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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Morphology of coronary vessels in coronary heart disease. An analysis of 930 coronary angiograms].

Coronary anatomy was analyzed in 930 patients who underwent coronary arteriography because of coronary artery disease. There was a slight predominance of single vessel disease, whereas double and triple vessel disease were equally distributed. A left main (LM) lesion was found in 5.2%, with an additional right coronary artery lesion in 3.3%. The left anterior descending (LAD) artery was involved most frequently, followed by the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex (Cx). The LAD demonstrated more often a proximal stenosis than the RCA and Cx. If the LM is associated with a RCA-stenosis then the LAD and Cx are involved more commonly, suggesting a more advanced disease in all major vessels. The analysis of ventricular function revealed a significant deterioration according to the number of diseased vessels. If the LM is associated with a RCA lesion, then the hemodynamics are similar to a 3-vessel disease, whereas isolated LM lesions are associated with good ventricular function according to the lesser degree of coronary sclerosis. The deterioration of the hemodynamics in correlation with coronary vessel involvement is significant, however due to the large standard deviations conclusions for the individual patient can not be drawn.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1979

[Single vessel coronary disease. I. Differences in clinical and prognostic aspects and in surgical results in isolated lesions of the anterior descending branch and of other coronary branches].

This study includes 290 patients having a 75% or greater stenosis of a sinlge coronary vessel, divided into two groups: 205 cases with isolated lesions of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and 85 with a stenosis of the circumflex (CF) or of the right (RCA) coronary artery. The following data have been compared in the two groups: -- characters of angina; -- results of stress testing; -- extent of left ventricular contraction impairment; -- natural history of unoperated patients; -- surgical risk; -- long term survival of operated patients; -- effect of medical or surgical treatment on symptoms. Results were as follows: -- LAD patients had slightly more severe symptoms and lower exercise tolerance than CF and RCA patients; -- no significant differences were noted as regards left ventricular contraction; -- five year survival rates were only slightly different both regarding unoperated patients (80 +/- 5% survival in LAD disease group; 86 +/- 5% in CF and RCA disease) and operated cases (83 +/- 5% in LAD lesions, 86 +/- 7% in CF and RCA disease); -- surgical risk was relatively low in both groups; -- progress of symptoms after bypass surgery was very favourable. Based on these results, indications for surgery in single coronary vessel disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Coronary vessel anomaly: fistula between the right coronary artery and the left ventricle clinically presenting as aortic valve insufficiency (author's transl)].

Under more than 200 cases of coronary vessel anomalies only 33 are fistulas from the right or left coronary artery into the left ventricle. The case presented here of a fistula from the right coronary artery into the left ventricle featured the clinical picture of an aortic valve insufficiency. The histologic findings support the theory that these fistulas are embryological anomalies: transient communications between the ventricular trabeculas and the coronary vessels may be lined with endothelium and become then persisting as fistulas.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1976

[Model for practicing suture technics for reconstructive surgery on coronary vessels].

Surgery on coronary vessels requires high surgical skill. For this reason generally, operations on experimental animals are carried out for exercise. These operative interventions require an extensive display of technique and personnel. A phantom, i.e. an arrested perfused porcine heart, was used to exercise the surgical technique. Material and personnel could be spared by this way, and a great number of exercising operations was performed. The phantom is described and its efficiency discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Comparative effects of prostaglandins E1, E2, A1, F1 alpha and F2 alpha on the resistance of coronary vessels during intracoronary administration.

The effects of prostaglandins E1, E2, A1, F1 alpha, and F2 alpha on the coronary vascular resistance during intracoronary administration were studied in anaesthetized, open-chest dogs. PGE1 in doses of 0.1 - 3-10 mug/kg in single intracoronary administration produced a potent and comparatively long-lasting direct decrease of the resistance of the coronary vessels and a decrease in the systemic arterial pressure. The PGE2 and PGA1 actions on the coronary vessels were less potent. At variance with PGE1 and PGE2, the hypotensive effect of PGA1 is more expressed than its action on the resistivity of coronary vessels. PGE1 alpah and PGF2 alpha do not show any significant influence on the resistivity of the coronary vessels. The results of the investigations also permit to establish a correlation between the chemical structure and action of prostaglandins on the coronary vessels and to conclude that one of the most important functional groups that determines the prostaglandin action on the coronary vessels most decisively is the keto-group at C-9 of cyclopentane ring. As coronary dilatator agents in anaesthetized dogs, the activity of the prostaglandins ranged in the order E1 greater than E2 greater than A1 greater than F1 alpha greater than F2 alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Effect of insulin on coronary vessel adrenergic and cholinergic reactions].

The effect of a single insulin injection on the reaction of the coronary vessels to adrenaline, noradrenaline, and acetylcholine was studied in experiments on dogs. Insulin induces a decrease of arterial pressure and of the resistance of the coronary and peripheral vessels reduces the reflex cholinergic and beta-adrenergic reactions of dilatation of the coronary vessels, and promotes alpha-adrenergic reactions in intracoronary administration of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Insulin also weakens the immediate cholinergic reactions of the coronary vessels in stimulation of the effector systems with acetylcholine.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The effects of periarterial nerve activation on coronary vessel tone in an isolated and perfused slab of beef ventricle.

