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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

An in vivo study of dentin sensitivity: the relation of dentin sensitivity and the patency of dentin tubules.

Dentin hypersensitivity can be a major problem for periodontal patients. The relationship between dentin hypersensitivity and the patency of dentin tubules in vivo has been established. Thirteen adult patients with teeth scheduled for extraction were selected and a stent fabricated to confirm location of the root surface being examined. Response to a constant air blast was recorded on a numeric pain rating scale (from 0 to 4) during the course of treatment. The tooth surface was initially treated with 0.5 molar EDTA (pH = 7.4), to remove the smear layer and expose tubules. The region was then treated with either a 3% monopotassium-monohydrogen oxalate solution or a 3% sodium chloride solution, both at pH = 2.4. Solutions were prepared to be indistinguishable to the examiner. Response to air was evaluated before and after EDTA treatment and after treatment with a desensitizing agent. The patient was anesthetized and the treated tooth extracted. Specimens were sectioned, critical point dried, sputter coated with gold, and examined under the scanning electron microscope. Photomicrographs were analyzed by computer assisted digital analysis to evaluate the degree of tubule occlusion. Statistical analysis by repeated measures ANOVA for univariate tests of hypothesis for within subject effects showed the sodium chloride solution was more effective in reducing dentin sensitivity than the potassium oxalate solution. Scanning electron micrographic analysis revealed a mean dentin tubule aperture size of 1.720 square microns following EDTA treatment alone, 0.564 square micron following potassium oxalate treatment, and 0.386 square micron following sodium chloride treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Dentin permeability and dentin sensitivity.

The hydrodynamic theory of dentin sensitivity is based on the premise that sensitive dentin is permeable throughout the length of the tubules. Such a condition may permit the diffusion of bacterial products across dentin to the pulp where they may cause irritation of pulpal soft tissues. However, the slow outward movement of dentinal fluid tends to flush the tubules free of exogenous substances. This balance between the inward diffusion of exogenous substances, whether bacterial or the active ingredients in desensitizing medicaments, and the cleansing action of dentinal fluid flow needs to be examined experimentally.

Dentin↗
PubMed1990

Mechanisms of dentin sensitivity.

This article reviews dentin sensitivity from a mechanistic perspective beginning with short treatments of pulpal innervation, the hydrodynamic considerations of dentin, and how various stimuli may cause pain. Speculation is raised about the contribution of bacteria and their products on dentin sensitivity and how dentin might become truly hypersensitive, especially following periodontal therapy. Wherever possible, the clinical considerations of basic research is stressed.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1990

The influence of frequent ingestion of acids in the diet on treatment for dentin sensitivity.

For many patients with severe and persistent pain from dentin sensitivity, therapeutic interventions often produce unsatisfactory results. Eighteen patients with persistent dentin sensitivity following a two-month clinical trial of a desensitizing dentifrice and a two-week treatment of four applications of a topical fluoride varnish participated in post-hoc evaluation of the association between the frequency of acid ingestions in the diet and the persistence of pain. A specific food frequency assessment was performed and tested for association against longitudinal, clinical and subjective patient assessments. There was a negative association (r = 0.49) between the frequency of ingestion of specific acid foods and beverages and the persistence of dentin sensitivity. Findings suggest that nutritional counselling should be part of the treatment offered for patients with these problems.

Acids↗
PubMed1991

Evaluation of tartar control dentifrices in in vitro models of dentin sensitivity.

The effects of anticalculus dentifrices were compared with other commercially available dentifrices in in vitro models of dentin sensitivity. Changes in the hydraulic conductance of dentin discs were measured with and without a smear layer before and after treatment and also after a post-treatment acid etch. The capacity of dentifrices to occlude open dentinal tubules in vitro was also assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was good correlation (R = 0.98) between our test and values reported in the literature. Tartar control dentifrices gave reductions in fluid flow rates through the dentin discs comparable to those obtained with Promise, Sensodyne, Thermodent and Denquel. Additionally, tartar control dentifrices did not remove microcrystalline debris (smear layers) from the surfaces of dentin in vitro. These results were confirmed by SEM. Thus, according to the hydrodynamic theory of dentin sensitivity, these in vitro results suggest that pyrophosphate-containing dentifrices should reduce dentinal sensitivity.

Dental Calculus↗
PubMed1992

Relation of dentin sensitivity to histological changes in dog teeth with exposed and stimulated dentin.

The effect of chronic exposure of dentin to the sensitivity of intradental nerves was studied in dogs. The dentin of canine and incisor teeth was exposed one week prior to the experiments in which 34 single fiber units dissected from the inferior alveolar nerve were recorded. In the teeth with acutely bared dentin 36 nerve fibers were tested. SEM of the chronically exposed dentin showed that practically no tubule apertures could be found since the surface was covered with bacteria and oral debris. This coating had to be removed by drilling and acid etching before any responses could be evoked. When compared to the teeth with acutely exposed dentin, the sensitivity of the fibers responding to drilling, probing, osmotic stimulation, and air blasts applied to the dentin was weakened in the chronic cases, in the sense that fewer units of those tested responded. However, cold evoked nerve activity only in some chronically exposed teeth, suggesting sensitization of the nerves. TEM revealed electron-dense substance in the dentinal tubules of the chronic teeth. Some of the material was evidently cellular remnants aspirated from the pulp and some of it, staining more faintly, could be extravasated plasma proteins. In the acute cases the tubules were emptier. Light microscopy showed histological injuries in the pulp-dentin border. It is concluded that the decrease in the responsiveness of the pulp nerve fibers in the chronic cases was due to the changes in the dentin.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Clinical evaluation of pulp and dentine sensitivity after supragingival and subgingival scaling.

The exposure of dentinal tubules by the removal of root cementum on scaling procedures has been proposed to be a source of pulp injury and to cause dentine hypersensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of the pulp and dentine after supragingival and subgingival scaling. Eleven patients with periodontally diseased mandibular incisors were selected. The subjects were divided into two groups according to marginal bone loss. The pulp sensitivity was evaluated by an electric pulp test. Dentine sensitivity was evaluated with two forms of controlled stimulations (probe and air-jet) and with a questionnaire. No changes in pulp sensitivity were found after scaling, but a clinically significant increase in dentine sensitivity to probe and/or air stimuli was observed in 6 patients. Five of these were also sensitive to daily life stimuli. A natural mechanism of desensitization seemed to have occurred two weeks after subgingival debridement. This study showed that supragingival and subgingival scaling might cause a more or less transient occurrence of dentine hypersensitivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The effects of primers on the sensitivity of dentin.

The effects of dentin primers on the sensitivity of dentin were examined by measurement of the repetitive firing observed when a class V cavity prepared in the dentin of the lower jaw of a rabbit was irritated by a blast of compressed air. It was possible to conclude that the combined application of an aqueous solution of 35% hydroxyethyl methacrylate and a commercially available dentin bonding agent was effective for reducing the repetitive firing and for maintaining such a "sedative " effect. Although the dentin tubules were sealed mechanically by the resin material, it was impossible to explain the mechanism by which the dentin primer application reduced firing.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