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Results for “ENCEPHALITIS, EPIDEMIC”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Intense transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus to pigs in a region free of epidemic encephalitis.

Epidemic Japanese encephalitis recurs annually in the northern provinces of Thailand, but in the southern provinces cases of human encephalitis are rare. We investigated transmission of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) to pigs in southern Thailand. Blood specimens from one hundred young pigs at abattoirs in three southern provinces were tested for JEV hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibodies. Seventy-four percent were positive. Ten seronegative sentinel pigs were placed at five locations in one southern province. Seven of the ten pigs developed JEV HAI and JEV IgM ELISA antibodies within two weeks of placement. JEV was isolated from all seven seroconverting sentinel pigs from blood specimens collected 3 to 11 days after placement. Fifteen light-trap mosquito collections at the five locations all included known JEV vectors, some in large numbers. We conclude that there is intense transmission of JEV to pigs in southern Thailand despite the rare occurrence of human encephalitis in the same region.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Epidemic encephalitis and American neurology, 1919-1940.

Encephalitis lethargica, also known as epidemic encephalitis, emerged as a new infectious disease near the end of the First World War. Bacteriologic, epidemiologic, and clinical investigation produced no clear consensus regarding the nature of the disease, even as several other experimentally demonstrable "encephalitides" appeared on the scene. By 1940, new encephalitis lethargica cases had almost entirely disappeared, and neurologists renamed this once-novel infection as an amorphous syndrome of marginal interest. A variety of forces influencing the fate of encephalitis lethargica's epidemic status can be seen at work in the Matheson Commission, whose members hoped to use encephalitis as a model disease that might supplant their reliance on clinical phenomenology with a causal analysis of nervous disease grounded in the laboratory. When it failed to live up to these expectations, the model was abandoned. Epidemic encephalitis was soon forgotten.

Encephalitis, Arbovirus↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical variants of epidemic encephalitis in Primor'e].

The authors examined 104 patients with epidemic encephalitis (48 in the acute stage and 56 in chronic). In the acute stage the following forms were distinguished: vestibular, lethargic, hyperkinetic and psychosensory. The chronic stage included postencephalitic parkinsonism, hyperkinetic and lethargic forms. The acute stage had a mild development without lethal outcomes. The specific traits of epidemic encephalitis in this region were the frequency of vestibular forms in the acute stage and hyperkinetic forms in the chronic one.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Catamnesis of patients sustaining the acute period of epidemic encephalitis in Primor'e].

The authors studied 20 patients (12 males and 8 females) from 5--40 years of age who had acute forms of epidemic encephalitis. Progressive development was marked only in 2 patients (in one case typical parkinsonism, in the other--a hallucinatory-paranoid schizophrenoform syndrome). In the majority of the cases neurological symptoms of the acute period gradually subsided up till a full disappearance (in 8 out of 20 cases). Among the residual of symptoms of contemporary epidemic encephalitis special attention should be drawn to blepharoclonus and blepharospasm, converging both monocular nistagmus and peculiar "psychic equivalents" of parkinsonism in the form of akairia. These symptoms may be used for a retrospective diagnosis of epidemic encephalitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Application of the time-series method to analyse the seasonal distribution of epidemic encephalitis B incidence in Guangdong province in the years of 1984-1993].

This paper analysed the data of epidemic encephalitis B incidence that was constituted to time- series and the two-ordered contingency table in Guangdong province from 1984 to 1993. Two different kinds of statistical methods of run- test and ordered-log-ratio test were applied to study the characteristics of seasonal distribution. Consistent conclusion was obtained to show that there appeared an obvious seasonal cyclic characteristic of a peak every year (June or July) for the incidence of epidemic encephalitis B. It is helpful for the epidemiologists to understand the principle and method of these statistical tests.

China↗
PubMed1988

Entomologic studies after a St. Louis encephalitis epidemic in Grand Junction, Colorado.

In 1986, after a St. Louis encephalitis epidemic in Grand Junction, Colorado, in 1985, vector mosquitoes in the city were surveyed to correlate their bionomics and infection rates with the occurrence of human disease. No human cases were reported, but mosquito surveillance disclosed St. Louis encephalitis virus in Culex tarsalis and Culex pipiens pipiens. Mosquitoes were collected with gravid traps designed to attract Cx. p. pipiens and with Centers for Disease Control light traps. Culex p. pipiens was the predominant vector mosquito collected and was captured chiefly in gravid traps. The Culex tarsalis population emerged and expanded approximately one month earlier than did the Cx. p. pipiens population. Consequently, Cx. p. pipiens was the predominant vector species after August. Infection rates throughout the surveillance period (June to September) were severalfold higher in Cx. tarsalis than in Cx. p. pipiens; however, in late summer, diminished numbers of Cx. tarsalis and a persistent population of Cx. p. pipiens resulted in relatively larger numbers of infected Cx. p. pipiens. Thus, the participation of Cx. p. pipiens as a St. Louis encephalitis vector would have been underestimated in previous studies employing light traps alone. These studies provide further evidence that Cx. p. pipiens-associated urban St. Louis encephalitis and rural Cx. tarsalis-associated St. Louis encephalitis cycles may coexist in the West.

Animals↗