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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Solubility of zinc oxide-eugenol and calcium hydroxide cements in simulated dentinal fluid.

The solubility of four dental cement bases was measured in simulated dentinal fluid and distilled water to evaluate the relevancy of the American Dental Association solubility test for cement bases in contact with vital dentine. A simulated dentinal fluid was formulated utilizing glucose, distilled water, and sterile human plasma. Cement-base samples were immersed in either distilled water or simulated dentinal fluid at 37 degrees C in a shaker water-bath for 1, 2, or 3 months. Weight loss values were compared utilizing a three-way analysis of variance. Zinc oxide-eugenol cements were significantly more soluble in simulated dentinal fluid than distilled water, while the calcium hydroxide cement bases were significantly more soluble in distilled water than simulated dentinal fluid.

Calcium Hydroxide↗
PubMed1997

Fluoride uptake in dentin with and without simulating dentinal fluid flow.

The aim of the present study was to compare fluoride uptake of dentin with and without simulating dentinal fluid flow. Eighty-five dentinal discs were prepared from retained human molars. Seventeen discs were used to assess baseline fluoride content (controls). Sixty-eight discs were evenly distributed among two experimental groups and were fixed for 24 h in a two-chamber device allowing for simulating dentinal fluid flow. Thirty-four samples were treated with dentifrice slurry containing a low fluoride concentration (Elmex, dilution 1:5); the remaining discs were treated with a solution of a high fluoride concentration (Elmex Fluid). For the perfused group, each of the 17 discs of the high and low concentration fluoride groups were constantly perfused during the experiment. The remaining fluoridated specimens were not perfused. All specimens were assayed for KOH-soluble fluoride and structurally bound fluoride. Structurally bound fluoride was determined in three successive layers of 20 microns each. Uptake of KOH-soluble fluoride was significantly higher in the specimens fluoridated with Elmex Fluid compared to the samples treated with the dentifrice slurry. The uptake of KOH-soluble fluoride was not influenced by perfusion of the dentinal discs. However, perfusion resulted in lower acquisition of structurally bound fluoride in the samples treated with the dentifrice slurry. After application of Elmex Fluid, no significant difference was found in the amount of structurally bound fluoride between the perfused specimens and non-perfused samples. It is suggested that further studies on fluoride uptake in dentin should use a model simulating outward dentinal fluid flow.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Influence of dentinal fluid and stress on marginal adaptation of resin composites.

The influence of dentinal fluid and of a number of stress procedures on the quality of the margins of class V restorations located in both enamel and dentin was quantitatively assessed in vitro with the aid of a scanning electron microscope. The materials tested were GLUMA 2000 experimental, Prisma Universal Bond 3, and Syntac, together with the fine hybrid composites supplied by the respective manufacturers (Pekafill, AP.H, and Tetric). All materials achieved over 95% of "continuous margin" in enamel before and after stressing. In dentin, the initial values, with as well as without dentinal fluid simulation, were situated between 93.2 and 98.2%. With GLUMA 2000 experimental after stressing, a "continuous margin" occurred in only 50.2%, but with Prisma Universal Bond 3 and Syntac, the value was 79.0%. The influence of dentinal fluid simulation was dependent on the dentinal adhesive used. The effects of the various stress procedures were not significantly different.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed1991

Dentinal fluid movement associated with loading of restorations.

Post-operative biting sensitivity is a significant clinical problem after placement of posterior resin composites and may be due to dentinal fluid movement. The occlusal surfaces of extracted teeth were filled with amalgam (control) or various posterior resin composites, and the movement of the dentinal fluid induced by the loading of the restorations was studied. In addition, the firing of pulpal nerves induced by the loading of class 5 resin composite restorations in canine teeth of dogs was also investigated. When the entire cavity was etched with an acid gel and then filled with resin composite, dentinal fluid movement in response to loading was significantly (p less than 0.01) greater than in the amalgam-filled or unoperated controls. The dog canine tooth filled with resin composite showed firing of pulpal nerves when loaded. These results suggest that the movement of dentinal fluid induced by masticatory pressure on resin composite restorations may elicit biting sensitivity.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1994

