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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Digital dermatoglyphic patterns of Eskimo and Amerindian populations: relationships between geographic, dermatoglyphic, genetic, and linguistic distances.

Dermatoglyphic traits have been used to assess population affinities and structure. Here, we describe the digital patterns of four Eskimo populations from Alaska: two Yupik-speaking villages from St. Lawrence Island and two Inupik groups presently residing on mainland Alaska. For a broader evolutionary perspective, these four Eskimo populations are compared to other Inuit groups, to North American Indian populations, and to Siberian aggregates. The genetic structures of 18 New and Old World populations were explored using R-matrix plots and Wright's FST values. The relationships between dermatoglyphic, blood genetic, geographic, and linguistic distances were assessed by comparing matrices through Mantel correlations and through partial and multiple correlations. Statistically significant relationships between dermatoglyphics and genetics, genetics and geography, and geography and language were revealed. In addition, significant correlations between dermatoglyphics and geography, with linguistic variation constant, were noted for females but not for males. These results attest to the usefulness of dermatoglyphics in resolving various evolutionary questions concerning normal human variation.

Alaska↗
PubMed1979

Quantitative analysis of dermatoglyphics. (2) Dermatoglyphic patterns.

Using medical students as controls, we devised a method of quantitative analysis of dermatoglyphic patterns. We calculated the frequency of appearance of each of the patterns and obtained the probability of occurrence of the dermatoglyphics of each of the controls. We showed usefulness of this method by presenting some examples of congenital anomalies where this has been put to use. Furthermore, patients with congential heart disease were compared with controls by this method.

Dermatoglyphics↗
PubMed1978

Genetical distance and dermatoglyphic characters. III. Dermatoglyphic distances within twin pairs, between left and right sides and between normals and 21-trisomics.

The dermatoglyphic (genetical) distance coefficients have been estimated within monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs, between left and right sides of the same individual and between normal subjects and 21-trisomics. All the coefficients have been based, in turn, on frequencies of fingertip, palmar and sole pattern elements, separately and for all characters combined. Quantitative variables (pattern intensities) have also been used for independent evaluation of the C2H distance coefficient in monozygotic and dizygotic twins, and in 21-trisomics as compared with normal individuals. The values of a distance have then been considered in relation to the degree of genetical likeness between the compared items as well as to the relative contribution of each pattern combination to the overall value of a distance. Some limitations in the interpretation of the results, connected mainly with statistical procedures, are also discussed.

Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y↗
PubMed1991

Clinical aspects of dermatoglyphics.

As demonstrated above, considerable progress has been made in the understanding of the associations between dermatoglyphics and various medical disorders, as a result of which dermatoglyphic analysis has been established as a useful diagnostic and research tool in medicine, providing important insights into the inheritance and embryologic development of many studied clinical disorders. Many unanswered questions and misconceptions still remain, though. Further well-designed investigations, avoiding the pitfalls of many earlier studies, will be needed to reevaluate some of the existing claims and to determine the real value of dermatoglyphics in medicine. The benefits of a dermatoglyphic examination in individual patients in clinical genetic practice are clear; a more widespread application of this tool by clinical geneticists and pediatricians should be encouraged. Embryologic and experimental dermatoglyphic studies clearly hold a considerable potential for a better understanding of the factors influencing the development of the epidermal ridge patterns. Utilized together with newly developed methods and insights gained in recent studies of other aspects of dermatoglyphics, they should significantly advance the studies of the relationship between dermatoglyphic variation and medical disorders.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1975

The dermatoglyphics of the Elema people from the Gulf District of Papua New Guinea.

The present report deals with the digital and palmar dermatoglyphics of the Elema peoples from the Gulf District of Papua New Guinea. The samples involved 91 males and 134 females from the areas of Iokea, Sepoe and Karama. The Elema dermatoglyphics, compared to those of other peoples in New Guinea, were found to have a high pattern intensity index and frequency of whorls, and the highest frequency of ulnar type C line, complete simian creases and patterns in the IV interdigital areas of the palms. On the other hand, their 11/7 ratio of the D line, the main line index, and the frequencies of patterns in the hypothenar, thenar/I and II interdigital areas were lower than most other groups on the island; they also have the lowest R/U ratio. All dermatoglyphic features considered, the frequencies in the Elema group were for the most part found to be near the extremes of the range of the dermatoglyphic frequency distributions in New Guinea populations. The dermatoglyphic distributions of New Guinea as a whole are discussed in terms of those of the other Australian populations with comments on the dermatoglyphic comparisons between the Australasians and the other major human groups, Amerindians, Orientals, Asian Indian, Caucasians and Negroes.

Asian People↗
PubMed1975

The dermatoglyphics of American Caucasians.

