SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Dogs”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Serial thyroid hormone concentrations in healthy euthyroid dogs, dogs with hypothyroidism, and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis.

Serum thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined every 3 h for 12 h beginning at 8 a.m. in 20 healthy euthyroid dogs, 19 dogs with hypothyroidism, and 18 euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis. Status of thyroid function was based on history, physical findings, results of thyrotropin response testing, and requirement for thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Mean serum T4 and T3 concentrations did not vary significantly between blood samplings within each of the three groups of dogs. Between groups of dogs, mean serum T4 concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) higher at each blood sampling time in healthy euthyroid dogs and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis when compared to dogs with hypothyroidism. There was no significant difference in mean serum T4 concentration at any blood sampling time between healthy euthyroid dogs and euthyroid dogs with atopic dermatitis or in mean serum T3 concentrations at any blood sampling time between any of the three groups of dogs. Random fluctuation in serum T4 and T3 concentrations was found in dogs in all three groups. Random fluctuations were more common with serum T3 versus T4 concentrations. Consequently, sensitivity (0.88 versus 0.52), specificity (0.73 versus 0.45), predictive value for a positive test (0.75 versus 0.32), predictive value for a negative test (0.87 versus 0.65), and accuracy (0.80 versus 0.47) were better for serum T4 concentration than serum T3 concentration, respectively, when all blood samples were analysed. Measurement of serum T4 concentration was more accurate than serum T3 concentration in assessing the status of thyroid gland function.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Serum free thyroxine concentration in healthy dogs, dogs with hypothyroidism, and euthyroid dogs with concurrent illness.

Serum free thyroxine (fT4), thyroxine (T4), and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were determined in 62 healthy dogs, 51 dogs with hypothyroidism, and 59 euthyroid dogs with concurrent dermatopathy or concurrent illness for which hypothyroidism was a diagnostic consideration. Status of thyroid function was based on history, physical findings, results of thyrotropin response testing, requirement for thyroid hormone replacement therapy, and in 31 dogs, on results of histologic examination of a thyroid gland biopsy specimen. Serum fT4 concentration was determined, using a single-stage radioimmunoassay. Mean (+/- SD) serum fT4 concentration was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater in healthy dogs vs dogs with hypothyroidism (0.51 +/- 0.27 ng/dl vs 0.10 +/- 0.07 ng/dl). Significant difference in mean serum fT4 concentration was not evident between dogs with hypothyroidism and euthyroid dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (0.16 +/- 0.13 ng/dl) or peripheral neuropathy (0.19 +/- 0.10 ng/dl). Mean serum fT4 concentration in all other groups of euthyroid dogs with concurrent illness was similar to values in healthy dogs and was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater, compared with values in dogs with hypothyroidism. Similar results were found for mean serum T4 concentration. Comparison of serum fT4 vs T4 concentration revealed: sensitivity, 0.97 vs 0.98; specificity, 0.78 vs 0.73; predictive value for a positive test result, 0.79 vs 0.80; predictive value for a negative test result, 0.97 vs 0.97; and accuracy, 0.78 vs 0.86, respectively. Ten (17%) and 12 (20%) of 59 serum fT4 and T4 concentrations, respectively, were inappropriately low in euthyroid dogs with concurrent illness.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗

PubMed1992

Production of anti-NC1 antibody by affected male dogs with X-linked hereditary nephritis: a probe for assessing the NC1 domain of collagen type IV in dogs and humans with hereditary nephritis.

