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[The story as a health education technic for schoolchildren].

Schoolchildren health education should begin as early as possible. The objective of this study is to show that to develop health education early in the lifetime is feasible by using the tale/psychodrama as tool for making class explanations more useful. An intervention study was carried out with all the children attending course level 1 of Basic General Education (BGE) in four schools, two from the city of Granada (urban) and two from two surrounding municipalities (semi-urban). They were randomly divided in two groups in order to compare the efficacy of two different health education interventions on taking care of pets: formal explanations at the classroom vs listen to a tale. Evaluation was assessed by a simple 15 yes/no items questionnaire which was administered before and after the intervention. Both interventions resulted in important improvements of children responses. The tale was clearly better than class formal explanations, the differences being statistically significant for 8 of the questions. We conclude that health education is feasible early in childhood and that tales can be more efficient than class explanations.

Child↗
PubMed1976

[International strategies in medical education: technical assistance and technical cooperation].

This article reviews the evolution of international activity for national development in general and for medical education in particular. The concepts of traditional technical aid and the new method of technical cooperation are studied. That method appeared just before the beginning of this decade as a response to needs existing at the time to coordinate development with the emerging international economic order. This article discusses the emphasis given to strategy in this new concept of international activity. Strategy, in this sense, consists of a clear definition of goals and objectives by the countries themselves, mobilization of local resources, and full participation of national personnel in all phases of the process. The projects promoted by the Pan American Health Organization in applying technical cooperation to the field of health manpower training are discussed. Such activities include: coordinating the above mentioned training, providing overall support for institutional development, training professors and administrators, developing educational technology, creating and developing a network of biomedical information, developing social sciences as applied to medicine, and encouraging medical, epidemiological, social, and operational research.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed2002

Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality: a new tool for neurosurgical education. Technical note.

The goal of this study was to develop a new method for neurosurgical education based on interactive stereoscopic virtual reality (ISVR). Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality can be used to recreate the three-dimensional (3D) experience of neurosurgical approaches much more realistically than standard educational methods. The demonstration of complex 3D relationships is unrivaled and easily combined with interactive learning and multimedia capabilities. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality permits the accurate recreation of neurosurgical approaches through integration of several forms of stereoscopic multimedia (video, interactive anatomy, and computer-rendered animations). The content explored using ISVR is obtained through a combination of approach-based cadaver dissections, live surgical images and videos, and computer-rendered animations. These media are combined through an interactive software interface to demonstrate key aspects of a neurosurgical approach (for example, patient positioning, draping, incision, individual surgical steps, alternative steps, relevant anatomy). The ISVR platform is designed for use on a desktop personal computer with newly developed, inexpensive, platform-independent shutter glasses. Interactive stereoscopic virtual reality has been used to capture the anatomy and methods of several neurosurgical approaches. In this paper the authors report their experience with ISVR and describe its potential advantages. The success of a neurosurgical approach is contingent on the mastery of complex, 3D anatomy. A new technology for neurosurgical education, ISVR can improve understanding and speed the learning process. It is an effective tool for neurosurgical education, bridging the substantial gap between textbooks and intraoperative training.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed2005

Accreditation council on graduate medical education technical skills competency compliance: urologic surgical skills.

BACKGROUND: In accordance with new mandates implemented by the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education, reliance on operative case logs as demonstration of residents' surgical competence will no longer be adequate. We describe the implementation of a comprehensive, year-round, mandatory skills laboratory curriculum as an integral component of our urology residency training program. STUDY DESIGN: We developed eight laboratory practicums using primarily nonhuman models: basic endoscopy, advanced endoscopy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous renal surgery, basic laparoscopy, advanced laparoscopy, urologic use of the gastrointestinal tract, and cadaveric pelvic dissection. RESULTS: Anonymous evaluations submitted by all training session participants indicate that acquisition of surgical skills is facilitated through participation in laboratory practicums. An incremental progression in proficiency was observed by all of the instructors and students who participated. There was a high degree of satisfaction with model fidelity and the value of technical experience gained. CONCLUSIONS: Our urologic surgery skills laboratory curriculum is an effective means of skills acquisition and maintenance for a wide variety of urologic techniques, including complex endourologic procedures. Patient care can safely be of secondary importance with respect to trainee experience in a low-stress environment that provides an opportunity for supervised repetitive performance of essential technical skills. We describe effective models, with high fidelity-to-cost ratio, that incorporate laboratory-based surgical skills training and evaluation into urology residency programs, with the aim of Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education competency guideline compliance.

Accreditation↗