Digital and palmar dermatoglyphics were collected from 360 male and 360 female seven year old Caucasians from the greater Boston area. All participants were screened and found to be free of minor anomalies or chronic diseases. All individuals with I. Q. scores below 70 were also excluded. The results were presented in such a way as to give information on bilateral symmetry as well as overall frequencies of the various dermatoglyphic features. The results were compared with those of the corresponding sample of seven year old normal male and female Negroes of the accompanying report. A review of the distribution of the dermatoglyphic features in different Caucasian populations has also been presented and the overall dermatoglyphics of the Caucasians were discussed in reference to the distribution of the same features in the other major "racial" groups. The method of collection and selection of the subjects, described in the text, makes this set of data unique and one of the most suitable for use as controls in studying the dermatoglyphics of the individuals with diseases or congenital anomalies.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1992

Dermatoglyphic variation among Finno-Ugric speaking populations: methodological alternatives.

Utilization of dermatoglyphics for population studies is apparently increasing, but methods vary widely among investigators. We investigate how different types of dermatoglyphic data can affect estimates of biological distance among Finno-Ugric speaking populations. Dermatoglyphic distances were calculated using the following categories of traits: 1) Finger ridge-counts (radial and ulnar count for each digit), 2) finger ridge-counts (largest count for each digit), 3) finger pattern types, 4) palm ridge-counts, 5) palm patterns, and 6) main-line terminations. In addition, we compare our distances with those of Heet, which rely heavily on summary characters. Distances are evaluated by comparing them to each other and to language and geographic distances. There is considerable variation in the pattern of relationships resulting from the different variable sets. Finger variables, whether ridge-counts or pattern classifications, agree well with each other. Palm patterns, main-lines, and finger variables show moderate agreement with each other, while palm ridge-counts agree poorly with all variable sets except main-lines. Heet's distances agree poorly with all other dermatoglyphic distances. Finger patterns and main-lines are most closely related to language distances, after controlling for geography, while correlations with geography generally disappear after controlling for language. Heet's distances have weak associations with language and geography. Finger variables and palm main-lines yield results which agree best with historical relationships among Finno-Ugric populations. Our results make it very clear that utilization of dermatoglyphics in population studies requires careful consideration of methods, and that summary measures of quantitative or qualitative data should be used with caution.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1978

Dermatoglyphics and aging.

The objectives of the present study were to compare the frequencies of various dermatoglyphic features among male adults of four different age groups (30-44 years of age, 45-59, 60-74, and 75 years of age and older) and to compare the dermatoglyphic frequencies of a sample of normal 7-year-old males with those of each of the four adult groups. The results indicated that, for the most part, the four adult groups had very similar dermatoglyphic frequencies. The dermatoglyphics of the 7-year-olds were also found to be very similar to those of the 30- to 44-year-old adults; however, they showed, progressively, more significant dermatoglyphic differences as they were compared with succeedingly older age groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Dermatoglyphic alterations associated with acute rheumatic fever in children.

The dermatoglyphic configurations of 78 children with acute rheumatic fever were compared with those of 46 first-degree relatives and 1,310 normal subjects. Of the children with acute rheumatic fever, 75% had an ulnar deviation of the axial triradius. In about 40% of this group, the ulnar deviation was associated with a concomitant distal displacement, which resulted in a significantly higher mean maximal angle atd (P less than .001) and significantly lower mean ab and td ridge counts (P less than .001) relative to normal control values. The palmar dermatoglyphics of patients with acute rheumatic fever were more closely related to the configurations of first-degree relatives than to normal controls. The dermatoglyphic profiles of six patients were nearly identical to those of their first-degree relatives, all of whom had a history of acute rheumatic fever. Presence of abnormal dermatoglyphic profiles in a large proportion of children with acute rheumatic fever supports the hypothesis that certain individuals have a genetic predisposition to this disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Dermatoglyphic investigations in twins and siblings.

The present report describes the preliminary results of an extensive dermatoglyphic investigation among 491 pairs of MZ and DZ twins, and sibs of both sexes. Paired homolateral comparisons were performed for the determination of the degree of discordance for each dermatoglyphic trait and the results were presented in a series of histograms. Some of the outstanding points brought forth by this study are: (1) different dermatoglyphic traits at different digits or palmar areas have different degrees of discordance; (2) in MZ twins the frequency of discordance for each trait is constant regardless of sex or laterality, whereas in DZ twins and sibs both sex and lateral differences are observed; (3) the higher number of significant differences in concordance between the MZ twins vs. sibs than between MZ vs. DZ twins suggests that, at least in the female, the dermatoglyphics may be affected by changing intrauterine environments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Dermatoglyphic patterns in trisomy 8 syndrome.

