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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Electrical stimulation therapy and its effects on the general activity of motor impaired cerebral palsied children; a comparative study of the Bobath physiotherapy and its combination with the Hufschmidt electrical stimulation therapy (author's transl)].

The purpose of this study was to answer the following questions: (1) Is it more effective to treat spastic cerebral palsy with the Hufschmidt electrical stimulation therapy combined with the Bobath neuro-development treatment or only with the Bobath therapy? (2) Can a general increase in activity be obtained by the electrotherapeutic muscle stimulation? A test group (combined Hufschmidt/Bobath therapy) and a control group (Bobath), both consisting of 10 subjects, were observed for four months. The duration of observation was divided into two four months treatment periods with a rest interval of two months in between. At the start of therapeutic measures, motor activity and psychic condition were tested with corresponding motormetric and psychodiagnostic techniques; three check-up examinations were carried out at the end of the first, and at the beginning and end of the second period of treatment. The motor-metric control examination showed that at the end of the first period the test group had achieved by far the better results, but at the end of the second therapeutic period, both groups were equally successful. The combined electrophysiotherapy hence reached in a relatively shorter time - as it were by leaps and bounds - the optimal obtainable state of functional improvements which, with the Bobath therapy alone, can be effected more slowly but with more continuity. The psychodiagnostic controls clearly indicate that the electrical stimulation produced an unspecified increase in activity, especially after the first phase of treatment, whereas in the second phase this could only be proven in a graded form. The report closes with an examination of the results and their consequences for the implementation of the treatment for cerebral palsied children.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1975

[Electroimpulse therapy of auricular fibrillation].

Data derived from clinical, electro- and polycardiographic observations of 68 patients subjected to electric stimulation therapy are presented. The evaluation of late results of the treatment showed that clinical factors such as the patients' age, the nature of the affection, the degree of cardiac insufficiency, the standing of auricular fibrillation are not decisive in determining indications and contraindication for electric stimulation therapy. A considerable worsening of the cardiac dynamics with developing fibrillation arrhythmia, especially in patients suffering from cardiosclerosis, and a distinct improvement of the polycardiographic indices after defibrillation point to the need of attempting, whenever this is possible, to bar the auricular fibrillation. A pretreatment with potassium preparations and lengthy maintenance therapy with quinidine or quinidine-like agents is recommended. An analysis of the ECG findings after the electric stimulation therapy (heart rate, and its regularity, the state of the intraatrial and atrioventricular conduction) enable it to foresee the retention time of the re-established rhythm.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1978

Electrical stimulation: new methods for therapy and rehabilitation.

Electrical stimulation is emerging as a new therapeutic and rehabilitative agent. Reviewed are pain control, restoration of lost functions and alteration of abnormal movement and other functions using electrical stimulation. Reported for acute and chronic pain control use are transcutaneous, dorsal column, spinal cord, peripheral nerve, and direct brain stimulation methods and results. Overall success ranges up to 50% for chronic pain problems and up to 80% for acute pain; e.g., postoperative incisional pain, sports medicine, and trauma. Restoration of lost function has broad implications for the future. These include phrenic nerve pacing for respiration, foot drop control, restoration of bladder function, and grasp control in the spinal cord-injured patient. Amelioration of abnormal function includes stimulation for epilepsy and cerebral palsy, certain symptoms of multiple sclerosis and scoliosis. The effects of electrostimulation are completely reversible and nondestructive. Technical details of devices and stimulus waveforms are also briefly considered.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Therapeutic electrical stimulation. The transistorized placebo?

