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[Economic development and health].

The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship between economic development and the population's level of health. Consequently, we will establish a comparison between Mexico and other countries in various stages of development. The interrelationship between economic development and health is a complex problem which is little understood, even though it is acknowledged that at increased levels of economic development the levels of health of a population will also increase. These considerations can be taken into account when we accept the fact that the health conditions in industrialized countries are generally better than the health conditions in non-industrialized countries. In the case of Mexico, the problems relating to social disparities due to the type of economic development are reflected in the country's level of health. Poor health conditions and the deterioration of health services in Mexico, based on international references, are matters that must be resolved by means of a clear political decision accompanied by the appropriate corresponding resources so that the strategies put forth by the National Health Program (1989-1994) can be carried out.

Colombia↗
PubMed1975

Health and economic development: the example of China and Cuba.

The unprecedented accomplishments reported from China and Cuba in providing health care to their populations question the assumption that economic development along the model of Western nations is a sine qua non for developing effective health care systems among nonaffluent developing nations. Equal distribution of resources, emphasis on preventive public health measures, and attention to improving overall quality of life have been concepts employed to great advantage by both countries. When it is realized that improved standards of living have far overshadowed modern medical technology in upgrading the health of populations, the policies employed in China and Cuba become especially relevant to other nations, both developed and developing.

China↗
PubMed1975

[Dynamic of demographic economic developments (author's transl)].

Present and predicted demographic and economic developments demonstrate a close interrelation between population and the economy. In the course of a few years the population structure of highly industrialized societies such as the German Federal Republic has changed, due to declining birth-rate, negative birth/death-rate ratio and an influx of foreign workers; many problems and contradictions result therefrom. One is bound to conclude that traditional population theories have been overtaken by practice and that only the present and the future count in promoting the evolution of society. The problem is to bring about an equilibrium between the widely varying increases in production rates in different branches of industry, population trends and the standard of living. Decreases in population and endogenous mortality are reflected in national investment policies, capital distribution within a generation and statutory provisions. Conversely, marriage, fertility and mortality exercise and influence on investment, justice and morality. It has not yet been proven whether, in view of the behavior of one generation, a chance of generation results in a new situation. Certainly, selective adaption processes are operative between population and economic trends. To cope with these processes, a maximum of motivation is essential.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1992

Nutrition and socio-economic development in Southeast Asia.

While most Third World countries, particularly in Africa and Latin America, have experienced a deterioration in child welfare as a result of the severe economic downturn in the 1980s, Southeast Asia in general managed to sustain improvements in the situation of its children because it has maintained satisfactory rates of economic growth. However, there were exceptions within Southeast Asia. The Philippines, Vietnam, Dem. Kampuchea and Laos had unsatisfactory growth rates and, consequently, unsustained nutritional gains from the 1970s through the 1980s. Economic factors exerted a big impact on the Philippine nutrition situation, particularly on the dietary status of the households and the nutritional status of children. As a result of the economic dislocation occurring in the country, the nutritional gains of 1978-82 were not maintained in succeeding years. Unlike the case of Thailand, it has been estimated that the solution to nutritional problems in the Philippines is far from being achieved in the immediate future (Villavieja et al. 1989). On the other hand, the nutrition improvements in Thailand have been as remarkable as the economic growth over the last decade. Long-term investments in health, nutrition and other social services in Thailand (as well as in Indonesia) have paid off according to the assessment by the United Nations (1990). It appears, therefore, that the nutrition situation in developing countries is highly dependent on the economic situation, globally and nationally (Cornia et al. 1987), as well as on investment in social services. Adjustment policies should, therefore, consider their implications on distribution and poverty in order that they could positively contribute to the improvement of the nutrition of the people.

Asia, Southeastern↗