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Results for “Emollients”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Tretinoin emollient cream: a new therapy for photodamaged skin.

BACKGROUND: Tretinoin administered topically in 0.1% concentration has been shown to improve the wrinkling and irregular pigmentation of photoaged skin. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of various concentrations of tretinoin in a new emollient cream base in the treatment of photoaged skin. METHODS: Three concentrations of tretinoin (0.05%, 0.01%, and 0.001%) in a new emollient cream formulation were compared with vehicle in a 24-week, double-blind, randomized, multicenter study of 296 subjects with photodamaged facial skin. RESULTS: Tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% gave a significantly better global response to therapy than vehicle (p less than 0.001), with 68% of subjects exhibiting improvement at the end of therapy, compared with 43% of subjects in the vehicle group. An excellent or good response was found in 26% of subjects treated with tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% versus 11% of vehicle-treated subjects. Fine wrinkling, mottled hyperpigmentation, and roughness were more improved in subjects who received tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% than in vehicle-treated subjects (p less than 0.05). No significant difference was found between vehicle and tretinoin emollient cream 0.01% or 0.001%. Histologic examination showed increases in epidermal and granular layer thickness, decreased melanin content and compaction of the stratum corneum after therapy with tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% or 0.01%. Mild to moderate skin reactions, such as erythema, peeling, and burning, were the most common side effects and, although most prevalent in the group using the 0.05% concentration, generally did not limit tretinoin use. CONCLUSION: Tretinoin emollient cream 0.05% appears to be safe and effective in the treatment of photodamaged skin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

Skin replica analysis of photodamaged skin after therapy with tretinoin emollient cream.

Computerized image analysis of silicone replicas, a reproducible, objective technique for measuring skin topography, was used in addition to clinical measures in two multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled studies of tretinoin emollient cream, a new formulation for treating photodamaged skin. Previously, the skin replica technique had been successfully used in a pilot study of tretinoin 0.05% cream by one investigator. In the present studies, subjects treated for 24 weeks with tretinoin emollient 0.05% cream consistently showed more improvement in skin topography than did vehicle-treated patients. A 0.01% concentration of tretinoin emollient cream also improved skin topography to a greater extent than the vehicle, while the lowest concentration tested (0.001%) showed little difference from vehicle. These results, reflecting a smoothening of the skin surface in tretinoin emollient cream-treated subjects, were consistent with clinical data showing greater improvement in fine wrinkling and roughness after tretinoin emollient cream therapy than after vehicle therapy. Findings from these multicenter studies confirm the value of the skin replica technique and help establish the efficacy of tretinoin emollient 0.05% cream for photodamaged skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cutting oil dermatitis on guinea pig skin. (II). Emollient creams and cutting oil dermatitis.

The effect of repeated exposure of cutting oil on 8 guinea pigs' skin was evaluated by visual scoring for erythema and skin water vapour loss (SVL) measurement over a 6-week period. The visual scores (measuring severity of erythema) and SVL values were significantly higher on skin treated with cutting oils (positive control) compared to untreated skin (negative control) throughout the study period. The scores and SVL values returned to near-baseline values when cutting oil application was stopped. In addition, the effect of 2 "after-work" emollient creams on 8 guinea pigs' skin repeatedly treated with a cutting oil was assessed by similar methods. The visual scores and SVL values of guinea pig skin that was repeatedly treated with the cutting oil and moisturized with "after-work" emollient creams, were significantly higher than negative and positive control guinea pig skin. It appeared that the 2 "after-work" emollient creams do not alleviate the irritant effect of the cutting oil on guinea pig skin. They appeared to aggravate the irritant effect of the cutting oil.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The increase in skin hydration after application of emollients with different amounts of lipids.

Emollients can increase the water content in the stratum corneum by delivery of their water to the skin, and by occlusion. These two mechanisms were studied using three preparations with different concentrations of lipids. The products were applied to the skin and then removed by cleaning the surface after 5 and 40 min. The increase in skin water loss following removal of product residue was considered as a release of excess water in the skin. Exposure of the skin to pure petrolatum for 5 min gave no increase in the water loss from the skin surface following removal of the product residue. A lipid rich cream (66% lipids) gave a significant increase, but the highest increase was found after removal of an ordinary cream (27% lipids). Release of water from the skin indicates that water in the creams had previously been absorbed into the skin. The occluding properties of the products were determined after 40 min of exposure. Petrolatum reduced the water loss by approximately 50% and the other products by 16%. The occlusion caused an increase of water in the skin, which resulted in a release of water following removal of the products. The release was related to the reduction of water loss. Thus petrolatum gave a higher release of water than the other emollients.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1992

Water-in-oil emollients as steroid-sparing adjunctive therapy in the treatment of psoriasis.

An open label study of ninety-six patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis demonstrated the efficacy of the addition of water-in-oil emollients to a topical corticosteroid regimen. Twice daily application of betamethasone dipropionate cream and once daily application of both betamethasone dipropionate cream and either a water-in-oil based moisturizing cream or lotion were equivalent in efficacy (p = 0.05). Once daily application of both betamethasone dipropionate cream and either a water-in-oil based cream or lotion was significantly better than once daily application of betamethasone dipropionate cream alone (p = 0.05). Water-in-oil emollients are useful in the therapy of chronic, plaque-type psoriasis and provide a steroid-sparing effect.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1979

Effects of emollients on ultraviolet-radiation-induced erythema of the skin.

