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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Developing criteria for quality of assessment: effect of the Delphi technique.

We examined the effect of the Delphi iteration procedure in developing explicit criteria for ambulatory care assessment. Practicing internists chose items they believed to be essential with regard to the care of certain specified conditions. The initial responses were tabulated and "fed-back" to the participants. The second round of criteria selection, with the first-round summary available, produced few and relatively minor changes in the items chosen by group consensus.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1976

Oral health services: a Delphi technique estimation of their role in adult inpatient rehabilitation programs.

This report presents the results of an investigation into one possible administrative route that would increase the accessibility and availability of dental services for the handicapped. Specifically, this paper assesses the desirability of, perceived level of need for, and feasibility of incorporating a dental service into the total hospital rehabilitation program for adults. The Delphi technique, a method of gathering the opinions of experts through a sequentially designed set of questionnaires, was used to ascertain the views of ten chairpersons of physical medicine and rehabilitation units. The results of this discussion indicate that the perceived need is great, that access to care is difficult, and that a feasible solution would be to establish a hospital-based dental service, preferably convenient to the rehabilitation dormitory, which would provide a full range of dental services.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Does this patient need a narcotic injection? A descriptive analysis of decision making.

Thirty six nurses divided into three groups were asked in a series of three questionnaires to evaluate patients' needs for post-operative narcotic pain relief. Using a decision-analytic procedure, which combined a version of the Delphi technique and the multi-attribute utility approach, the six most salient criteria in order of priority were identified. These criteria were then tested in the clinical situation using a series of scenarios. A difference between how nurses purportedly evaluated patients' needs for narcotic pain relief and what they actually did in hypothetical clinical situations was found. The theoretical implications of these results are discussed.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Delphi survey of priorities in clinical nursing research.

Using the Delphi technique, a panel of 433 nurse and nonnurse experts was surveyed regarding priorities for clinical research in nursing. Of these, 341 completed all four Delphi survey rounds. Three questions were studied: 1) Is this an area in which nursing should assume primary research responsibility? 2) How important is research on this topic for the profession of nursing? 3) What is the likelihood of change in patient welfare because of research on the topic? Although the nature and amount of data produced prohibited interpretation of the data or delineation of succinct conclusions about priorities for clinical nursing research, responses to the three questions supported these statements: The majority of research areas identified in the questionnaire are areas in which nursing should take research leadership. Although there is some overlap, priorities for professional significance and social or patient welfare relevance are different. In terms of professional significance, highest priority was given to items regarding measuring the quality of care, role, nursing process, and the research process. In terms of patient welfare, several programs of research are discernible in the items ranked in the top ten percent; these include nursing interventions related to stress, care of the aged, pain, and patient education. The Delphi technique also is described.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1979

Using Delphi to achieve congruent objectives and activities in a pediatrics department.

This study demonstrated the use of the Delphi technique in conjunction with activity analysis to obtain consensus on and clarity of objectives and activities of full-time members of an academic medical department. The results indicated that the Delphi technique is an effective method not only for obtaining a consensus on objectives but also for elucidating areas where there is no apparent consensus. The results also revealed which activities contributed to the objectives of the department and in which areas there was a divergence of objectives from the actual activities being carried out.

British Columbia↗
PubMed1979

An index of accessibility for ambulatory health services.

This paper discusses an Index developed and used to measure accessibility to health services provided on an outpatient basis at the Kaiser Community Health Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio. The Index is based on four levels of urgency or severity of illness and on the waiting times to get entry into the system. The parameters of the Index, initially established by task force members, were tested on a sample basis against the judgments of Kaiser outpatient facility users and finally refined through the consensus-seeking Delphi technique using a panel representing Kaiser members, gatekeepers, physicians and administrators. The actual times required to gain accessibility in the various process stages and in the various departments were obtained through simulated requests for appointments, by monitoring telephone calls to the various gate-keeping stations, by direct observations, and by the use of a telephone traffic computer. The paper discusses the Index developed, the data collection methodologies, and the data analyses performed.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Burn nursing Delphi study: pain management.

In 1989 a Delphi study was undertaken to identify the nursing priorities in burn research. The Delphi technique is a series of questionnaires used to reach consensus. Ninety-four nurses involved in burn care completed four rounds of questionnaires containing 101 research questions. This, the seventh and final report, concerns a significant area of burn research, which is pain management. Eleven (10%) of the 101 questions dealt with pain, whereas five were rated among the top 20 priority questions. As a category the questions concerning pain management had a mean score of 5.91 on a 0 to 7 Likert scale. The questions collectively were cited as having the most impact on the welfare of the patient with burns.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1976

IMP: a new method for health problem assessment.

