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Results for “EPILEPSY, GRAND MAL”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Evidence for a major susceptibility locus at 11q22.1-23.3 has been detected in a large Chinese family with pure grand mal epilepsy.

Pure grand mal epilepsy (PGME) is a common subtype of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) with an unclear mode of inheritance. Several studies with the multiple families have provided evidence for the disorder to be linked to chromosome 8q24 and 8p. In this work, we performed an autosomal-wide scan linkage analysis using microsatellite markers in a large Chinese family with PGME and found seven markers with likelihood of odds (LOD), scores >/=1.0 (theta=0) in chromosome 11q22.1-23.3. The highest LOD score for two-point and multi-point linkage analysis are 1.99 (theta=0) at marker D11S4159 and 2.18 between markers D11S1782 and D11S3178, respectively, which reached the level of a suggested positive linkage LOD score (Z>/=1.9), under an autosomal dominant manner of inheritance with a penetrance of 65% but no significant positive LOD score (Z>/=3.3) was found after high density of microsatellite markers used in the regions. Obviously, our data do not support the linkage of the disease to chromosome 8q24 and 8p but implicate that chromosome 11q22.1-23.3 may be a new locus linked to PGME, which indicates the existence of genetic heterogeneity in the disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Socio-cultural aspects of grand mal epilepsy in Dakarians: investigation on knowledge, attitudes and practice].

Epilepsy "grand Mal" is well known since antiquity. Préjudices make epileptic patients look like mythic and mystic person out of circuits of production and consumption. We wanted to evaluate the persistence of such prejudices among the "dakarian" (Senegal) with a questionnaire about knowledges, attitudes and practices on epilepsy. We find a decrease of such prejudices and a good tolerance of the epileptic patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Emotional complications of adolescent grand mal epilepsy.

Adolescents who have grand mal epilepsy and their parents were interviewed, and the adolescents were evaluated neurologically. Better seizure control and less neurologic disability were unexpectedly associated with less open communication between the adolescents and their families and friends, and with a poorer self-image and poorer expectations for the future. These findings were unrelated to IQ or school performance. This outcome is consistent with other studies of invisible defects and stigmatization, and suggests that youngsters who have relatively mild defects involving social disability may be more troubled than those with more apparent defects, for which denial may be operative. An incidental finding in the study was that a question more predictive of overall family, social, and academic function than the neurologic findings was simply whether or not the youngster was attending the appropriate grade in school for his or her age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

A controlled trial on clonazepam INN (Ro 5-4023, Rivotril (R)) in the treatment of focal epilepsy and secondary generalized grand mal epilepsy.

In a controlled clinical investigation based on 14 patients with focal seizures and 3 patients with secondary generalized grand mal epilepsy, all with insufficient response to conventional anti-epileptic treatment, clonazepam (Rivotril(R)) combined with previous anti-epileotic drugs was compared with placebo combined with the same drugs. The trial was singleblind cross-over with sequential analyses. With a daily dose, depending upon age, of usually 3-6 mg, the antiepileptic effect of Clonazepam was significantly superior to placebo and was estimated as remarkably good. Side-effects in the form of somnolence, fatique, drowsiness and co-ordination disturbances occurred in most of the patients but subsided spontaneously or could be managed by slow increase or slight reduction in dosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Benign grand mal epilepsy in the adult].

In two separate papers submitted to a symposium in Barcelona in December 1987 on primary, generalized grand mal epilepsy becoming manifest in adulthood, the findings were so identical that the authors thought it appropriate to make a joint publication. L. Oller Daurella, after studying 90 cases, and L. Sorel, after studying 80 cases, propose the definition of a particular form of benign grand mal epilepsy in the adult. The various characteristics of this new entity are described.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electroencephalographic manifestations of grand mal epilepsy in Africans: observation of relative rarity of interictal abnormalities.

