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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Conditions and factors determining the etiological structure of dysentery and its changes. Report 1. Epidemiological theory of etiological selectivity of the main (primary) pathways of infection and their differences in various nosological forms of dysentery].

The authors present the elaborated and formed epidemiological theory ("conformity theory") according to which the etiological structure of dysentery is determined by the etiological selectivity of the main (primary) waves of transmission of the infection differing in various nosological forms of dysentery. In Grigoriev-Shiga dysentery the domestic way of the spread of infection plays the main role, in Flexner and Newcastle dysentery--the water way, and in Sonne dysentery--the food way (particularly through the milk). Evolution of the etiological structure of dysentery serves as the reflection of evolution of the principal ways of transmission. The complex of prophylactic and antiepidemic measures in individual noslogical forms of dysentery should be differentiated and be directed in epidemiological sense to the neutralization of the corresponding main (primary) way of transmission of the infection.

Dysentery, Bacillary↗
PubMed1983

[Epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in Algeria. II. The seasonality of dysentery].

Morbidity rises during the period of summer and autumn are characteristic of bacterial dysentery in Algeria. During the last 18 years no essential changes in the seasonal character of bacterial dysentery were observed in the country taken as a whole. However, in different climatic and geographical zones of the country the seasonal character of dysentery greatly varies from one zone to another and essentially differs from the seasonal character of dysentery morbidity, typical of the country as a whole for many years. The most pronounced manifestations of seasonal rises are observed in the Sahara zone. The seasonal character of dysentery is formed mainly by morbidity among patients belonging to 3 age groups. The seasonal rises of dysentery can be probably explained by the complex of social and climatic factors, as well as by the biological features of the causative agents of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of a live enteral dysentery vaccine from spontaneous Flexner mutant 2a 516m on the immunoglobulin-producing cell count in the large intestine mucosa in dysentery].

The influence of vaccinal therapy with live oral dysentery vaccine prepared from S. flexneri 2a 516M on the content of immunoglobulin-producing cells in the mucous membrane of the large intestine was studied. A considerable increase in the number of IgA- and IgM-synthetizing cells was shown to occur in the course of the infectious process in acute dysentery. In chronic dysentery the content of IgA- and IgM-synthetizing cells in patients was considerably lower than in a smooth course of acute dysentery. The use of the vaccine for the therapy of patients with chronic and especially acute dysentery resulted in a considerable rise in the number of plasma cells synthetizing IgA, IgM and IgG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Use of live Flexner 2a 516M dysentery vaccine for the immunotherapy of acute and chronic dysentery].

Live dysentery vaccine prepared from Sh. flexneri 2a 516 M, a spontaneous mutant, was used for the treatment of 153 patients with acute and chronic dysentery. A single oral administration in a dose of 25 X 10(9) live microbial cells and 2 oral administrations in doses of 25 X 10(9) and 50 X 10(9) live microbial cells did not induce the clinical aggravation of the disease, greatly reduced the time of the reparation of the intestinal mucosa and reduced the frequency and duration of excretion of the infective agent by patients with acute and chronic dysentery, as well as considerably enhanced the levels of IgG, IgM and particularly IgA in the blood and saliva of the vaccinees in comparison with the controls. These data indicate that live dysentery vaccine, when used for the immunotherapy of dysentery, possesses high immunological and antibacterial effectiveness.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Prevention of swine dysentery with a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin and resistance of swine dysentery to tylosin and sodium arsanilate.

The addition of a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to feed at the total concentrations of 44 and 77 mg/kg, beginning at the time of exposure and continuing for 8 weeks, prevented experimentally induced swine dysentery in swine. The disease did not develop after the medication was withdrawn. In contrast, swine dysentery, similar to that seen in the nonmedicated swine, did develop in simultaneously exposed swine treated with feed containing either 44 mg of tylosin or 99 mg sodium arsanilate/kg. The swine fed sodium arsanilate and which developed hemorrhagic diarrhea had a more severe form of this type of diarrhea than did the nonmedicated swine. After reexposure to inefective inoculum of swine dysentery 86 days after initial exposure, all remaining swine previously medicated with either tylosin or sodium arsanilate and all nonmedicated swine were immune; whereas 17 of the 24 swine fed the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin were susceptible to swine dysentery and developed diarrhea.