The direct effects of extrinsic nerve stimulation on coronary artery tone are unclear because of the complications arising from alterations in myocardial dynamics which themselves alter flow. An isolated and perfused nonbeating slab of beef ventricle was utilized in the present experiments to eliminate secondary complications and the efects of periarterial nerve activation on coronary perfusion pressure were examined. It was found that stimulation induced vasoconstrictor responses which were enhanced by physostigmine, a cholinesterase inhibitor, and blocked by atropine. These responses were duplicated by exogenous acetylcholine both in the perfused preparation and in isolated strips of coronary artery. Although added noradrenaline gave vasodilatation, no response attributable to the release of noradrenaline from nerves was obtained. It is concluded that the coronary vasculature of the beef receives a cholinergic innervation and that its activation, especially under conditions of reduced transmitter degradation, may induce considerable coronary vessel constriction.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1979

Pharmacological evaluation of new calcium antagonists: 2-substituted 3-dimethylamino-5,6-methylenedioxyindenes. Effects on isolated hearts and coronary vessels.

The 2-n-propyl and 2-n-butyl aminoindene hydrochlorides were previously reported to interfere with excitation-contraction coupling in uterine and intestinal smooth muscle, and with stimulus-secretion coupling in the adrenal medulla, by interfering with the action of calcium at an intracellular site. The present investigation was designed to apply this knowledge to the potential coronary and cardiac effects of such a pharmacological action. The 2-n-propyl and 2-n-butyl aminoindenes (5 X 10(-6)-10(-4) M) produced a concentration-dependent relaxation of potassium-contracted strips of bovine extramural coronary vessels, which was reversible upon elevation of the calcium concentration in the medium. In the nonstimulated isolated perfused rabbit heart, the 2-n-propyl aminoindene (3 X 10(-5) M) and the 2-n-butyl aminoindene (3 X 10(-5) and 10(-4) M) increased coronary flow without affecting cardiac chronotropic activity. However, the 2-n-propyl aminoindene (3 X 10(-5) and 10(-4)M) and the 2-n-butyl aminoindene (10(-4) M) produced a negative inotropic action in this preparation. The combination of coronary dilation and decreased force of cardiac contraction may represent desirable properties for drugs useful in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Evidence from a nonrandomized study that coronary surgery prolongs survival in patients with two-vessel coronary disease.

Within the larger Seattle Heart Watch arteriography registry, surgically treated patients non randomly selected for direct myocardial revascularization were matched to medically treated patients such that each of the 287 pairs was identical in seven variables (ejection fraction, ventricular arrhythmia on resting electrocardiogram, age, heart murmur, stenosis of left main coronary artery greater than or equal to 50%, number of vessels with stenosis greater than or equal to 70%, and use of diuretics) previously demonstrated to be independently predictive of survival. Actuarial survival analyses based on cardiovascular deaths (average follow-up 3.5 years) indicate improved survival for the entire surgical matched pair cohort (p = 0.008) and for the surgically treated subgroup with two-vessel disease (p = 0.0002) when compared to the medical cohort. These results were confirmed by examination of the entire arteriography registry (n = 1524) in which these seven variables were known, using Cox's model for survival analysis. This multivariate, statistical technique indicated that the surgical mode of therapy was significantly predictive of improved survival in surgically treated patients for the entire registry (p = 0.008) and for the subgroup with two-vessel disease (p = 0.0005).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Comparative study of coronary vessel diameters in intravital and postmortal angiograms (author's transl)].

In a total of 21 mongrel dogs a comparison between intravital and postmortal coronary arteriograms was made so as to establish the difference in vessel diameter. Fresh postmortal hearts injected in situ showed an average increase in coronary vessel diameter of approx. 6 per cent. Examinations of 24 hour postmortal hearts which were removed from the animals showed a vessel diameter increase of barely 20 per cent in the mean. These 20 per cent correspond fairly well with literature information about the maximal widening of coronary vessels with nitroglycerin. Nerves which are still functioning, and humoral substances which may influence the still living muscle in vessel walls are supposed to be the reason for the smaller increase in fresh postmortal in situ illustrated coronary arteries. It must be stressed, that the measured differences between intravital and postmortal coronary artery diameters can only be representative of wall sections free of arterioslcerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Coronary vessel abnormalities of aortal origin].

Anomalies of aortal origin of the coronary vascular system are found in approximately one percent of the population and can be exactly documented by coronary angiography. Although such variants of origin and in the coronary vascular course are not associated with an increased incidence in coronary sclerosis, it is important that they be known for several reasons: 1. in order to avoid false interpretations of the coronarogram that can be of grave consequence, 2. for the selection of the correct incision at heart surgery, 3. a very rare anomaly, the origin of the trunk of the left coronary artery in the right Valsalva's sinus, is clearly related to sudden cardiac death in children and youths. A correct diagnosis can be life-saving.

Coronary Angiography↗