New adhesives in Class V restorations under combined load and simulated dentinal fluid.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the efficacy of three dentinal adhesives using the "all etch" technique (All-Bond 2, Bisco; Scotchbond MP,3M Dental Products Co.; OptiBond, Kerr) with a dentinal adhesive which still uses phosphoric acid to condition enamel and a self-etching primer for dentin (A.R.T.-Bond, Coltene/Whaledent). METHODS: Eight V-shaped mixed Class V restorations were placed per group in extracted human premolars. The restorations were subjected to 1,200,000 mechanical occlusal cycles (max. force 49 N; frequency 1.7 Hz) and 3,000 simultaneous thermal cycles (5-50-5 degrees C). Dentinal fluid was simulated using 1:3 diluted horse serum and fed into the pulp chamber both during restoration and loading. Percentages of "continuous margin" were assessed on SEM replicas of enamel and dentinal margins at 200x magnification immediately before and after stressing, respectively. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed before stress between the materials either in enamel or in dentin. After stress, however, OptiBond and A.R.T.-Bond performed significantly better in dentin than the two other adhesives (Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney; p < 0.05). Although high initial values were observed, All-Bond 2 and Scotchbond MP were not stress-resistant under simulated physiological conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: The predicted clinical potential of All-Bond 2 and Scotchbond MP is inferior to that of OptiBond and A.R.T.-Bond.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1994

Determination of plasma proteins in dentinal fluid from cavities prepared in healthy young human teeth.

The discharge of albumin, IgG and fibrinogen in dentinal fluid released from freshly exposed dentine was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were compared with the relative concentrations of these proteins in the interstitial fluid of the pulp. The sampling procedure involved retrieval of phosphate-buffered saline placed in cavities exposing the dentine or pulp of young human premolars for a period of 15 min. Albumin and IgG were found in all dentine samples. The relative occurrence of these two proteins was similar in fluid samples from the exposed pulp. While fibrinogen was detected in all pulp samples only four of a total of 16 dentine samples displayed this protein. Shortly after a mechanical exposure, the exposed ends of the dentinal tubules will therefore release plasma proteins, although to a varying extent. The amount and quality appear related to the amount in which they are present in the interstitial fluid of the pulp.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The quantitative determination of dentinal fluid during the treatment of deep caries].

A method for dentin fluid measurements has been developed permitting an indirect judgement on remineralizing effect of drugs. The study was carried out in 36 teeth of 23 patients. Hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, and, as a reference agent, calmecin were used in the treatment of deep caries. A reliable remineralizing effect of hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate was revealed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

The ultrastructure of a compomer adhesive interface in enamel and dentin, and its marginal adaptation under dentinal fluid as compared to that of a composite.

OBJECTIVES: To visualise the ultrastructure of the interface of SCA compomer adhesive and of Optibond composite adhesive in enamel and dentin, and to relate the findings to the marginal adaptation of these two products in mixed class V restorations. METHODS: The ultrastructure was investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with and without prior argon ion etching, an environmental SEM, a field emission SEM, a confocal laser scanning microscope, and a transmission electron microscope. The marginal adaptation was quantified in mixed class V restorations by using the replica technique and a SEM under simulated dentinal fluid before and after simultaneous mechanical and thermal loading. RESULTS: The ultrastructure of the compomer adhesive interface differed from those of the composite. However, no significant difference was discerned as regards the percentage of "continuous margin" in the enamel marginal area before loading, and in the dentin area before and after loading (p < 0.05; unpaired t-test). Only after loading, the percentage of "continuous margin" in enamel was significantly (p < 0.05; unpaired t-test) better than that of the compomer. SIGNIFICANCE: The results indicated that the ultrastructure of the adhesive interface allowed no clear conclusions to be drawn as to the quality of marginal adaptation.

Compomers↗
PubMed1980

Isolation and partial characterization of a porcine parotid hormone that stimulates dentinal fluid transport.

A parotid hormone (PH-A beta) has been isolated and purified from porcine parotid glands. The biological effect of the hormone is the stimulation of a dentinal fluid transport (DFT) in molar teeth of rats. The method for purifying the PH-A beta includes: extraction at pH 7 and 5, ultrafiltration through Amicon membranes, ion exchange chromatography on carboxymethyl cellulose, gel filtration on Sephadex G-50, and preparative electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. The PH-A beta is characterized as a glycoprotein having a molecular weight of 8100 and containing 2% hexose. The amino acid composition suggests a molecule rich in glycine (46%) and proline (27.7%). Alanine, glutamic acid, arginine, serine, aspartic acid, leucine, and lysine account for the remaining 26% of the residues. The isoelectric point is pH 7.50. The partial N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined to be: NH2-Ala-Pro-Pro-Gly-Ala-Arg-Pro-Pro-Pro-Gly-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro-Pro-(Glu)-(Pro)-?-(Pro)-(Pro)-Arg-(Pro)-(Pro)-(Pro)-Gly-(Gly)-(Gly). A 5.5 X 10(7)-fold increase in DFT activity has been achieved relative to the crude gland extract. As little as 9.7 pg PH-A beta are effective in stimulating DFT. The significance of the PH-A beta appears to be the maintenance of a functional DFT within teeth to allow the avascular dental tissues to meet their high metabolic requirements.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of infusing selected chemical compounds on dentinal fluid movement in the rat.

