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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1987

Evaluation of the effectiveness of wet ice, dry ice, and cryogenic packs in reducing skin temperature.

The purposes of this study were to evaluate and compare the ability of wet ice (WI), dry ice (DI), and cryogenic packs (CGPs) to reduce and maintain the reduction of skin temperature directly under the cooling agent and to determine whether the cooling effect on skin extended beyond the surface area in contact with the cooling agent. Ten female volunteers participated in the study, and each of the three cold modalities was applied randomly to the skin overlying the right triceps surae muscle. After 15 minutes of cold application, mean skin temperatures recorded under WI, DI, and CGP decreased 12 degrees, 9.9 degrees, and 7.3 degrees C, respectively. The only significant differences in cooling were between WI and DI and between WI and CGP. Fifteen minutes after removal of the cold modalities, no significant differences were found in mean skin temperature between WI, DI, and CGP. The residual mean decrease in skin temperature between the pretreatment rest interval (time 0) and 15 minutes after removal of the cold modality (time 30) was significant for WI only. No cooling was demonstrated 1 cm proximal or distal to any of the cooling agents after 15 minutes of cold application. These findings provide valuable information for the use of cryotherapy in the clinical setting.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Permanent marking of colored mice using dry ice.

Freeze marking, using dry ice, was successfully applied to colored mice for permanent, individual, identification. By this method, a 5-8 mm piece of dry ice is pressed against the skin of mice for 10 seconds. About 3 weeks after this treatment, spots of white hair growing at the site of treatment became recognizable to the naked eye, and allowed permanent identification of individual animals thereafter. The white spots were very clear in colored mice, and greatly facilitated animal identification as compared to conventional marking methods. Treatment of the animals with dry ice for 10 seconds has no discernible effects on the site of the treatment or the general condition of the animals.

Animal Identification Systems↗

PubMed1990

Glass shrapnel injuries to children resulting from "dry ice bomb" explosions: a report of three cases.

Glass shrapnel from explosions of "dry ice bombs," created by thrusting dry ice into glass soft-drink bottles and occluding the opening of the bottles, has produced serious and multiple lacerating injuries in three children, which required major operative intervention. We found no previous reports of this grave hazard.

Blast Injuries↗

PubMed1976

Dry ice fixation of myofibrils for scanning electron microscopy.

A rapid method of fixation of myofibrils using dry ice is reported. A glass slide or coverslip containing a drop of glutaraldehyde-fixed suspension of myofibrils is placed on dry ice causing the myofibrils to adhere to the glass surface. The specimens are then dehydrated through the alcohols, air dried and metal coated. This technique gives the myofibrils a corrugated appearance under the scanning electron microscope corresponding to the sarcomere banding.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Pilot surveys for proficiency testing of semen analysis. Comparison of dry-ice vs liquid nitrogen shipments.

Two pilot surveys involving routine semen analysis were provided to eight and nine selected laboratories. The laboratories were selected for expertise and geographic diversity. Manual and computer-assisted semen analysis were performed by the participating laboratories on pooled cryopreserved human semen samples following shipment either on dry-ice pellets or in liquid nitrogen (dry shippers). Coefficient of variation values obtained were 13% to 39% for concentration, 19% to 127% for motility, and 42% to 90% for viability. Motility was impaired for sperm shipped on dry ice. However, variances and performance criteria can be established for all analyses. A semen analysis survey is feasible but expensive owing to the shipping costs of cryopreserved semen.

Cell Survival↗

PubMed1991

Compression of foods during freeze-drying: water plasticization at the ice-dry layer interface.

The compressive mechanical properties of freeze-dried green beans show a pronounced decrease in rigidity when moisture content and/or temperature are increased. There exist several temperature and moisture combinations which give common values for mechanical properties. These combinations also give a common compressive behavior. Using this information on mechanical properties, it is possible to predict a stress-strain relationship, if given either a temperature, a moisture content, or the value of a pertinent mechanical property. It is shown that the moisture contents and temperatures that exist in the dry layer during freeze-drying result in mechanical properties that are suitable for compression of the dry layer. From studies on compression behavior during freeze-drying, it is shown that applied compressive pressure is the main determinant of final degree of compression. Increasing the compressive pressure gave a higher compression effect and gave a more rapid drying, presumably due to improved heat transfer in the compressed dry layer. From the above information, a simple method to predict compression behavior during freeze-drying was developed.

Fabaceae↗

PubMed1988

Blast injuries from glass bottles containing dry ice.

We present three cases (two incidents) of severe blast injury from the explosion of covered glass bottles containing dry ice. The first patient sustained lacerations of the face, left eye, right wrist and forearm, and abdomen with protrusion of the small bowel. The second sustained a deep laceration to her anterior neck. The third sustained multiple lacerations to her lower extremities and one to the labia majora. All three patients were taken to the operating room for surgical exploration and repair and were discharged without complications.

Blast Injuries↗

PubMed1990

Ocular trauma caused by exploding glass bottles containing dry ice and water.

We treated three patients with severe ocular injuries caused by exploding glass bottles containing a mixture of dry ice chips and water. One patient had a corneal laceration and traumatic cataract with several retained intraocular glass fragments. The second had a scleral laceration without corneal or lenticular involvement. The third suffered a corneal-scleral laceration, with a total retinal detachment. Following surgery, two patients recovered 20/20 vision; the third patient regained only light perception.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1977

Pulp testers and pulp testing with particular reference to the use of dry ice.

Pulp testing is mandatory before any operative procedures, invaluable in the diagnosis of pain and is an essential adjunct in the interpretation of radiolucent areas. Methods of pulp testing are reviewed and the use of dry ice for this purpose is discussed in detail. Limitations of pulp testing are considered. Vitality tests are of only limited use in traumatized teeth. The results are only qualitative and not quantitative.

Dental Pulp Diseases↗

PubMed1991

Comparison of dry ice baited light traps with human bait collections for surveillance of mosquitoes in northern Queensland, Australia.

Adult mosquitoes were collected from April 1984 to September 1985, at 3 sites at or adjacent to the Ross River Dam, north Queensland. The numbers attracted to dry ice baited encephalitis virus surveillance (EVS) light traps and to human bait were similar. Both methods sampled 18 taxa and ranked the abundances of Culex annulirostris, Anopheles annulipes s.l., Aedes vigilax, Mansonia uniformis and Ma. septempunctata similarly at each locality. Significant correlations between the 2 methods were found for all 5 of the dominant species, but were stronger for Ae. vigilax, Ma. uniformis and Ma. septempunctata than for Cx. annulirostris or An. annulipes. Human bait attracted more Cx. annulirostris, Ae. vigilax and Ma. uniformis than the EVS traps. The relative effectiveness of the 2 methods varied significantly with time for Cx. annulirostris and An. annulipes, but both methods revealed similar long term population trends. These data suggest that EVS surveillance may be better suited for sampling Ae. vigilax, and human bait (or alternatively animal bait) or a combination of both methods would be more appropriate for sampling Cx. annulirostris at the dam.

Aedes↗

PubMedDate not supplied