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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Relationship of nutrition and dietary habits to gingivitis, dental calculus deposit and dental plaque adhesion in high school students].

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship of nutrition and dietary habits to gingivitis, dental calculus deposit and dental plaque adhesion in high school students. The subjects were 16 third-year students (7 males and 9 females) at a high school in Tokyo. Dietary investigation was made for 4 days from Sunday to Wednesday. Conditions of gingivitis and dental plaque adhesion were examined concerning the labial aspects of 6 anterior mandibular teeth and the condition of the dental calculus deposits of 4 mandibular incisors was examined with respect to their lingual surfaces, then index scores were given according to the severity. The results were as follows: 1) Investigation of nutritive intake revealed that intake of calcium, iron and vegetable in both sexes and intake of vitamins A and B2 in males were insufficient. 2) With regards to the regularity of meals, boys tended to have more unfavorable dietary habits compared with girls, namely, their frequencies of meals and eating between meals, and time of meal were more irregular. 3) The degree of gingivitis, calculus deposit and plaque adhesion were more severe in boys compared with girls. It was suggested that these serious conditions in boys resulted from improper nutrition and dietary habits. 4) A significant negative correlation was observed between the severity of gingivitis and the sufficiency rate of vitamin B2, light-colored vegetable and fat intake. 5) The results of assessing adequacy of nutrition and dietary habits showed that severities of gingivitis and dental calculus deposit were mild in the adequate group with significant difference from those in the inadequate group. 6) From the above, we can conclude that adequate nutrition and proper dietary habits are essential for the health of the periodontinum of high school students.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Fluorescence of dental calculus from cats, dogs, and humans and of bacteria cultured from dental calculus.

Recently we reported that feline and canine dental calculus fluoresced pink to red under long wavelength ultraviolet light due to the presence of porphyrin. Here we report the observation of such fluorescence in 30 of 30 cats, 30 of 30 dogs, and 8 of 13 supragingival samples and 5 of 5 subgingival samples of humans. The fluorescence spectra of the calculus dissolved in 9 M HCl show that it is due to three distinct metal-free porphyrins. Similar fluorescence is obtained from bacterial cultures grown from calculus deposits of cats and dogs and bacteria grown on blood agar containing hemin and vitamin K1. The results of the bacterial culture study suggest that the metal-free porphyrin is produced by bacteria in the mouth. The clinical observation of fluorescence can be used for diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

High resolution electron microscopy of the junction between enamel and dental calculus.

Newly formed dental calculus grows on the enamel surface after the tooth crown is exposed to the oral environment. In order to demonstrate the crystal coherence, the junction between enamel and dental calculus was examined in the high resolution electron microscope. Ultrathin sections were also used for selected area electron diffraction to reveal any newly formed mineral phase. High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) revealed that lattice fringes of dental calculus crystals directly coincided with those of enamel crystals. Two types of coherence were identified at the junction: in one type, a dental calculus crystal contacted the side of an enamel crystal; in the other type, the former contacted the tip of the latter. Tilt boundaries between lattice striations showed varying degrees of curvatures in contact levels. A dislocation of lattice striations was also observed at the junctional regions. Selected area electron diffraction patterns of dental calculus were almost consistent with hydroxyapatite (OH-AP). These findings indicate that the elongation and/or enlargement of lattice fringes of calculus crystals during their growth brings direct coherence with enamel crystals. This suggestion is supported by the fact that it is clinically difficult to completely remove the dental calculus without the loss of the superficial layer of enamel.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗
PubMed2000

Detection of hepatitis C virus in saliva before and after scaling of dental calculus.

Dentists and dental health care workers are at risk of contracting hepatitis C virus (HCV) through dental treatment, since HCV RNA was reported to be easily detectable in the saliva of patients with chronic HCV liver disease. We tested for the presence of HCV RNA in saliva before and after removal of dental calculus, and in splashes on the chin-length face shields of dentists following treatment of six patients with HCV chronic liver diseases. We used a sensitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, to estimate exposure to HCV. All patients were anti-HCV and HCV RNA seropositive. HCV RNAs in saliva before or after scaling treatment were detected in three of the six, but none of the face shields showed positive samples. In conclusion, dentists and dental health care workers should be aware of the possibility of HCV infection via contact with serum and saliva during dental practice.

Dental Calculus↗
PubMed1989

[Study on mercury in dental calculus].

It has been reported that dental calculus contains trace elements of mercury besides lead, cadmium and zinc. The mercury is one of the hazardous metal elements from the environmental point of view. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of the accumulation of mercury in the dental calculus. The results were as follows: 1. The concentration of mercury was 1.6 ppm in the dental calculus collected from the subjects with no amalgam fillings. 2. The most of the mercury was found in the organic fraction of the dental calculus. 3. In the culture study of Bacterionema matruchotii in vitro, with the increase of Bacterionema matruchotii the uptake of mercury by the bacteria increased. And the maximum uptake of mercury was seen between 7 to 14 days of the culture period. 4. After 7 days of culture, the bacterial cells were destroyed into several fractions and the quantity of the mercury in the respective fractions was assayed. About 90% of mercury was found in the cell wall. From these results, it was suggested that the uptake of mercury by the bacteria was the cause of mercury accumulation in the dental calculus.

Actinomycetaceae↗