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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Personality and electroencephalography: significance of epileptiform activity on mass screening electroencephalography.

From the mass screening EEG, 31 primary school children and 17 junior high school (Jr-HS) students with paroxysmal discharge were chosen. An equal number of children with disorganized patterns, including a few borderline ones, and with normal patterns were selected from the same classes. School performance and behavior assessments were evaluated based on the school records. Both in primary and Jr-HSs, the order of school performance in these three groups was as follows (shown hereafter--an average score of seven subjects for primary school children; that of 9 for Jr-HS). Firstly, normal EEG group (21.5 +/- 5.53; 30.1 +/- 6.08); secondly, epileptiform EEG group (21.1 +/- 5.09; 27.4 +/- 6.09); lastly, disorganized EEG group (20.8 +/- 5.11; 26.2 +/- 7.32). In behavior assessments, teachers highly evaluated the children with normal EEG both in primary and Jr-HSs. On the contrary, those with disorganized EEGs were not as highly evaluated, especially in primary school.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Electroencephalography in migraine: a review with focus on quantitative electroencephalography and the migraine vs. epilepsy relationship.

EEG-studies in migraine in the last decade has contributed modestly to the understanding of headache pathogenesis. Headache patient groups seem to have increased EEG responses to photic stimulation, but a useful biological marker for migraine in single patients has not been found. In future EEG and QEEG studies we recommend to use follow-up designs and record several EEGs across the migraine cycle. It is also important to use a blinded study design in order to avoid selection bias. A clinical EEG should be performed in patients with acute headache attacks when either epilepsy, basilar migraine, migraine with prolonged aura or alternating hemiplegia is suspected. Unequivocal epileptiform abnormalities usually suggest a diagnosis of epilepsy. In children with occipital spike-wave activity the probable diagnosis is childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms (CEOP). The final diagnosis of either an epilepsy syndrome or migraine must be mainly based on a clinical judgement [corrected].

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[An all-night electroencephalographic study on grand mal epilepsy in childhood. A longitudinal study on the incidence of epileptic discharges with treatment and the comparison between all-night electroencephalography and standard sleep activated electroencephalography].

In order to quantify changes in epileptic discharges during the course of phenobarbital (PB) therapy, 8 children with generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTC) corresponding to sleep epilepsy as defined by Janz were given PB, and their all-night EEGs were obtained by means of a polygraph with simultaneous measurement of the blood concentration of PB. EEGs were recorded before the treatment commenced and 3 days, 14 days, one month, 6 months, one year, 1.5 and 2 years after the beginning of the treatment. For each child, the number of epileptic discharges during sleep was determined. The incidence of epileptic discharges (total number of epileptic discharges during sleep divided by total sleep time) was calculated, and changes during the course of the treatment were examined. In addition, the findings (pattern of epileptic discharges) obtained through standard short-time EEG recordings were compared with those obtained through all-night EEG recordings in terms of the incidence of epileptic discharges during the first S1-S2 after the subject had fallen asleep and the incidence of epileptic discharges during all stage of S1 and S2 while asleep. There were two different patterns of changes in the incidence of epileptic discharges. In 5 of the 8 children, the incidence was decreased at the initial stages of treatment, but it began to increase about one month later, returning to the baseline level (re-increased type). In the remaining 3 children, the incidence decreased favorably after the beginning of treatment, reaching nil within one year (simple decrease type). The incidence of epileptic discharges was found to be decreased in all 8 children after 3 days of treatment, when the blood PB concentration had not reached the effective level. Standard EEG and all-night EEG revealed similar patterns of epileptic discharges.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Carotid endarterectomy with routine electroencephalography and selective shunting: Influence of contralateral internal carotid artery occlusion and utility in prevention of perioperative strokes.

OBJECTIVE: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is associated with a risk of cerebral ischemia during carotid clamping, particularly in the face of contralateral internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion. We examined the results of CEA with continuous electroencephalography in patients without and with contralateral ICA occlusion. DESIGN AND SETTING: We reviewed 564 primary CEAs with routine electroencephalography and general anesthesia performed between April 1, 1989, and March 31, 1999, in a community teaching medical center. Main outcome measures were perioperative stroke, temporary lateralizing neurologic deficit, and death. Shunts were placed primarily for significant electroencephalographic changes after carotid clamping but also selectively for contralateral ICA occlusion, prior stroke, or surgeon choice. CEA was performed for asymptomatic disease in 35% of cases. RESULTS: Significant electroencephalographic changes occurred in 16% versus 39% (P <.001) and shunts were placed in 13% versus 55% (P <.001) of patients with patent (n = 507) versus occluded contralateral ICA (n = 57), respectively. The fraction of CEAs with significant electroencephalographic changes during clamping was stable, but shunt use declined slightly over time as our confidence in electroencephalography increased. Patches were placed more often (86% versus 65%; P =.002), but other operative details were similar when the contralateral ICA was occluded. Five early (30 days) strokes (0.9%) and eight early temporary postoperative neurologic events (1.4%) occurred, all ipsilateral to CEA and all after the patient left the operating room with none in patients with contralateral ICA occlusion. Two perioperative deaths occurred, one in a patient without and one in a patient with contralateral ICA occlusion. Neither of these deaths was related to ipsilateral stroke. No increase in stroke rate with decreased shunt use over time was seen. CONCLUSION: Routine use of electroencephalography was associated with apparent complete elimination of intraoperative strokes and less than 1% risk of perioperative strokes. These observations appear to be true even in the face of contralateral ICA occlusion. Electroencephalography is a sensitive detector of cerebral ischemia and a valuable tool for determination of need for shunting during CEA. Surgeons should consider routine use of electroencephalography and selective shunting for significant electroencephalographic changes with clamping.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Electroencephalography 60 years later.

