PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Employment Status”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Female work experience, employment status, and birth expectations: sequential decision-making in the Philippines.

The influence of women's birth parity and accumulated market skills on their current labor force participation and birth expectations is examined within a sequential choice framework. Analysis of household data from the 1973 Philippines National Demographic Survey suggests these patterns: (a) women who have accumulated larger families work less in the current period and anticipate fewer additional births; (b) women with more past work experience tend to work more hours in the current period; and (c) work experience appears to have only a weak negative effect on birth expectations among older women.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some social factors related to control of diabetes mellitus in adult Jamaican patients.

A population of 103 adult diabetic patients was interviewed at the Outpatient Clinic for diabetic patients of the University Hospital of the West Indies to examine the effects of severity of the illness and social variables, such as facilities at home, education attained, employment status, informal medication, and understanding of the illness in relation to its control. Patients were classified as severe if there were clinical evidence of vascular or neurologic complications of diabetes and as mild if there were no complications. Control of diabetes was regarded as good if the patients were free from or had less than 2+ glycosuria and as poor if they had had 2+ or more glycosuria during the six months before the study. We found that the quality of control was mainly determined by the severity of the disease. In the mild diabetic, proper diabetic control was not influenced by any social variable examined. In the severe diabetic the quality of control was associated with social amenities, educational status, employment status, and understanding of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Sex roles, occupational roles, and symptom-reporting: a test of competing hypotheses on sex differences.

The sick-role, fixed-role obligations, symptom-reporting, and nurturant-role hypotheses of sex differences in utilization of health services and symptom-reporting were tested against each other. Fifty-one nontraditional college students completed the Cornell Medical Index (CMI), the Bem Sex Role Inventory, and questions regarding their employment status. Employment status and feminine characteristics emerged as the best predictors of symptom-reporting on the CMI and suggested that the sick-role hypothesis may be empirically superior to the others.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Demand for alcohol treatment by problem drinkers.

Problem drinkers applying for treatment at both outpatient and inpatient treatment programs were compared with problem drinkers identified in a general population survey. The characteristics in which these populations differ were interpreted as factors contributing to the demand for treatment and, thus, indicative of the need for alcohol treatment. Older problem drinkers appear to apply for treatment more frequently, and the same is true for divorced and unemployed or disabled problem drinkers. More important, age, marital status, and employment status were found to contribute to the demand for alcohol treatment independent of alcohol consumption. It can be concluded from this study that the demand for alcohol treatment is not determined by alcohol consumption alone, suggesting that alcohol treatment should not only focus on alcohol consumption but also focus on problems related to marital and employment status in order to prevent future need for alcohol treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Social and psychologic influences on employment of married nurses.

Seven summary factors were obtained from a principal components factor analysis and Varimax rotation of 21 variables, based on 145 pieces of information given by 1,998 nurses in metropolitan Detroit, Michigan, in 1973. Study nurses were under 60 years of age, were married and living with spouse, and had at least one child 18 or younger. The factors were: career desirability, professional attitude, professional behavior, achievement personality, conducive home situation, economic value of work, and satisfaction with nursing. When these factors were compared with employment status-1) current employment activity of all subjects, 2) subjects whose employment status was constant for five years, highest scores were registered in both categories on career desirability, professional behavior, and economic value of work. Both groups of nurses scored lowest on satisfaction with nursing, with the five-year employees scoring lower. When the seven factors were correlated with employment status while controlling financial need and age of youngest child at home, highest correlation scores resulted for professional behavior, career desirability, and, in the case of those with financial need, on the economic value of nursing.

Achievement↗
PubMed1978

Employment patterns of male methadone maintenance patients.

The employment patterns of 342 male methadone maintenance patients who remained in treatment for at least 1 year are examined. Four periods in the patients' lives are considered: (1) the period before addiction, (2) the period of addiction, (3) the time of entry into the treatment program, and (4) the first treatment year. Although more than three-quarters of the patients were employed regularly during the period before addiction, only about one-quarter were employed while addicted. At entry into the program 15% were employed, and 25% worked regularly during the first treatment year. An examination of some semographic, social, and work-related correlates of employment status during each period revealed that factors such as ethnicity, educational attainment, marital status, alcohol use, previous employment, and attitudes toward work were all important in relation to patients' employment status at one or more of the four periods. The treatment program had only a moderate impact on patients' attitudes toward work and employment behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Female criminality and the prediction of recidivism. A prospective six-year follow-up.

A prospective, six-year follow-up investigation of 66 convicted female felons indicated that psychiatric, social, and familial factors defined and measured at the time of the index study affected the rate of criminal recidivism. Wide individual variation in the course of female criminality was observed. Prolonged supervision on parole or probation appeared to have therapeutic benefit. The most powerful predictors of recidivism were the diagnoses of drug dependence and antisocial personality, and a history of homosexuality. Familial criminality and maternal hysteria were also associated with an increased risk of serious and persistent recidivism. Educational, marital, and employment status contributed to a lesser extent, while race and type of index offense were only significant (P less than .05) when minor offenses were considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Women's social roles and their exercise participation.

