Assessing the pressures of dental education.
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This paper considers the potential role of videoconferencing technology for postgraduate dental and medical education. Drawing on work from the University of Bristol Dental School, it presents an analysis of the potential cost savings achievable by using videoconferencing compared to traditional face-to-face teaching across a range of scenarios. A summary of the feedback from trainees is also provided.
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Dental education is faced with continuing challenges to adjust to external as well as internal pressures. These pressures are coming from a variety of sources that are often inconsistent in the nature and direction of change they would bring about. Pressure on the future direction of dental education are coming from sources such as an Institute of Medicine report, Pew Health Professions Commission reports, changes in the academic health centers in response to health care reform, and expectations of parent universities. Reactions to these and other forces are bringing about changes in the nature and extent of scientific research in schools of dentistry. As the educational programs continue to evolve, research will receive greater attention, and more of it will be funded from private sources.
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Dental education relies heavily on the use of color slides in the process of instruction. In fact, it is estimated that 300,000 slides are produced yearly for this purpose by all the dental schools in the country. This article describes how the wedding of computer and videodisk technology can create a powerful tool for managing a vast amount of visual information (54,000 slides) and an innovative means for providing instruction.
This paper relates recent modes of dental practice to changes that the public and government are likely to ask the health care professions to make in the future. As usual they are asking for the best of all worlds. First, that we maintain the clinical model to the highest standards of personal dental care based and tested against the best research at our disposal, whilst we ensure there is no reduction in the high technical standards for which british dentists have a reputation. Second, that the profession is required to consider ways of providing care on the medicosocial model for the whole community at an economic level the country will afford. The broad changes in dental education have been reviewed, from the technical apprenticeship to the establishment of strong university departments in teaching hospitals. The importance of a sound biomedical foundation and of research both to education and the credibility of dental practice as a primary health care profession is stressed if the profession is to retain its position as a sister to medicine and not slide down to that of a technical ancillary.
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Dental care is the most common unmet health care need of children. Those at increased risk for problems with oral health and access to care are from poor or minority families, lack health insurance, or have special health care needs. These factors place more than 52 percent of children at risk for untreated oral disease. Measures of access and parental report indicate unmet oral health needs, but do not provide guidance as to the nature of children's oral health needs. Children's oral health needs can be predicted from their developmental changes and position in the life span. their dependency and environmental context, and current demographic changes. Specific gaps in education include training of general dentists to care for infants and young children and those with special health care needs, as well as training of pediatric providers and other professionals caring for children in oral health promotion and disease prevention. Educational focus on the technical aspects of dentistry leaves little time for important interdisciplinary health and/or social issues. It will not be possible to address these training gaps without further integration of dentistry with medicine and other health professions. Children's oral health care is the shared moral responsibility of dental and other professionals working with children, parents, and society. Academic dental centers hold in trust the training of oral health professionals for society and have a special responsibility to train future professionals to meet children's needs. Leadership in this area is urgently needed.