The birthday of Electroencephalography (EEG) is dated back to the 22nd of April 1929. On this date Hans Berger submitted the first of his 14 contributions "Uber das Elektrenkephalogramm des Menschen" to the "Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten" for publication. Therefore in 1989 Electroencephalography was 60 years of age. In spite of controversy over its usefulness during this period, Electroencephalography substantially contributed to progress in medicine. Today is the beginning of its Renaissance due to a dramatic diversification of Clinical Electroencephalography into applied neurophysiological specialties. Progress became possible by the introduction of new techniques. However it will become obvious that new instrumentations cannot replace intelligence and human understanding. The dispute of importance and nonsense, use and misuse of Electroencephalography is without doubt useful and stimulates new orientations.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Evaluation of cerebral metabolism and quantitative electroencephalography after hypothermic circulatory arrest and low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass at different temperatures.

Although widely used for repair of complex cardiovascular pathologic conditions, long intervals of hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass may both result in cerebral injury. This study examines cerebral hemodynamics, metabolism, and electrical activity to evaluate the risks of cerebral injury after 60 minutes of hypothermic circulatory arrest at 8 degrees C, 13 degrees C, and 18 degrees C, compared with 60 minutes of low flow cardiopulmonary bypass at 18 degrees C. Thirty-two puppies were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups and centrally cooled to the appropriate temperature. Serial evaluations of quantitative electroencephalography, radioactive microsphere determinations of cerebral blood flow, calculations of cerebral oxygen consumption, cerebral glucose consumption, cerebral vascular resistance, cerebral oxygen extraction, systemic oxygen metabolism, and systemic vascular resistance were done. Measurements were obtained at baseline (37 degrees C), at the end of cooling, at 30 degrees C during rewarming, and at 2, 4, and 8 hours after hypothermic circulatory arrest or low flow cardiopulmonary bypass. At the end of cooling, cerebral vascular resistance remained at baseline levels in all groups, but systemic vascular resistance was increased in all groups. Cerebral oxygen consumption became progressively lower as temperature was reduced: it was only 5% of baseline at 8 degrees C; 20% at 13 degrees C; and 34% and 39% at 18 degrees C. Quantitative electroencephalography was silent in the 8 degrees C and 13 degrees C groups, but significant slow wave activity was present at 18 degrees C. Systemic vascular resistance and cerebral oxygen consumption returned to baseline values in all groups by 2 hours after hypothermic circulatory arrest or low flow cardiopulmonary bypass, but cerebral vascular resistance remained elevated at 2 and 4 hours, not returning to baseline until 8 hours after hypothermic circulatory arrest or low flow cardiopulmonary bypass. All but two of the long-term survivors (27 of 32) appeared neurologically normal; after hypothermic circulatory arrest at 8 degrees and 18 degrees C two animals had an unsteady gait. Comparison of quantitative electroencephalography before operation and 6 days after operation showed a significant increase in slow wave activity (delta activity) after hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass at 18 degrees C, a change that suggests possible cerebral injury. Although undetected after operation by simple behavioral and neurologic assessment, significant differences in cerebral metabolism, vasomotor responses, and quantitative electroencephalography do exist during and after hypothermic circulatory arrest and low flow cardiopulmonary bypass at various temperatures and may be implicated in the occurrence of cerebral injury.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1989

Computed tomography, electroencephalography, and clinical features in the differential diagnosis of senile dementia. A prospective clinicopathologic study.

The accuracy of computed tomography, electroencephalography, and clinical features in the differential diagnosis of senile dementia was studied prospectively. Out of 50 demented patients, autopsy revealed 32 cases with either senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT), multi-infarct dementia (MID), or a combination of both. Eighteen patients had dementia caused by other diseases. Based on a combination of computed tomography, electroencephalography, and clinical features, senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type was differentiated from all 50 patients, with a specificity of 83% and a sensitivity of 80%. Focusing on senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type, multi-infarct dementia, or a combination of both, specificity decreased to 65% and sensitivity to 47%. Comparing the different methods, multi-infarct processes were diagnosed with a higher sensitivity by the clinical features (73%) than by computed tomography (18%) or electroencephalography (18%). None of the methods validly differentiated multi-infarct dementia from a combination of multi-infarct dementia and senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

Aged↗