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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Haemoconcentration by gelatin-induced acceleration of erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rates from 40 suspensions of packed red blood cells in modified fluid gelatin, 4% albumin solution, 6% hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were measured at room temperature using Westergren's method. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was extremely high in gelatin and this increase was significant after 10-60 min when compared with the other fluids. Erythrocyte sedimentation rates in albumin, hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline were low and there were no differences between these fluids [erythrocyte sedimentation after 60 min, median (interquartile range): gelatin 128 (111.2-130.0) mm, albumin 2 (1.5-2.0) mm, hydroxyethyl starch 1.5 (1.0-1.6) mm, normal saline 2 (1.9-2.5) mm, p < 0.0001]. The addition of twice the volume of modified fluid gelatin to a volume of red blood cells leads to rapid acceleration of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. This is caused by increased erythrocyte aggregation, and in clinical practice this effect may be useful for the haemoconcentration of diluted blood from cardiopulmonary bypass circuits or cell-saver autotransfusion in paediatric surgery.

Albumins↗
PubMed2002

Disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: fibrinogen is superior to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the most widely used assays to measure the laboratory aspect of the acute-phase response, being of great value in monitoring disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The ESR is influenced by several factors, and mainly by fibrinogen. Therefore the relationships between ESR, fibrinogen and CRP and their correlations with a patient questionnaire score on activities of daily living, the Modified Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (MHAQ) were studied. Fifty-four consecutive patients with RA admitted to the hospital were recruited to this cross-sectional study. Strong mutual correlations were found between the studied acute-phase markers (p<0.000000001). Fibrinogen and CRP rates showed highly significant correlations with MHAQ, whereas ESR did not. We suggest that ESR could be replaced by fibrinogen in the assessment of RA in order more accurately to assess the slower component of the acute-phase response and to have a variable that shows better correlation with disability.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate has been used for over 50 years for everything from predicting disease severity to assessing general sickness index. Its perceived utility has been based on medical myths and its use too often based only on a consultant's demand or a shotgun approach to diagnosis. This article focuses on examining the specific utility of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the emergency department as a tool for predicting both disease likelihood and severity.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1999

Clinical utility of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) determination is a commonly performed laboratory test with a time-honored role. However, the usefulness of this test has decreased as new methods of evaluating disease have been developed. The test remains helpful in the specific diagnosis of a few conditions, including temporal arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica and, possibly, rheumatoid arthritis. It is useful in monitoring these conditions and may predict relapse in patients with Hodgkin's disease. Use of the ESR as a screening test to identify patients who have serious disease is not supported by the literature. Some studies suggest that the test may be useful as a "sickness index" in the elderly or as a screening tool for a few specific infections in certain settings. An extreme elevation of the ESR is strongly associated with serious underlying disease, most often infection, collagen vascular disease or metastatic malignancy. When an increased rate is encountered with no obvious clinical explanation, the physician should repeat the test after an appropriate interval rather than pursue an exhaustive search for occult disease.

Arteritis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Temporal arteritis with normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is used to differentiate temporal arteritis from other forms of headache in the elderly. Though temporal arteritis can occur with a normal ESR, this is not generally appreciated in primary care. The case reported here is a 74-year-old woman with biopsy-proven temporal arteritis; her ESR was 22 mm/hr. Of note, her hematocrit was more than 40 percent, a condition previously reported to be associated with temporal arteritis and a normal ESR. This discussion focuses on the diagnosis of temporal arteritis and its associated symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

The micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate in black neonates and children. Part II. A comparative study of the micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein test and total white cell count.

The value of determination of the micro-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), testing for the presence of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and the total white cell count (WCC) has been assessed in neonates and children, both healthy and in disease states. The results show that collective and maximum use of all three investigations aids diagnosis because these tests are simple, quick, cheap and easy to perform. Furthermore, the study has demonstrated that compared with a high ESR and WCC, the presence of CRP was the best single indicator of infection. The CRP test has the greatest predictive value and sensitivity in that it indicates the intensity of an infection as well as the patient's response to therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of blood echogenicity as an alternative measure to erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relation between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and blood echogenicity and whether measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate could be replaced by measurement of blood echogenicity in monitoring acute phase reactions. DESIGN: Simultaneous measurement of echogenicity of flowing blood and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in blood samples and comparison of results. SETTING: A radiological department in a university hospital. SUBJECTS: 83 patients with a suspected venous thrombosis and 36 healthy volunteers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlations between the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, packed cell volume, and echogenicity of flowing blood. RESULTS: Blood echogenicity correlated poorly with the packed cell volume, but strongly correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (when the packed cell volume was within reference limits) (correlation coefficient = 0.73). Blood samples with a greatly raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate were highly echogenic. Only one of the 30 samples with an erythrocyte sedimentation rate below 10 mm in first hour had a higher echogenicity than the least echogenic sample of the 19 with a sedimentation rate above 30 mm in first hour. CONCLUSIONS: Echogenicity of flowing blood correlates with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate and its measurement may compete with conventional methods for evaluating the long term changes in acute phase reactions. Also, it has the added advantage that non-invasive in vivo measurements of blood echogenicity may become possible.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1985