How women's social roles such as parenthood, marital status and employment status affect their exercise participation, is important for the rational planning of suitable and effective exercise programs for women in different social contexts. A secondary analysis of a large data-base of urban women aged 20-49 (n = 5939) was carried out to determine if social roles, their characteristics and their combinations were related to women's exercise participation. Parenthood and marital status were significantly related to whether women exercise, and among those exercising, all three roles were significantly related to the amount of exercise. Statistical modelling, including all three roles and their interactions, controlling for age and education, showed that with respect to whether women exercise, parenthood affected exercise participation most and that its effect was dependent on age. Of the role characteristics only the number of children and overall satisfaction with daily activities improved the prediction of exercising. With respect to how much women exercise, the effect of parenthood interacted with marital status. Married parents were least likely to exercise very much. Of the role characteristics only overall satisfaction with daily activities improved the prediction of the amount of exercise.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Registered nurses' opionions on an extended role concept.

Using a Likert-type questionnaire, opinions of 800 professional registered nurses in Texas, selected at random, were surveyed on the extended role concept as reflected by the family nurse clinician (FNC). Thirty percent of the questionnaires were returned and used for data analysis. The survey found that the nurses' years of nursing experience, employment status, field of employment, and education background influenced their opinions on the extent they thought the FNC could assume the defined responsibilities, the areas of the health care delivery system in which the FNC could exert a positive influence, and anticipated problem areas for the practicing FNC. Strongly supportive of the role, the nurses favored the FNC's assuming considerable responsibility in the delivery of primary health care.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1992

Rehabilitation of young adults during renal replacement therapy in Europe. 2. Schooling, employment, and social situation.

The educational status, employment rate and social situation were studied in 617 patients between 21 and 35 years of age who started renal replacement therapy (RRT) as children. The data were derived from a special questionnaire concerning disability and rehabilitation sent to dialysis and transplant centres reporting to the EDTA Registry. Fifty-six percent of patients completed secondary school and one in three went on to vocational training. Eleven percent of patients attended university, and 16% were reported to have gone to a special school for the handicapped. Up to one-third of patients who attended different school types failed to complete their education. There were notable geographical differences in schooling and in employment. Fifty-six percent of all patients were employed. Lack of schooling was considered to be a major reason for unemployment. Sixty-one percent of patients with disabilities and 34% without disabilities were receiving invalidity payments. The place of residence of these patients aged 21-35 was usually the parental home. Compared to the general population of similar age, only a few patients were married (13.5% of the total study group) and 8% had children. In summary, the present report shows that the major factors influencing rehabilitation on RRT are the presence of disabilities, the method of treatment, geographical factors, duration of RRT, and the underlying primary renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

A re-examination of widowhood and morale.

Previous research has suggested widowed status to be associated with lower morale or life satisfaction. The effects of marital status on morale relative to five covariates (health, income, age, family interaction, and employment status) were examined with 232 widowed and 363 married women aged 45-74, drawn in a multistage stratified area probability sample of Los Angeles County. Analysis of covariance was utilized with a six-item, factor analyzed measure of morale. Parallel analyses were performed for each of three ethnic groups (blacks, Mexican-American, and white) to examine specific ethnic patterns. In the total sample, poor health was associated with significantly lower morale among widowed than among married women. The analysis with age showed the widowed group catching up and surpassing their married peers on morale at higher ages. Controlling for income and employment status eliminated differences between the marital status groups on morale scores. Higher family interaction was positively associated with morale in both groups, but married women were consistently higher on morale regardless of level of interaction. Most ethnic differences were not significant, but family interaction appeared to be crucial among Mexican-American widows. The findings suggest that lower morale scores found among the widowed may be partly attributable to other factors commonly associated with this status and not due to the role of widowhood per se.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Mental health, race and ethnicity: a retrospective study of the care of ethnic minorities and whites in a psychiatric unit.

A retrospective case-note study of 152 discharged psychiatric patients (77 subjects of ethnic minority origin and 75 whites) examined for details of follow-up arrangements on discharge, compliance rate with out-patient appointments and details on length of stay, status on admission, employment status, record of illicit drug taking and diagnosis. The results show that in the areas of diagnosis, possible illicit drug involvement, status on admission and length of stay, there are significant differences between Afro-Caribbean subjects and others.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Social factors and height of primary schoolchildren in England and Scotland.

In 1972 the height of 7601 children aged five to 11.5 years in England and of 2214 in Scotland was measured. Their parents were asked to complete a questionnaire to provide social and antrhopometric information. A sequence of linear models was fitted to the data to assess the associations between social and biological factors and height. At the time of the study it was found that sibship size, father's social class, and his employment status all had a significant relationship with child's height; however, parents' height and child's birthweight both accounted for relatively more of the variance in child's height than father's social class and employment status. In England, sibship size significantly influenced the height of children of manual workers, but not that of nonmanual workers' children. In Scotland, sibship size was associated with height in all social groups. Surveillance and possibly intervention in a wide range of activities should be directed at socially more deprived groups; for example, in Social Class V, in which there are more large families and unemployment is more common.

Birth Weight↗