Some patients with hereditary nephritis (HN) who have received a renal transplant have been shown to form antibody with specificity for the NC1 domain of collagen type IV, a major constituent of glomerular basement membranes (GBM). We attempted to duplicate this phenomenon in a family of dogs with X-linked HN, a model for human X-linked HN, by immunizing affected male dogs with normal dog NC1 domain. A collagenase digest was prepared from normal dog GBM, the NC1 domain was separated into dimer (approximately 50 kDa) and monomer (24 kDa and 26 kDa) components by SDS-PAGE, and injected into two affected male dogs. Antisera obtained from both dogs contained antibody which reacted with the NC1 domain of dog and human GBM by a plate-binding radioimmunoassay, bound to the dimer and 26 kDa monomer bands by Western blotting, and staining dog and human GBM by immunofluorescence (IF). The affected male dog antiserum reacted equally by radioimmunoassay with the NC1 domain isolated from GBM of unaffected, affected male, and carrier female dogs in the family with X-linked HN, and bound by Western blotting to dimers and the 26 kDa monomer band of the NC1 domain of GBM in each group of dogs. However, the affected male dog antiserum differentiated these dogs by IF; it produced global staining of GBM of unaffected dogs, failed to stain GBM of affected male dogs, and produced segmental staining of GBM of carrier female dogs. Absorption of the affected male dog antiserum with normal dog NC1 domain eliminated the staining of dog GBM by IF, whereas staining persisted after absorption with affected male dog NC1 domain. The abnormal staining patterns of GBM seen by IF in the affected male and carrier female dogs and the results of the absorption studies imply an abnormality of one or more determinants in the 26 kDa monomer band of the NC1 domain of their GBM. Amino acid sequencing of this band identified the alpha 1(IV) chain of collagen type IV, a finding that has implications for the pathogenesis of canine X-linked HN. Absent and segmental staining respectively were also seen by IF in GBM of a male and female patient with HN, using the affected male dog antiserum. Thus, the results obtained in affected male and carrier female dogs with X-linked HN may also be relevant to patients with this disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1992

Origins of fear of dogs in adults and children: the role of conditioning processes and prior familiarity with dogs.

One hundred adults and 30 children completed questionnaires to investigate fear of dogs. Dog fearful adults asked to recall the origins of their fear reported classical conditioning experiences more frequently than vicarious acquisition or informational transmission. Overall, however, there was no difference in the frequency of attacks reported by the fearful and non-fearful groups. Significantly more fearful than non-fearful adults reported little contact with dogs prior to the onset of their fear which suggests that early non-eventful exposure to dogs may prevent a conditioning event from producing a dog phobia. Most adults reported that their fear began in childhood, and dog fear were more frequently reported by children than by adults. In the aggregate, however, dog-fearful adults and children differed in several ways; children were more likely than adults to report having received warnings about dogs, but also to recognize the potential attractiveness of a friendly dog. Unlike dog-fearful children, dog-fearful adults reported many other fears in addition to their fear of dogs. A better understanding of fear of dogs in adults may depend on discovering why some dog-fearful children, but not others, apparently lose their fear of dogs as they become older.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1992

Lymphoscintigraphy in healthy dogs and dogs with experimentally created thoracic duct abnormalities.

Lymphoscintigraphic evaluation of the thoracic duct (TD) was performed in 10 healthy and 12 dogs with experimentally created TD abnormalities (6 dogs with TD lacerations and 6 dogs with cranial vena ligations). Complete imaging took 4 hours and caused no adverse effects or complications. Lymphoscintigraphy of healthy dogs failed to image the TD; however, background activity in the abdomen and thorax, and radioactivity in the kidneys, bladder, liver, and heart were noticed. Lacerations and transections of the TD were experimentally created in 6 dogs to ascertain whether TD rupture could be detected with lymphoscintigraphy. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed within 48 hours of creating the TD defect. There was no significant difference in the scintigraphic pattern of healthy dogs and those with experimentally created TD defects. Ligation of the cranial vena cava was performed in 6 dogs; 3 dogs developed chylothorax. In those 3 dogs, diffuse radioactivity was imaged in the thorax and was compatible with thoracic lymphangiectasia. In one of these dogs, linear activity consistent with the TD and localized regions of radioactivity cranial to the heart (compatible with the mediastinal lymph nodes) were noticed. Lymphoscintigraphic findings in these dogs correlated with lymphangiographic findings.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Pathology of acute graft-versus-host disease in the dog. An autopsy study of ninety-five dogs.

