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PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of enteropathogens in infantile diarrhea in a study performed in the city of Posadas, Misiones, República Argentina.

The following work informs of the results of isolation, frequency and distribution of enteropathogens in children under five years old, without previous antibiotic treatment, less than seven days with diarrhoea, ambulatory or in Hospital "Dr. Ramón Madariaga" de Posadas, Misiones, República Argentina, from June 1986 to May 1989. From a total of 972 children with diarrhoea, 78% required to be hospitalized. The greatest number of cases were found during spring and summer in children from 1 to 11 months of age. Distribution of the main enteropathogens was: enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) (29.4%), parasites (22%), Shigella (16.3%), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (14%) and rotavirus (12.9%). Highest incidence of rotavirus was registered in the coldest months and Shigella, ETEC, Salmonella and parasites in the warm months. The group of most affected children were from 1 to 11 months of age, with higher incidence of EPEC, Salmonella and rotavirus, and parasites were found in older children. ETEC and Shigella had no relationship with the age of children. The most frequent association was EPEC with rotavirus. This is the first finding of Salmonella zaiman in humans and of Salmonella hadar in Argentina. Cryptosporidium, etiological agent of serious diarrhoea in the immunocompetent, was isolated in 3.9% of our cases.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

[Infantile diarrhea and rotavirus (author's transl)].

The acute and convalescent sera of 328 children with acute enteritis were checked with the bovine diarrhea virus as antigen in complement fixation test. 13% had a seroconversion. Some cases were associated with skin rashes or signs of respiratory infection.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Balance technic in the syndrome of infantile diarrhea].

Ninety-six infants were studied with water balance technique at the Infant Unit of Hospital Roberto del Río, Santiago de Chile. Sixty-eight with acute diarrhoea and twenty-eight with protracted diarrhoea associated to carbohydrate intolerance. Total water losses in most of them were in the range of 150 to 225 ml/kg day. Stool loses were in the range of 25 to 75 gm/kg/day, with humidity percentage varing from 97.4 to 92.5%. In patients with acute diarrhoea, stool losses and humidity percentage showed slight decreasing tendency in the following balances. By contrast, those with protracted diarrhoea showed a definite decreasing tendency in both parameters. Most infants showed a urinary output in the range of 20 to 80 ml/kg/day. Ten percent showed oliguria. Polyuria was observed occasionally. Insensible water losses were in the range of 50 to 80 ml/kg/day. Most patients showed weight gain of 0.1 to 5.0% in the first balance. Stool acidity and presence of reductant substances (tested by positivity of Fehling reaction) were found in 24% of infants with acute diarrhoea in the first balance. Sodium concentration in stools varied from 40 to 70 mEq/l; and potassium varied between 20 and 40 mEq/l. Bacterial pathogens were isolated in 64% of patients with acute diarrhoea; most of them E. coli enteropathogenic.

Dehydration↗