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[Hormonal therapy of menopause: 2004 position of the Department of Female Endocrinology and Andrology of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism].

After randomized clinical trials produced impact and questions at the medical community on menopause hormonal therapy (MHT), the Department of Female Endocrinology and Andrology of the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology convened a group of specialists to produce an informative, critical and position paper, offering guidelines for those who practice or are called to express their opinion on menopause therapy. MHT is indicated for relief of vasomotor symptoms, maintenance of vaginal tropism, bone mass and collagen preservation, sexual and general well-being. Studies on primary cardiovascular prevention are not conclusive, and thus insufficient to indicate or not MHT for this purpose. Schemes and forms of association should de individualized. Whenever possible, one should use 17-beta estradiol, associated to natural progesterone or its derivatives in women with an intact uterus, at the lowest effective doses. Duration of therapy depends on its aims, and should be periodically re-evaluated through an individual indication/contra-indication balance. Orientation toward a healthier lifestyle, with smoking cessation, adequate calcium intake and a low fat diet, together with regular physical activity is fundamental during menopause.

Brazil↗

Evidence-based endocrinology. Finding the current best research evidence for practice in endocrinology.

New medical information is accumulating at an astonishing rate. It is available in many forms and flavors, and information seekers benefit from being discriminating in searches for answers to clinical problems. Few problems can be addressed satisfactorily simply by entering some relevant content terms into Medline. Such a search, unless the problem is rare, usually results in a flood of citations with no arrangement according to quality, and the user must determine painstakingly which citations are relevant and clinically useful. Fortunately, evidence-based information services are catching up with the growth of the medical literature. Such services organize and provide access to the current best evidence at the point of need. We have described a "4 S" hierarchy of evidence-based resources to help focus a practitioner's information seeking strategies, with systems at the highest level of organization, followed by synopses, syntheses, and studies. Practitioners should become familiar with the best access routes for regularly updated services of relevance to their interests and direct their inquiries initially to the highest level of organization of information that exists for their interests. Evidence-based resources continue to be created and evolve, so keeping an eye out for new resources and examining their pedigrees according to the "4 S" approach permit practitioners to assemble and organize an ever-improving personal evidence-based library for endocrinology.

Endocrine System Diseases↗