The morphology of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in canine radiation chimeras was studied by examination of autopsy tissue from 95 dogs including: 1) 13 healthy, untreated dogs; 2) 9 dogs given 1200 R total body irradiation and no marrow infusion; 3) 17 dogs given 1200 R and autologous marrow infusion; 4) 25 dogs given 1200 R and hemopoietic cells from dog-leukocyte-antigen (DLA)--identical littermates; and 5) 31 dogs given 1200 R and nonidentical DLA hemopoietic cells. Some of the dogs in Groups 3--5 received a postgrafting methotrexate (MTX) regimen of 0.25--0.5 mg/kg body weight on Days 1, 3, 6, and 11 and once weekly until Day 102. Prominent lesions were found in the small and large intestines, skin, and liver of dogs with allogeneic grafts. Skin lesions consisted of lymphocytic infiltrates of epidermis with necrosis of basal epidermal cells progressing to denudation. Gut lesions consisted of mucosal destruction progressing from crypt abscess formation to denudation. Liver lesions consisted of portal triaditis, plasmacytic and lymphocytic infiltrates, necorsis and atypia of small bile ducts, and scattered individual hepatocyte necrosis. These lesions were differentiated from changes caused by irradiation and MTX and were deemed characteristic of GVHD. The overall severity of GVHD lesions was less in the identical DLA group than in the nonidentical DLA group, and also less in dogs treated with MTX than in those not given MTX. The degree of lymphoid depletion in the lymph nodes, spleen, and intestinal lymphoid tissue was very similar in dogs with autologous and allogeneic grafts at comparable survival times. No specific evidence of pancreatic or renal involvement in GVHD was discovered.

Animals↗

PubMed2025

Ancient dog mitogenomes support the dual dispersal of dogs and agriculture into South America.

Archaeological and palaeogenomic data show that dogs were the only domestic animals introduced during the early peopling of the Americas. Hunter-gatherer groups spread quickly towards the south of the continent, but it is unclear when dogs reached Central and South America. To address this issue, we generated and analysed 70 complete mitochondrial genomes from archaeological and modern dogs ranging from Central Mexico to Central Chile and Argentina, revealing the dynamics of dog populations. Our results demonstrate that pre-contact Central and South American dogs are all assigned to a specific clade that diverged after dogs entered North America. Specifically, the divergence time between North, Central and South American dog clades is consistent with the spread of agriculture and the adoption of maize in South America between 7000 and 5000 years ago. An isolation-by-distance best characterizes how dogs expanded into South America. We identify the arrival of new lineages of dogs in post-contact South America, likely of European origin, and their legacy in modern village dogs. Interestingly, the pre-contact Mesoamerican maternal origin of the Chihuahua has persisted in some modern individuals.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Dog bites in the sledge-dog districts of Greenland].

Serious attacks on humans by dogs occur every year in Greenland. As prophylactic measures, cutting of dogs canine teeth and chaining of sledge dogs have been compulsory for many years. The significance of cutting of canine teeth and municipal regulations concerning keeping the sledge dogs in Greenland was evaluated in a retrospective study of the death certificates and the nosocomial reports. A total of twenty-two dog bite-related fatalities from 1967 through 1989 and 23 hospitalized patients following dog attacks from 1986 through 1988 in a population of 15,000 inhabitants and 29,000 dogs was studied. In only two of the killed and four of the hospitalized persons, reports of intact canine teeth as demonstrated by the typical lesions were available. However, the severe cut-out wounds in 14 survivors and twenty fatalities with great loss of tissue indicated intact canine teeth of the dogs. Unchained dogs were most frequently involved, but at least four fatalities and one severely injured person were caused by chained dogs. 87% (39/45) of the victims were under ten years of age, so future intervention should primarily involve this group despite a declining mortality rate since the mid-seventies. Small children should be escorted by adults out-of-doors and first aid education of laymen ought to have a higher priority because half of the killed children were still alive, on arrival in hospital. Infants and toddlers should be carried in an amaat, a special rucksack well known in the Eskimo culture and still used in Eskimo Canada, or alternatively rucksacks mounted on a tubular frame of aluminium.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Assay for the major dog allergen, Can f I: investigation of house dust samples and commercial dog extracts.

Monospecific rabbit antibodies were used to develop a sensitive two-site enzyme immunoassay to measure a major dog hair and dander allergen, Can f I. This Can f I assay demonstrated no reaction with 17 heterologous allergen sources, including dog albumin, cat, guinea pig, and horse. Analysis of serial dilutions of purified Can f I and the international standard for dog was parallel. The assay was considered specific for Can f I with a lower limit of detection at 0.03 micrograms/ml. Total imprecision was from 2% to 6%. Commercial dog extracts for specific immunotherapy contained from 0.7 to 290 micrograms of Can f I per milliliter. The assay was used to measure Can f I in 136 house dust samples collected from 103 homes across the United States. Concentration of the dog allergen was expressed as micrograms of Can f I per gram of dust. Prevalence of Can f I in the dust samples ranged from less than 0.3 to 10,000 micrograms/gm. Serial dilutions of samples containing Can f I were parallel to the standard. The median Can f I value for homes with a dog in residence was 120 micrograms/gm, and for homes with no dog, 3 micrograms/gm. With few exceptions, homes with no dog in residence had less than 10 micrograms/gm. This Can f I assay will provide useful information for assessing commercial extracts as well as monitoring dog-allergen exposure and allergen-control methods.