Up to the present, 38 cases of trisomy 8 have been found. As most of the patients showed mosaicism, the clinical picture is variable and it seems possible that some mosaics will not be detected by the usual cytogenetic examination of blood cultures. We therefore examined the dermatoglyphics of our own case and compared the results with the findings in the other cases reported in the literature, in order to establish a typical dermatoglyphic pattern in trisomy 8 which might be useful in diagnosis. All patients exhibited several unusual dermatoglyphics, including: a low TFRC (x=96.06), high palmar (92.9%) and plantar (100%) pattern intensity, a distally placed axial triradius (62.5%), loop with accessory triradius in an interdigital area (91.7%), thenar (68.2%) and hypothenar (50.0%) patterns, simian crease (47.1%), bilateral arches on the great toes (88.9%) and hallucal-whorl (72.2%). A distinctive feature was the presence of zygodactylous triradii z, z' and z'' (100%) on the soles of the feet, and deep skin furrows on the palms and soles (68.2%). This combination of dermatoglyphic features appears to be characteristic for the trisomy 8 syndrome.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

The dermatoglyphic pattern of the trisomy 9p syndrome.

This paper shows that the study of dermatoglyphics is an objective aid in the clinical diagnosis of chromosomal dysmorphic syndromes. The dermatologlyphic patterns of four patients with trisomy 9p were analyzed and compared with dermatoglyphic data from 63 published case reports on the condition. We consider that the following traits constitute the combination of dermatoglyphic patterns that is specific to trisomy 9p: an excess of arches on the fingertips and toes, a low total finger ridge count, the absence of digital triradii b and c, and the presence of zygodactylous triradii z, z' and z'', a simian crease, a single crease on the 5th finger, a hypothenar crease, a distally placed axial triradius t', a proximal or tibial arch or both on the hallux, and increased intensity of the plantar patterns. A "phantom picture" is constructed, which can be used for dermatoglyphic diagnosis of the trisomy 9p syndrome.

Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dermatoglyphics in sudden infant death syndrome.

An analysis of digital and palmar dermatoglyphic patterns was conducted in 173 victims of the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The results expose four dermatoglyphic regions with pattern frequencies differing from those in a control population. These are an excess of Sydney creases, hypothenar patterns, open fields (with fewer vestiges) in interdigital region IV, and arches on all digits (females only). These findings indicate a genetic or early intrauterine environmental influence in SIDS infants. An increased incidence of dysmorphism and anomalies including recognition of specific syndromes support this contention. One could speculate that these dermatoglyphic deviations reflect specific genotypes and/or phenotypes particularly vulnerable to postnatal challenges. Differences in multiple dermatoglyphic categories support the concept of heterogeneity of the SIDS population and multicausality of SIDS.

Boston↗
PubMed1975

Dermatoglyphics of schizophrenics, patients with Down's syndrome and mentally retarded males as compared with Australian Europeans using multivariate statistics.

Dermatoglyphics of schizophrenics, patients with Down's syndrome and mentally retarded males were compared with those of normal Australian Europeans. A computer programme of multivariate analysis of fifteen dermatoglyphic features was utilized. This analysis produces two significant variates of each of the populations plotted in two-dimensional space. The distance, measured in arbitrary units, between any two populations was studied for its significance. It was noticed that the patients with Down's syndrome separated significantly from the rest of the groups. The importance of multivariate analysis in the study of dermatoglyphics in comparing two or more populations is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A comparative dermatoglyphic study of autistic, retarded, and normal children.

Dermatoglyphic comparisons were made among 32 autistic children aged from 4-10 to 18-11; sex-, age-, and IQ-matched retarded children; and sex- and age-matched normal children. Significant differences were found between the autistic and normal children for distribution of dermal patterns and ridge line disruption, but no significant differences were found for the total mean ridge counts or mean ridge count rankings. Apart from the right hand of the autistic children, there were no unusual scores for digital dispersion ratios. Autistic and retarded children differed only in their distribution of dermal patterns, with the autistic children apparently intermediate between retarded and normal groups. These results indicate that conclusions of unique congenital disturbance in the etiology of autism inferred from different dermatoglyphics may be premature, and that dermatoglyphics may be ineffective in delineating autistic children from other atypical populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Sex differences and bilateral asymmetry in dermatoglyphic pattern elements on the fingertips.

In the present paper, 539 Polish families and 999 individuals (515 males and 484 females) were analysed to determine whether asymmetry of dermatoglyphic patter elements on the fingertips of ulnar and radial loops in genetically controlled. And we enquire whether the body is bilaterally asymmetrical. We have found the asymmetry between right and left hand fingertips for ulnar and radial loops, for each digit and between the two sexes. The differences between the sexes is small. The bimanual difference in dermatoglyphic pattern elements between hands, right minus left, has been used as a measure of asymmetry. The mean and variance difference for males is not significantly different from the mean and variance for females. An investigation was also made of correlations between relatives for bimanual differences, right minus left. We may conclude from these results that the asymmetry of dermatoglphic pattern elements on fingertips of ulnar and radial loops has little hereditary component. Finally, the results of this work show that the dermatoglyphic pattern elements on fingertips of ulnar and radial loops on each side of the body are inherited.

Dermatoglyphics↗