(1) Electrical stimulation therapy for patients suffering with labile signs and symptoms, and these include all varieties of acute and chronic pains, seizures and spasticity, has come into fashion and gone, and come again with each new technological advance for the past two hundred years. (2) A proportion of patients with chronic disease have their suffering made worse if they feel deprived of the latest therapy and may be relieved if they are given it in the right circumstances. In this group the relief will usually be temporary and the limited supply of such reactors will promote the cycle of fashion. In a group of 126 patients with chronic pain associated with organic disease who were offered transcutaneous stimulation, only 23 (18%) continued to use it one year after they started. (3) The cycling of therapeutic fashion is assisted not only because relief is often temporary, but also by the difficulty in establishing the normal range of variability from which significant change can be assessed and by the uncertain relationship between signs and symptoms and for the functions of daily living. For these reasons there is an inevitable tendency to temporary over-optimism and it seems impossible to counter this by the execution of a satisfactory clinical trial, since the patient cannot be "blind" and a significant variable is the enthusiasm with which a therapy is surrounded. (4) Electrical stimulation by cutaneous devices or implants can give much benefit to some patients in whom other methods have failed and there are indications, not only from anecdote and clinical impression but also now from experimental physiology, that it may benefit by mechanisms of interaction at the first sensory synapse. It is, however, an over-simplification to regard any therapy as either strictly physiological or simply fraudulent. Like other so-called placebos, physical methods of therapy can presumably act on hormonal systems associated with stress and the experience of pain.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1976

ECT and Acu-EST in the treatment of depression.

This paper presents three brief case histories from a three year study comparing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) with acupuncture treatment in functional psychoses. Acupuncture effects were augmented by the simultaneous, non-painful electrical stimulation of eight acupuncture needles. The resulting treatment is called Acupuncture Electric Stimulation Therapy (Acu-EST). Each patient was utilized as her own control, treating exacerbations of depression alternately with ECT and Acu-EST. Acu-EST was not found to be a panacea and did not enable the discontinuation of antidepressant and neuroleptic medication. Individual Acu-EST treatments were often less effective than individual ECT treatments. However, series of Acu-EST did assist in producing significant remissions in depressive symptomatology. Because it did not produce the temporary disabling memory defects which occurred with ECT, Acu-EST was more easily adaptable to outpatient treatment.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1978

Alternative methods of treating pain.

The range of non-invasive methods of treatment of chronic pain which are currently available has been discussed. They fall into three categories; those dependent on counter stimulation, those which influence the higher centres and those, like acupuncture, which possibly combine both mechanisms. The empirical, but frequently successful nature of such treatments has been emphasised.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey of the history of electrical stimulation for pain to 1900.

This paper traces the history of the use of electricity to treat pain, beginning with the first century A.D. practice of using the torpedo fish to treat gout, continuing through the eighteenth-century use of electrostimulation as an analgesic, up to 1900 when electroanalgesia fell into disrepute. The author recognizes the early empiric nature of electrotherapy as it was catalogued by the Reverend John Wesley, and the beginnings of speculation on the mechanism of pain relief by Berlioz, Sarlandière, and others.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1978

Clinical report on the use of specific TENS units.

This report provides information demonstrating that TENS can be effective in reducing pain after only a few applications and after short treatment periods. We have found our protocol on selection of TENS units and our treatment regimen to be effective for most of our patients.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1976

Results of treatment of chronic low-back pain at the Portland Pain Center.

We have evaluated 100 consecutive patients with low-back pain admitted to the Portland Pain Center. The average patient had been disabled for about 6 years, and had had an average of two surgical attempts to improve his symptoms. Most of the patients considered had open claims with their Workmen's Compensation carriers. Significant gains were demonstrated in drug reduction, general well behavior, and increased range of motion and exercise tolerance. The Pain Center setting provides a multidisciplinary approach to the treatment of chronic low-back pain. Significant increases in functional capacity are demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of scientific societies in disseminating knowledge and fostering research on x-rays.

On December 28, 1895, W.C. Röntgen submitted to the Wurzburg Physical Medical Society his paper, "On a New Kind of Rays," for publication. By the time he presented it orally on January 23, 1896, worldwide interest had been generated by newspaper publicity, which first appeared on January 7. Scientific societies through their meetings and official journals played an important part in stimulating interest and fostering research on X-rays. This paper notes specific contributions of some of these medical societies, particularly the American Philosophical Society, the New York Electrical Society, the New York Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Sciences, and the American Electro-Therapeutic Association. By the end of 1896, 50 scientific books and more than 1000 scientific papers on X-rays had been published.

Academies and Institutes↗