Allergens↗

PubMed1992

Gastric emptying of nondigestible radiopaque markers after circumcostal gastropexy in clinically normal dogs and dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus.

Using radiopaque particles mixed with food, gastric emptying was assessed in healthy dogs not subjected to surgery, in healthy dogs 9 to 35 days after circumcostal gastropexy, and, in dogs 1 to 54 months after surgical treatment and recovery from gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV). Circumcostal gastropexy surgery did not alter the 90% gastric emptying time for radiopaque particles in healthy dogs. However, 90% gastric emptying time was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased after circumcostal gastropexy in dogs with GDV, compared with healthy dogs after the same surgical procedure and recovery period. These results imply that dogs with GDV have delayed gastric emptying of solid particles. Whether delayed gastric emptying of markers detected in affected dogs after surgical treatment and recovery was the result or the cause of GDV was not determined. Results indicate that circumcostal gastropexy could be recommended as a prophylactic procedure for GDV in large breeds with deep thorax, because delayed gastric emptying of markers secondary to the surgical procedure is unlikely.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Effects of single-dose L-asparaginase on coagulation values in healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma.

Ten healthy dogs and 10 dogs with multicentric lymphoma were given a single dose of L-asparaginase at a rate of 10,000 IU/m2 of body surface. Assessment of concentrations of contributors to the coagulation process and of the ability to coagulate including antithrombin III, one-stage prothrombin time, prothrombin-proconvertin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, plasminogen, fibrinogen, and platelet number were performed prior to drug administration (day 0). These tests were repeated 24 hours (day 1), 48 hours (day 2), and 7 days after treatment with L-asparaginase. Antithrombin-III concentrations were significantly lower in the dogs with lymphoma than in healthy dogs on days 0, 1, 2, and 7; however, with the exception of day 1, mean values remained within normal limits. There was also a difference between the 2 groups in prothrombin/proconvertin values on day 7 and in platelet number on day 2, with the lymphoma group having significantly shorter prothrombin/proconvertin time than healthy dogs, and the difference in platelet numbers being associated with increased counts in the healthy dogs. Data obtained from the healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma for each coagulation test were pooled for each treatment day (0, 1, 2, and 7), and day-0 values for each coagulation test were compared with data obtained on days 1, 2, and 7. Antithrombin-III concentration on day 7 was significantly lower than on day 0, prothrombin/proconvertin time on day 1 was significantly longer than on day 0, and fibrinogen concentrations on days 1 and 2 were significantly lower than on day 0.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Lipids and lipoproteins in normal dogs and in dogs with secondary hyperlipoproteinemia.

Concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglyceride, and free glycerol were neasured, and serum lipoprotein electrophoresis was performed in normal dogs and in dogs with hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and acute pancreatitis. Twelve privately owned dogs and 20 Basset Hounds from a research colony served as normal subjects. Privately owned had higher serum lipid concentrations than did research dogs. On electrophorisis of normal dog serum, lipoprotein bands were detected at the beta, pre-beta, alpha-2, and alpha-1 positions. Hypercholesterolemia was associated with increased intensity of the alpha-2-lipoprotein band, and hypertriglyceridemia occurred with increased lipoprotein at the origin, or the beta or pre-beta positions. Hypothyroid dogs had normal lipid values and lipoprotein electrophoretic patterns, hypercholesterolemia with increased intensity of the alpha-2-lipoprotein band, or hypercholesterolemia and hypertiglyceridemia with prominent beta-, pre-beta, and alpha-2-lipoprotein electrophoretic patterns were changed to near-normal values after levothyroxine administration. Diabetic dogs had increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride content and a predominance of lower density lipoproteins, as detected by electrophoresis. Insulin therapy caused the lipid concentrations to decrease and the electrophoretic pattern to revert to near normal. Dogs with acute pancreatitis had moderately increased serum lipid content and electrophoretic patterns characterized by increased intensity of the beta-lipoprotein band and by altered migration of alpha-1-lipoproteins.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Serum values of amylase and pancreatic lipase in healthy mature dogs and dogs with experimental pancreatitis.

