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Results for “Environmental Pollutants”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Motorized exercise wheel for exposure of small animals to environmental pollutants.

For environmental inhalation studies a motorized exercise wheel was designed for small laboratory animals. Mice or hamsters were separated in individual enclosures, and each animal was required to perform the same exercise. The wheel was driven by a common barbecue spit motor, the speed of which may be varied by a standard variable transformer, from 1-6 revolutions per min. This unit can be adapted for a variety of laboratory applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Molecular and genetic damage in humans from environmental pollution in Poland.

Extreme environmental pollution such as that found in the highly industrialized Silesian region of Poland has been associated with increased risk of cancer and adverse reproductive outcomes. Among the most prevalent carcinogenic and mutagenic air pollutants in Silesia are the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) which are largely produced by industrial and residential combustion of coal. Molecular epidemiology aims to prevent disease by using biological markers to identify risks well before clinical onset to allow effective intervention. Here, we use a battery of biological markers to measure molecular and genetic damage in peripheral blood samples from residents of Silesia and from persons living in a rural, less polluted area of Poland. The results show that their exposure to environmental pollution is associated with significant increases in carcinogen-DNA adducts (PAH-DNA and aromatic adducts), in sister chromatid exchange including high-frequency cells, and in chromosomal aberrations as well as a doubling in the frequency of ras oncogene overexpression. We found that aromatic adducts on DNA were significantly correlated with chromosomal mutation, providing us with a molecular link between environmental exposure and a genetic alteration relevant to cancer and reproductive risk.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Environmental pollution and congenital abnormalities according to the data of environmental health monitoring].

Study of the environmental pollution (ambient air, drinking water, food and fodder) in southern Ukraine industrial region and study of congenital developmental defects were carried out. 78,678 newborns were examined. The most significant environmental factors responsible for congenital developmental defects, as authors proposed, were the ambient air pollution and environmental radioactivity.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Regional differences in dietary intake of environmental pollutants in Japan.

In order to study regional differences in the dietary intake of environmental pollutants in Japan, we measured the daily intake ingested via food (the main route for pollutant intake) and analyzed the data by multivariate analysis. Daily mean samples were collected by the duplicate method from 25 women per area in 5 cities in both northern and southern Japan in July, 1987. Cadmium, lead, benzo(a)pyrene, hexachlorobenzene, DDT, chlordane isomers, and the total amount of the isomers were determined for typical pollutants. The data were statistically analyzed by multivariate analysis. Regional differences in the daily intake of environmental pollutants were studied by discriminant analysis. The eigenvalues of the functions 1 and 2, which accounted for 84.8% of variance, were 0.647 and 0.221, respectively. The function 1 was related to regional differences in the intake of environmental pollutants in the northern and southern regions of Japan. The statistical distance calculated from the intake of environmental pollutants correlated well with the geographical distance. The coefficients of the canonical discriminant function 1 were large in the order of lead (Pb) and the total amount of chlordane isomers (T-CLD). The regional difference was assumed to be due to the intake of Pb in the north and the intake of T-CLD in the south. Other pollutants, however, did not contribute to the observed regional difference. The study shows that performing multivariate analysis by computer provides a useful means for processing a large amount of data and can provide important information for data analysis in environmental health.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The study of calculation method of a health index for assessing the health effects of environmental pollution].

The calculation method of a health index for assessing the health effects of environmental pollution is reported. The practice of using this method to assessing health effects of environmental pollution demonstrates the method is reasonable. In the case of assessing the health effects without the normal value of indication the health index is special useful.

Environmental Pollution↗
PubMed1992

[Contamination of production animals with environmental pollutants and public health risk].

Exposure to dairy products contaminated as a result of environmental pollution can be an important route of exposure for humans. Whether this route of exposure will cause a serious health risk depends on many factors. In this paper three examples of different types of environmental pollution are discussed with regard to exposure to contaminated dairy products. Specific groups in the Dutch population could be at risk, because the "silent" chronic contamination of dairy products. Human risk assessment, on which many standards for tolerable levels of contaminants in food are based, should take into account not only exposure of the average human, but also the more than average exposure of specific groups at risk.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Plants as transfer factor of environmental pollutants to domestic animals].

Environmental contaminants in pasture and fodder crops may be 'carried over' to animal products and thus contribute to the contaminant burden of man. The processes by which plants collect contaminants from their environment can be divided into three categories: interception (mainly atmospheric deposition), surface contamination from adhering soil, and uptake from the soil (either by roots or by leaves after volatilization). In the field all processes may operate at the same time, but one is them often predominates. Identification of the (most) relevant process is a prerequisite for effective measures to reduce the burden of contaminants in plants and animals as well as man.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

[Congenital developmental defects in children and environmental pollution].

In one of the southern regions of the Ukraine, analysis was made over the recent three years of the genetic monitoring data on the incidence and structure of congenital developmental abnormalities in the newborn as related to the status of environmental pollution (the content of dust, carbon black, carbon and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and sulfur dioxides, hydrogen sulfide, formaldehyde, phenol, fluorine compounds in the atmospheric air; the content of toxic chemicals and pesticides in foods, soil, water and feeds) as well as to the radiation situation. In the region under study, areas with varying degree of environmental pollution were distinguished. That was mainly done in terms of the characteristics of the atmospheric air and (to a less degree) varying annual dose of external radiation on conversion to one inhabitant. Analysis of the genetic monitoring has demonstrated the prevalence of congenital abnormalities, in the genesis of which the mutation component was of paramount importance, to be significantly higher in an ecologically unsafe area. The data obtained can be used in the regional programs aimed at the improvement of the environment, a reduction of the influence of exogenous risk factors implicated in the formation of congenital developmental abnormalities in children.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed2026

Proteomics in environmental pollution research: Advances, challenges, and future directions.

Environmental proteomics has emerged as a powerful approach for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying pollutant-induced biological effects. Although this field has developed rapidly, the systematic review of recent proteomics applications in environmental pollution research remains limited. This review explored the emerging roles of toxicoproteomics in biomarker discovery and mechanistic elucidation, as well as ecotoxicoproteomics in ecological risk assessment and bioremediation strategies. Here, we review the field, highlighting recent trends such as the integration of proteomics with genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to provide a comprehensive view of biological responses to environmental stressors. We further discuss the growing application of artificial intelligence in improving proteomics data interpretation and accelerating biomarker discovery. In addition, recent technological advances in environmental proteomics are highlighted, including next-generation tissue microarray proteomics, nanoscale proteomics, single-cell proteomics, and spatial proteomics. Despite its potential, proteomics faces challenges, such as high operational costs, computational complexity in analysis, and technical limitations in low-abundance protein detection. We propose that the convergence of proteomics with artificial intelligence and multi-omics approaches offers promising solutions to these challenges, enhancing the practical application of proteomics in environmental monitoring and risk assessment.

Proteomics↗