SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “DICHLORPHENAMIDE”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1984

Topical ocular hypotensive activity and ocular penetration of dichlorphenamide sodium in rabbits.

A single topical instillation (50 microliter) of the water soluble sodium salt of dichlorphenamide (10%) produced a pronounced and prolonged lowering of intraocular pressure (IOP), compared to suspensions of its free acid, in rabbits with alpha-chymotrypsin-induced ocular hypertension. In normal rabbits, instillation of dichlorphenamide sodium also produced a markedly elevated drug aqueous humor level relative to instillation of its free acid, indicating enhanced penetration into the eye. The IOP response after ocular instillation of dichlorphenamide sodium was equivalent to that produced by oral administration of 6 or 18 mg/kg dichlorphenamide sodium. Serum drug levels were lower and aqueous humor and iris-ciliary body levels were higher after instillation of dichlorphenamide sodium (10%) than after oral administration of 2 or 6 mg/kg. The data indicate that topically instilled dichlorphenamide sodium is capable of lowering IOP by a local action in the eye and provides a rationale for the potential utility of topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors as a therapy for glaucoma in man.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1976

[Dichlorphenamide treatment in acute glaucoma (author's transl)].

Dichlorphenamide as well as Diamox lowers intraocular pressure. For adequate treatment of acute glaucoma only 20% of commonly used Diamoxdosis is requested to reach comparable pressure release two hours later. After one hour control intraocular pressure of 60% from patients with Dichlorphenamide treatment was found below 40 mm Hg since in Diamoxgroup there were only 30% below 40 mm Hg. Different effects of Dichlorphenamide and Diamox after one hour use is demonstrated in respect of serum electrolytes and base excess as well. Essential side effects after a single dosis of 200 mg Dichlorphenamide or in combination with Diamox for acute glaucoma treatment could not be observed.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMed1964

THE RESPIRATORY ACTION OF DICHLORPHENAMIDE.

The action of dichlorphenamide has been investigated in three healthy subjects. After this drug had been given, ventilation increased while alveolar and oxygenated mixed venous Pco(2) both fell. The magnitude of these changes was closely related to the degree of acidosis produced by the drug. The effect of intravenous acetazolamide, tested in one subject, was qualitatively similar to that of orally administered dichlorphenamide. Respiratory responses to carbon dioxide were studied in two of the subjects and in one of them the metabolic acidosis was sufficient to account for the short-term effect of dichlorphenamide on respiration.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMed1966

Effect of dichlorphenamide on gas exchange and CSF acid-base state in chronic respiratory failure.

Dichlorphenamide was administered to 13 patients with chronic respiratory failure, and the effects on gas exchange at rest and during exercise and on the acid-base state of CSF were observed. The ventilation for a given level of CO(2) production was increased both at rest and during exercise, resulting in an increased arterial Po(2) and decreased Pco(2).The ventilatory stimulation paralleled the development of a metabolic acidosis but was not associated with tissue CO(2) accumulation. Indeed, CSF Pco(2) and the oxygenated mixed venous (rebreathing) Pco(2) fell by the same amount as arterial Pco(2). The level of CO(2) elimination after two minutes of exercise was as great for a given work load after dichlorphenamide as before. These findings do not support the view that the drug impairs CO(2) transport from tissues either at rest or during exercise. They are most consistent with the view that the primary locus of action of dichlorphenamide in therapeutic doses is the kidney. The metabolic acidosis which results is likely the basis of the respiratory stimulatin, perhaps by its effects on the CSF H(2)CO(3)-HCO(3) - system. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the red cell and choroid plexus are probably unimportant effects.

Acidosis↗

PubMed1979

Electron-capture GLC assay of dichlorphenamide.

GLC with electron-caputre detection was applied to the assay of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dichlorphenamide and demonstrated a sensitivity of 10 ng in 0.5 ml of rabbit serum or whole aqueous humor (congruent to 0.25 ml) from one rabbit eye. After extraction of the drug and internal standard (monochlorphenamide) from the biological fluid, these compounds were converted to their tetramethyl derivatives by a nucleophilic alkylation method. Dichlorphenamide contents of aqueous humor and serum of rabbits treated with this drug are reported.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Randomized trials of dichlorphenamide in the periodic paralyses. Working Group on Periodic Paralysis.

Although the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors have been used in the treatment of the primary periodic paralyses (PPs), their efficacy has not been demonstrated in double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Therefore, we tested the efficacy of dichlorphenamide (DCP; Daranide), a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, in the treatment of episodic weakness in the primary PPs. We performed two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trials, one involving 42 subjects with hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) and the other involving 31 subjects with potassium-sensitive periodic paralysis (PSPP). In each trial, two 8-week treatment periods were separated by an active washout period of at least 9 weeks. The primary outcome variable in the HypoPP trial was the occurrence of an intolerable increase in attack severity or frequency (end point). The primary outcome variable in the PSPP trial was the number of attacks per week. In the HypoPP trial, there were 13 subjects who exhibited a preference (in terms of the end point) for either DCP or placebo, and 11 of these preferred DCP. In the PSPP trial, DCP significantly reduced attack rates relative to placebo. DCP also significantly reduced attack rates relative to placebo in the HypoPP subjects. We conclude that DCP is effective in the prevention of episodic weakness in both HypoPP and PSPP.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1964