Serum values of amylase and pancreatic lipase were determined by the iodometric and the turbidimetric methods, respectively, in 44 mature healthy dogs and in 8 dogs with experimentally induced pancreatitis (plus 1 sham-operated control). Serum value of amylase in mature healthy dogs varied from 250 to 1,500 Caraway units/dl and that of pancreatic lipase varied from 0 to 50 IU/L. Maximal serum values of amylase and pancreatic lipase in the dogs with experimentally induced pancreatitis varied from 4,540 to 14,000 Caraway units/dl and 325 to 810 IU/L, respectively. Following pancreatic damage, serum values of amylase and pancreatic lipase increased rapidly in the 8 dogs and ran parallel to each other in 6 of the 8 dogs studied. However, the serum value of amylase returned to within normal range earlier than the serum value of pancreatic lipase in 2 dogs; the reverse was true in 2 other dogs.

Amylases↗

PubMed1979

Relationship between lactate and glutamine metabolism in vitro by the kidney: differences between dog and rat and importance of alanine synthesis in the dog.

Interaction between lactate (1 or 5 mM) and glutamine (1 or 5 mM) metabolism was studied with renal cortical slices incubated at a pH of 7.0 and obtained from acidotic (ammonium chloride) dogs and rats. The effect of aminooxyacetate (0.2 mM), dichloroacetate (3 mM), and fluoroacetate (0.05 mM) was also studied. Significant differences were observed between dog and rat. In the dog, lactate had no effect on glutamine uptake and vice versa, but gluconeogenesis increased. Ammonia production, however, decreased by 13 to 21%, whereas a significant increase in alanine production was noted. In the rat, glutamine extraction and ammonia production dropped by 33% with 5 mM lactate. In contrast to the observation in the dog, no production of alanine was noted, but significant accumulation of glutamate took place. Amino-oxyacetate inhibited alanine production in the dog and reestablished ammoniagenesis, and it led to a marked decrement in the uptake of lactate and glucose production in both species. Dichloroacetate in the dog resulted in a reduction in pyruvate, alanine, glucose, and ammonia production while glutamate accumulation was observed. In both species, fluoroacetate stimulated glutamine uptake and ammonia production. With lactate alone, fluoroacetate decreased lactate uptake and glucose production. With both lactate and glutamine in the medium, fluoroacetate prevented any effect of lactate on ammoniagenesis. The present study demonstrates that lactate has a modest depressing effect on renal ammonia production by dog slices through increased synthesis of alanine and redistribution of nitrogen from glutamine. In the rat, the depressing effect of lactate on ammonia production in the alanine amino-transferase deficient kidney occurs through accumulation of glutamate. The data also reveal that oxidation of lactate to carbon dioxide is greater in the dog than it is in the rat, but that gluconeogenesis from lactate is more important in the rat.

Acidosis↗

PubMed1977

Characterization of extract of dog hair and dandruff from six different dog breeds by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis. Identification of allergens by crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE).

An extract of mixed dog hair and dandruff from six different dog breeds (alsatian, boxer, collie, poodle, and long-haired and short-haired dachshund) was obtained by mild extraction, centrifugation, dialysis and freeze-drying. Extract of hair and dandruff from the individual dog breeds was obtained in the same way, but the material was not freeze-dried. Examination and characterization of the mixed extract by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed a precipitation pattern composed of 25 antigens, some of which were mutually partially identical, and a high content of dog serum proteins was found. Quantitative and qualitative differences between the individual dog breeds were demonstrated. Partial identity of the antigens of the mixed extract with antigens of serum, antigens of extracts of hair and dandruff from cat, cow, horse and guinea pig, and antigens from extract of house dust was also observed. By means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis, using sera from 21 patients who were RAST-positive to dog hair and dandruff extract, the specific IgE-binding to antigens of the mixed extract was examined. On the basis of these results major and minor allergens were identified. Dog albumin was found to be a very important major allergen, but alpha1-antitrypsin and gamma-globulin were also identified. Furthermore, four non-serum proteins were shown to be allergens. No breed-specific allergens could be identified in the extracts from the individual dog breeds.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Vascular 5-HT1-like receptors that mediate contraction of the dog isolated saphenous vein and carotid arterial vasoconstriction in anaesthetized dogs are not of the 5-HT1A or 5-HT1D subtype.