Aniline Compounds↗
PubMed1977

Immune processes in the course of infection with dysentery bacilli. III. Protective activity of spleen cells and serum from mice immunized with killed dysentery bacilli.

Killed dysentery bacilli induce immunity in mice which can be transferred to other mice with serum. Spleen cells do not transfer this immunity, in contrast to spleen cells from mice immunized with live dysentery bacilli. The results of this and previous studies 5,17 suggest that immunity in mice infected with dysentery bacilli depends on two coexisting effector mechanisms--cell-mediated and humoral immunity. Live bacilli induce both, however killed bacilli stimulated humoral immunity and protect mice equally effectively against lethal infection with dysentery bacilli.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Epidemiology of bacillary dysentery in Algeria. I. The epidemiological aspects of dysentery in Algeria].

Bacterial dysentery plays an important role among infectious diseases in Algeria. A tendency to the growth of the morbidity rate has been observed. Dysentery is irregularly spread in different zones of the country. The highest morbidity rate is registered in the Sahara zone and in the eastern part of the country. The morbidity rate among the urban population is higher than among the rural population. S. flexneri prevail in the etiological structure of dysentery infection. Of all age groups, the highest morbidity rate is observed among children during the first 2 years of life. In recent years lethality varies between 2.9% and 7.5%. Patients are hospitalized mainly on the basis of clinical symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Local immunity in acute dysentery. II. The content of antibody-forming cells in the large intestine mucosa in acute Flexner dysentery in the dynamics of the disease].

Antibody-forming cells were detected in the large intestine of patients with acute Flexner's dysentery by means of the modified Jerne - Nordin method of hemolysis in agar. This method allowed one to determine the classes of immunoglobulins produced by the cells contained in tissue microspecimens obtained by the biopsy of the intestinal mucosa. The maximum amount of antibody-containing cells could be detected on days 7-12 of the disease. The content of antibody-forming cells was shown to depend on the severity of dysentery, the duration of the disease and the therapeutic methods used in the process of treatment. IgA was found to be the most frequent antigen type.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Immune processes in the course of infection with dysentery bacilli. IV. Transfer of immunity by means of fractions isolated from sera of mice immunized with dysentery bacilli.

Studies in mice on the protective activity of sera fractions isolated from immune sera, showed that viable as well as killed dysentery bacilli evoke in mice immunity, which can be transferred to other mice by serum or globulin fractions isolated from the serum. It was shown that protective activity is localized in the globulin fraction of IgM and IgG class. No correlation between the titers of specific antibodies and protective activity of components of the globulin fractions was found. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the globulin fraction isolated from the serum of normal mice is capable to transfer the immunity, whereas whole serum does not exhibit any protective activity. Possible mechanism of the immunity caused by transfer of the serum fractions into lethally infected-recipients was presented in the discussion.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A swine dysentery model for evaluation of drug prophylaxis: efficacy of various drugs in the control of swine dysentery.

A swine dysentery (SD) model that produces consistent, homogeneous, and severe SD was used in 2 experiments to compare the prophylactic effectiveness of 5 commercially available swine feed additive products. Under the conditions of these studies, carbadox and carbadox + sulfamethazine proved to be the most effective agents in preventing SD during the infection + medication and postmedication periods. Olaquindox was effective in preventing SD in the infection + medication period; however, SD recurrence was high during the postmedication period. Nithiamide and chlortetracycline + sulfamethazine + penicillin were least effective in preventing SD during the infection + medication and postmedication periods.

Animals↗