This paper presents a new method for health problem assessment, called IMP. It is based upon the premise that the critical step in the development of policy decisions isthe definition of health problems at the community level. The method is an extension of the Delphi technique but has been significantly improved by the determination of the critical variables in the problem set and by the incroporation of a structured logic system and of professional judgment. The study compares the IMP method with data gathered by traditional, epidemiological prevalence surveys and also with data from a computer simulation. The conclusion is unavoidable: the IMP method is an accurate as the other methods, at far less cost. The problem of preventable bureaucratic blindness has been used as an illustration of the application of this technique.

Epidemiologic Methods↗
PubMed1979

Identification and evaluation of competencies of public health nutritionists.

The Delphi Technique was used to elicit a number of essential competencies expected of the "entry-level" public health nutritionist from members of Graduate Faculties of Programs in Public Health Nutrition. Questionnaires composed of "competency statements" were constructed from these responses and sent to practitioners in public health nutrition. The questionnaire requested evaluation of the "necessity" of each competency. Responses served as the basis for "factor analysis" procedures, employed to obtain clusters of competency functions expected of the nutritionist. From the 109 competency items originally identified, 17 competency scales were derived from the factor analysis. A ranking from both faculties and practitioners revealed that both groups highly rated competencies to communicate, to counsel and deal with clients/patients, and to interpret scientific data in "lay language." Less important in the ranking were competencies which dealt with administrative abilities, program planning, legislative activism, and consumer advocacy. These findings have cimplications for the practitioner in public health nutrition as well as for academic groups who must plan and evaluate curricula in public health nutrition and in other fields of public health.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1979

Functional recovery from cancer surgery: estimation of expectations.

Level of expected functional recovery from colostomy, laryngectomy and mastectomy was established by the Delphi technique. One hundred fifteen cancer rehabilitation experts responded to 2 rounds of questionnaires and provided their judgments regarding degrees and timing of recovery in 14 functional, physical and psychological areas. Feedback of first round judgments was provided in the second round and 85% agreement was set as the standard for consensus. The mastectomy patient is expected to have the quickest recovery with former level of functioning reached in most areas by 3 months postdischarge. The colostomy patient is expected to be functioning normally in most areas by 6 months postdischarge. The laryngectomy patient is expected to be functioning normally in most areas by 12 months postdischarge. Some functions were judged to have the same rate of recovery for all 3 patient types; for example, the experts agreed that for the 55-year-old patients described in the case abstracts, sexual activities would not reach the preoperative frequency until 12 months postdischarge.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

Development of competency-based, career-entry examination for clinical laboratory personnel.

The process of developing a competency-based credentialing examination for career-entry practitioners is described, including a review of pertinent literature. A modified Delphi technique was used to achieve consensus among a panel of experts with respect to Career-Entry Statements of Competence. Items were written which were referenced specifically to one or more of the statements. The resulting genralist examination for the technologist and technician personnel levels is the first such examination to be reported in the field of clinical laboratory sciences which utilized a formal process involving such large numbers of practicing professionals.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1978

A quality of care evaluation measure for emergency medical service systems.

This paper presents the development and validation of an emergency medical service (EMS) systems quality of care evaluation measure. The System Input Severity Measure consists of a set of single and multiple injury survival rates that would be expected to occur in an EMS system classified as providing "baseline" advanced life support services. These expected survival rates were developed by a nationwide panel of emergency medicine experts through the use of the Delphi group opinion surveying technique. Validation of the System Input Severity Measure was a twofold process. First, reliability of the results of the Delphi surveying process was validated by comparing the resultant expected survival rates with Illinois Trauma Registry data. Second, the applicability of the measure was validated using data collected in EMS systems generally recognized to be providing exceptional (either superior or inferior) emergency patient care. It was recognized that the development of a comprehensive, large-scale System Input Severity Measure through the use of the Delphi technique alone is impractical. Consequently, a functional relationship between single and multiple injury survival rates was also developed. It appeared that when employed in conjunction with data developed from the Delphi technique, such an approach would make practicable the development of a comprehensive System Input Severity Measure.

Delphi Technique↗