1. There is controversy about whether 5-HT1A receptors mediate contraction of isolated cerebral blood vessels. We have therefore compared the vascular actions of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propyl-amino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) with those of the 5-HT1-like receptor agonist, sumatriptan, on the dog isolated saphenous vein, which contains a 5-HT1-like receptor similar to those on cerebral blood vessels, and in the carotid circulation of the anaesthetized dog. 2. 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), sumatriptan and 8-OH-DPAT each caused contraction of dog isolated saphenous vein with a rank order of agonist potency of 5-HT greater than sumatriptan greater than 8-OH-DPAT and EC50 values (95% confidence limits) of 0.06 (0.04-0.08), 0.3 (0.1-0.8) and 3.9 (2.0-7.5) microM respectively. The maximum contractile effect produced by each agonist was similar. 3. The contractile effects of 5-HT, sumatriptan and 8-OH-DPAT in the dog isolated saphenous vein were resistant to antagonism by the 5-HT1A receptor antagonists spiperone, spiroxatrine and pindolol (all 1 microM). The 5-HT1D receptor ligands, metergoline (0.1 microM) rauwolscine (1 microM) and yohimbine (1 microM) had little or no antagonist activity. In contrast, the non-selective 5-HT1-like receptor blocking drug, methiothepin (0.03-0.3 microM) potently antagonized the contractile effects of 5-HT, sumatriptan and 8-OH-DPAT to a similar degree, suggesting that all three agonists act at the same receptor. 4. In ganglion-blocked, anaesthetized dogs, intra-carotid administration of 8-OH-DPAT (0.3-3 pggkg-1) and sumatriptan (0.1l-1 pgkg -), caused dose-dependent carotid arterial vasoconstriction. The two agonists were approximately equipotent in this respect. 5. The carotid arterial vasoconstrictor actions of 8-OH-DPAT and sumatriptan were not modified by spiperone (1 mgkg- , i.v.) but were antagonized to a similar extent by the subsequent administration of methiothepin (1 mgkg- 1, i.v.). 6. These results suggest that 8-OH-DPAT contracts the dog isolated saphenous vein and constricts the carotid arterial circulation of anaesthetized dogs by activation of 5-HT1-like receptors which are not of the 5-HTlA subtype, nor, on the basis of data with metergoline in the dog isolated saphenous vein, of the 5-HTID subtype. The receptor involved in these actions appears to be the same as that mediating the vasoconstrictor effects of sumatriptan. This receptor does not appear to be like any known 5-HT1 ligand binding site; hence the current description, 5-HT1-like, remains the most appropriate.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗

PubMed1976

Effect of acute hemorrhage on gastrin secretion rate and blood levels of gastrin and insulin in normal dogs and in dogs after vagotomy.

Ten dogs were used to study antral gastrin secretion in hemorrhagic shock. Dogs that had a vagotomy were compared with normal dogs. Acute hemorrhage, imposed upon operative stress, produced increased gastrin secretion in normal dogs but not in dogs after vagotomy. During the acute hemorrhage, the level of circulating gastrin in normal dogs increased to about 50 to more than 100 per cent of the control values. The concentration of gastrin in the dogs having a vagotomy was essentially unchanged in the face of acute hemorrhage. Results of this study suggest that the increased concentration of circulating gastrin in normal dogs subjected to severe stress may play a role in the development of a stress ulcer.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

Androgens and estrogens in the plasma and prostatic tissue of normal dogs and dogs with benign prostatic hypertrophy.

The endogenous concentrations of certain androgens and estrogens have been quantified in the plasma and prostatic tissue from normal dogs and dogs with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). In the tissue and plasma from both dog populations, the level of estrone was higher than that of estradiol. The concentration of testosterone in the tissue and plasma of both normal dogs and dogs exceeded the concentration of either estrogen. Prostatic levels of dihydrotestosterone greatly exceeded that of testosterone. A comparison of normal dogs and dogs with BPH revealed that in both the plasma and prostatic tissue the concentrations of estradiol and estrone were significantly elevated (P less tha 0.05) in the BPH dogs. Plasma and prostatic levels of testosterone did not differ between the two groups; however, the concentration of dihydrotestosterone in hyperplastic glands was approximately 4 times greater than normal.

Androgens↗