Several commonly used emollients were studied as to their effectiveness in absorbing and filtering erythema-causing ultraviolet radiation in the 280 to 315 nm range (UVB). Planter's Peanut Oil (Standard Brands) and Mazola Corn Oil (Best Foods Inc) had no effect; Alpha Keri Bath Oil (Westwood Pharmaceuticals), mineral oil, and Johnson's Baby Oil (Johnson & Johnson Co) had minimal effects. Vaseline Petroleum Jelly (Chesebrough-Ponds Inc), petrolatum, and hydrophilic ointment substantially reduced the erythema that was induced by exposure to low doses of UVB radiation. Therefore, these emollients may interfere with the therapeutic effects of the ultraviolet radiation component of the Goeckerman treatment when it is administered in low doses to patients with psoriasis.

Dermatologic Agents↗
PubMed1991

A clinical study on the efficacy of two commercial veterinary emollients (MicroPearls and Humilac) in the management of wintertime dry skin in dogs.

Twenty dogs with wintertime dry skin were treated with 2 commercial veterinary emollients. All dogs received weekly treatment for 4 weeks according to manufacturers' recommendations. In one-half of the dogs, treatment was initiated with MicroPearls (2 weeks) and followed with Humilac (2 weeks). This sequence was reversed for the other one-half of the dogs. MicroPearls was the superior product in 16 of the 20 dogs (80%). Side effects were rare with either product.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Study of efficacy of urea compound versus emollient cream in avulsive therapy of dystrophic nails.

The efficacy of commercially available urea compound was evaluated in twenty dystrophic nails in ten matched pairs of patients and compared to an emollient cream used under an occlusive dressing for seven days. The results of the study indicate no significant differences between the two treatment modalities. Both procedures provided excellent avulsion of dystrophic nails.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1979

Multicenter trial of fluocinonide in an emollient cream base.

Working independently, eight investigators evaluated the clinical effectiveness of fluocinonide 0.05% in a three-week double-blind paired comparison trial of 240 patients. Half the investigators compared fluocinonide emollient cream with betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, while the remaining four compared the study drug with triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% cream in the treatment of psoriasis. Statistical analysis showed clinical responses favored fluocinonide p = 0.021 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the atopic dermatitis group and p = 0.001 (Wilcoxon Signed Rank) for the psoriasis group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Toxic contact dermatitis in hairdresser trainees: study of therapy with steroid-free, pH-stabilized emollients].

In a pilot study on 869 trainee hairdressers eczematous changes of the hands, presenting as chronic toxic contact eczema, were found in 42-55% of the investigated persons. In a subsequent therapeutic study involving 144 trainee hairdressers who had marked chronic toxic contact eczema, it was shown that regular use of pH-stabilized creams and ointments and use of non-alkaline soaps are effective and the use of cortisone ointments should not be necessary. It was demonstrated that 70% of the probands showed clear improvement in eczematous changes as controlled by colour changes in the nitrazine yellow test. However, 30% of those investigated were not thought to be able to continue as hairdressers. These results enable early detection of persons in whom a change of occupation seems indicated. Furthermore, treatment of young persons permits maximal curative changes and represents a model of preventive medicine in dermatology.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1988

Hydration of human stratum corneum studied in vivo by optothermal infrared spectrometry, electrical capacitance measurement, and evaporimetry.

Optothermal infrared spectrometry (OTIS) is a recently introduced method for specific measurement, in vivo, of water in the skin. In the present study the method proved well suited to register the increase in water content in stratum corneum following application of emollients. The results were compared with those obtained with a commercial instrument, the Corneometer, and the two methods were found to match very closely. Neither method indicated any difference in hydration of normal skin between young and elderly women. Evaporimetry was used to detect any influence on the water barrier function of the skin following application of emollients; even though the water content of the skin was significantly higher after emollient treatment, the transepidermal water loss remained unchanged.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Handwashing in Finland.

To prevent skin problems we have recommended in Finland that hospital personnel should avoid soap or other detergents for handwashing and instead use alcoholic preparations containing emollients such as 2% glycerol. Alcohol with emollient disinfection is used frequently in hospitals and it causes fewer complaints of skin dryness than washing with soap. However, there are still members of staff who have hand skin problems. Our studies conducted during winter have shown that when these persons used emulsion for hand cleansing, instead of washing with soap, skin deterioration was much less, allowing alcoholic disinfection of the hands whenever necessary, without impairment of the disinfecting effect of alcohol.

Alcohols↗
PubMed1990

Intermittent use of an antimicrobial hand gel for reducing soap-induced irritation of health care personnel.

We evaluated the effects of an antimicrobial hand gel (containing 60% ethanol plus emollients) on skin condition when used as a supplement to handwashing. Volunteers washed their hands 10 times per day for 5 days with a bar soap. Between washings one hand was treated with 1.0 ml of the gel while the other hand was untreated. By the conclusion of the study the gel-treated hands exhibited significantly lower (p less than 0.05) photographic scores for cracking, scaling, and erythema (redness), the major symptoms of dry, irritated skin. The gel treatment also helped to maintain normal skin hydration levels as measured by transepidermal water loss and skin impedance. By reducing soap-induced irritation, an alcohol gel with the appropriate emollients can help eliminate a major deterrent to handwashing among health care personnel.

Adult↗