Interictal EEG records of Nigerian epileptic patients living in Lagos and clearly diagnosed as having grand mal epilepsy were compared with those of British epileptic patients with a similar diagnosis. Interictal EEG abnormalities (spike and wave discharges, (SW), photoparoxysmal discharges (PPD), and nonspecific changes) were significantly less common in Nigerian patients (incidence 15.7%) compared with British patients (incidence 52.9%) irrespective of age or sex of the patients. These findings may be related to ethnic or geographical factors. Rarity of PPD in Africans has previously been attributed to ethnic factors. Other studies have demonstrated an influence of geographical factors, specifically sunshine. In papio papio, such a geographical factor was shown to influence occurrence of PPD. In human epileptic subjects, environmental sunshine has been found to inversely influence the occurrence of PPD as well as SW. Besides possible ethnic factors, the relative rarity of interictal EEG abnormalities in Africans with grand mal epilepsy may be related to the larger amount of sunshine in the tropics.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed2000

An experimental study of effect of zheng tai instant powder on grand mal epilepsy.

Zheng Tai Instant Powder [symbol: see text] is a complex prescription of traditional Chinese medicine indicated for grand mal epilepsy. Its effect on central nervous system, energy metabolism, neurotransmitters and hemorheology were studied in animal models. The results demonstrated that the effect of Zheng Tai Instant Powder is mild, long-lasting and effective in treatment and prevention of epilepsy without any side effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Prognostic and electroclinical features of grand mal epilepsies.

We studied the electroclinical features and prognosis of 103 patients with tonic-clonic seizures alone. Patients were classified into three groups according to seizure semiology and interictal EEG: primary grand mal, focal grand mal and indeterminate grand mal. Discriminant analysis showed that a number of other electroclinical features had no significant classificatory power. Patients have been followed for 2-10 years. At the last observation 40% of patients were free from tonic-clonic seizures and 23% had fewer than 1 seizure a year, without differences among the three groups. The appearance of 'minor' (absence or partial) seizures during follow-up occurred in 12 patients and did not change the prognosis of tonic-clonic seizures. At the end of follow-up, 96% of patients had a normal social adjustment. Grand mal epilepsies therefore appear to have a good prognosis.

Electroencephalography↗
PubMed1998

Cochlear implantation in a patient with grand mal epilepsy.

A case is reported in which a Nucleus 22 channel intracochlear implant was used to treat a deaf Hungarian woman (aged 37 years) with a 34-year history of grand mal (GM) epilepsy maintained on carbamazepine-diazepam combination therapy who had not benefited from conventional hearing aids. Pre-operative electrical stimulation of the acoustic nerve, however, exhibited a good nerve function with no evidence of abnormal waveforms in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Successful intracochlear insertion of the 22 electrode resulted in a 40 dB hearing improvement at frequencies 250-2000 Hz in the implanted ear with no signs of pathologic wave activity at either the previously recognized epileptic focus (fronto-precentral region) or indeed, in other regions of the brain at use of the implant. We conclude that intracochlear implantation per se is not a hazardous intervention in patients with fronto-precentral epileptic foci.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Acute pulmonary oedema following grand mal epilepsy and as a complication of electric shock therapy.

Two patients are described who developed acute pulmonary oedema: the first following a grand mal epileptic seizure of idiopathic origin, the second following electric shock therapy (ECT) for depression. Neither patient had any detectable underlying cardiopulmonary disease. The first patient recovered spontaneously but the second patient died of fulminant pulmonary oedema. This is the first report of neurogenic pulmonary oedema following ECT.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

[Long QT syndrome causing grand mal epilepsy: case report, pedigree, therapeutic options, and review of the literature].

A 24-year-old female with a history of epileptic seizures was admitted after prolonged cardiac resuscitation. The clinical course together with additional examinations led to the diagnosis of severe hypoxic cerebral damage, with poor prognosis for neurological outcome. In her initial ECG, as in the ECGs of several family members, QT prolongation was diagnosed. Meticulous history taking and ensuing genetic analysis led to the diagnosis of familial long QT syndrome (LQTS) with a mutation in the LQT-2 gene (HERG). In retrospect, the previous seizure episodes have to be considered cardiac syncopes. Two family members had previously died suddenly, and ECG and genetic analysis revealed that a total of eight family members were affected. These relatives were prophylactically treated with beta blockers or supplied with automated implantable cardioverter defibrillating devices. The literature concerning LQTS, diagnosis and prognosis of cerebral hypoxic damage, and differentiation between seizures and cardiac syncopes is discussed.

Adult↗