Intra-arterial infusion of carbamyl phosphate or of carbamyl-DL-aspartic acid into rats on a cariogenic diet greatly stimulated the movement of fluid through the odontoblastic processes. The infusion of sodium cyanate also stimulated fluid movement. Guanidine HCL and L-asparagine were active at higher concentrations. Purifying the urea on a mixed-bed ion exchange resin virtually removed its stimulatory effect on dentinal fluid movement. The action of urea is apparently attributable to contamination with sodium cyanate.

Acriflavine↗
PubMed1997

Effects of Nd: and Ho:yttrium-aluminium-garnet lasers on human dentine fluid flow and dental pulp-chamber temperature in vitro.

Dentine specimens were prepared from freshly extracted third molars and initial permeability measured. Each specimen was subjected to Nd:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (YAG) (1.06 or 1.32 microns wavelength) or Ho:YAG (2.10 microns wavelength) laser energy while temperatures in the pulp chambers were recorded. Permeability was again measured and the surfaces examined by scanning electron microscopy. Six crown segments were used for each laser variable and eight permeability measurements were taken before and eight after laser exposure, while temperature was recorded during treatment. All wavelengths reduced permeability but temperature rises were high enough to have caused pulpal damage, indicating that shorter treatment times and lower power settings may be necessary if used in vivo.

Aluminum Silicates↗
PubMed1995

Dentinal fluid dynamics in human teeth, in vivo.

Cavities were prepared in human premolars scheduled for extraction for orthodontic reasons. The smear layer was removed from the dentin surface by acid etching, and the cavity was sealed using a hollow chamber. The chamber was filled with sterile saline solution and connected via tubing to a hydraulic circuit featuring an adjustable pressure reservoir and a device that measures fluid movement across dentin. In the absence of any exogenous pressure, all cavities exhibited an outward fluid flow rate of 0.36 microliters min-1 cm-2. As exogenous pressure was applied to the cavity, the outward flow slowed. The exogenous pressure that stopped outward fluid flow was taken to be equal to normal pulpal tissue pressure. The mean value was 14.1 cm H2O in five teeth. This simple method permits measurement of dentinal fluid flux, the hydraulic conductance of dentin, and estimates pulpal tissue pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the in vitro permeability of human dentine according to the dentinal region and the composition of the simulated dentinal fluid.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the permeability of the occlusal and the cervical dentinal regions within the same tooth, which represent the bottom of Class I and V cavities, respectively, with two different compositions of perfusion fluid, in vitro. METHODS: An occlusal and a buccal disc were cut from each extracted third molar at a level close to the pulp chamber. The convective permeability of the discs was measured in a fluid transport model using de-ionised water or 1:3 diluted bovine serum and the hydraulic conductance was determined. RESULTS: The mean hydraulic conductance values of the occlusal and the buccal cervical human dentine to water were 0.069 and 0.047 microl min(-1) cm(-2) cm H(2)O(-1), respectively. When diluted bovine serum was used, the corresponding values were 0.036 and 0.012 microl min(-1) cm(-2) cm H(2)O(-1), respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between the permeability of these two regions. The composition of the perfusion fluid significantly influenced the permeability of dentine. CONCLUSIONS: The occlusal and the buccal cervical regions of human dentine have similar permeability characteristics in vitro. There is a strong reverse correlation between the viscosity of the perfusion fluid and the perfusion through the dentine.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Self-contamination of deep dentin by dentin fluid.

PURPOSE: To compare, with the use of a resin replica technique, surface features of deep, acid-conditioned dentin from vital human molars that were anesthetized with an anesthetic: Group 1: without a vasoconstrictor (Mepivacaine 3%), and Group 2: containing a vasoconstrictor (Lidocaine 2% with 1:80,000 epinephrine). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 10 Class I cavities with dentin caries were included in each group. Following complete caries removal, a total-etch technique was performed with 32% phosphoric acid (Uni-Etch) for 15 s. After rinsing, each cavity was air-dried for 1 s, then a slow setting vinyl polysiloxane (President) impression was taken. As a control, impressions were taken from three additional cavities in teeth that were anesthetized with Mepivacaine 3% but not acid etched. A TEM-grade epoxy resin was used to prepare replicas from the impressions. Polymerized replicas were coated with gold and examined with a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: In Group 1, fluid was visible leaving tubular orifices in all replicas. In addition, three were covered with a smooth, amorphous film that was different from the granular appearance of the smear layer in the control cavities. In Group 2, patent tubular orifices without fluid were observed in all specimens. Odontoblast process-like structures were seen from some dentin tubules.

Acid Etching, Dental↗