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate. From folklore to facts.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a simple, inexpensive laboratory test that clinicians have used for decision-making for over 50 years. Despite this fact, many criticize the test because of its lack of specificity and because the concept of erythrocyte sedimentation rate as a "sickness index" seems scientifically unsound. This review discusses the physical and chemical properties that govern red blood cell sedimentation, how sedimentation is measured, and the way in which the erythrocyte sedimentation rate has previously been used to assist in the diagnosis of infectious, inflammatory, or neoplastic disease. The clinical significance, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of a low or elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate are also re-evaluated.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1991

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate after lumbar spine surgery.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and total white cell count were measured in 110 patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery. Measurements were made before surgery; at 2 and 4 days; and at 1, 2, 6, and 16 weeks after surgery. A rapid increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate was seen with peak value on the fourth postoperative day. After 2 weeks, the values were normalized for the majority of patients. Maximum mean peak value was seen 4 days after surgery for fusion (ESR = 102), which was higher than after disc surgery (ESR = 75). There was no corresponding change in total white cell count. No deep infection was noted in the study group. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate values and total white blood cell count at the time of diagnosis for five patients with postoperative deep infection were used for comparison. At the time of diagnosis, all patients with deep infection had an erythrocyte sedimentation rate value exceeding the corresponding mean value (+ 2 SD). Total white cell count was slightly elevated in one of the five infected patients; the remaining four had a normal count. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate determination shows a homogenous pattern with rapid increase and decline after lumbar spinal surgery in patients without postoperative infection, and patients with postoperative deep infection at the time of diagnosis show erythrocyte sedimentation rate elevation to a degree that usually makes the result diagnostic.

Blood Sedimentation↗
PubMed2001

Pregnancy and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the range of erythrocyte sedimentation rate values obtained in healthy pregnant women. To examine the effect of gestational age and haemoglobin concentration on erythrocyte sedimentation rate. SETTING: Queen Charlotte's Hospital, London, UK. DESIGN: Cross sectional descriptive study. Population Healthy pregnant women attending for routine outpatient antenatal visits at Queen Charlotte's Hospital in London. METHODS: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate was determined by the Westergren method, haemoglobin concentration by automated cell counter and gestational age by ultrasonography. The median and 95% reference range was determined for erythrocyte sedimentation rate values obtained. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence of haemoglobin concentration and gestational age on erythrocyte sedimentation rate. RESULTS: For 1,019 women examined, the range of erythrocyte sedimentation rate values obtained was 4-112 mm/ h. Gestational age and haemoglobin concentration both significantly influenced erythrocyte sedimentation rate. (P < 0.0001). For non-anaemic women the 95% reference range rose from 18-48 mm/h in the first half of pregnancy to 30-70 mm/h in the second half of pregnancy. For anaemic women the corresponding reference ranges were 21-62 mm/h and 40-95 mm/h, respectively. CONCLUSION: For the correct interpretation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate values obtained during pregnancy gestational age and haemoglobin concentration must be taken into account.

Blood Sedimentation↗
PubMed1981

Cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in men.

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was determined on 1480 initially "healthy" male participants of the Normative Aging study on three successive examinations over a ten year period. Cross-sectional analysis revealed a significant correlation between age and ESR (r = 0.20, p less than 0.001) with generally higher ESR values in older individuals. Longitudinal analysis showed significant increases in ESR among "healthy" subjects who continued to pass our criteria for good health over a ten year period (p less than 0.001) and among "excluded" subjects who did not pass these criteria (p less than 0.001). Longistic regression analysis indicated that the ESR was significantly related to risk of death among subjects less than 45 years of age (p = 0.04) but not among subjects 45 + years (p = 0.39).

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of Diesse Ves-matic automated system for measuring erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Measurement of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) using a closed tube system reduces the biohazard risk to laboratory staff. The Diesse Ves-matic system offers manual or vacuum collection of blood into plastic tubes, automated mixing of the sample, and automated reading of the end point after 20 minutes of sedimentation. This system was compared with the 1977 Westergren ESR method of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH) and with the 1988 ICSH undiluted ESR method. Manually collected Ves-matic samples showed good agreement with ICSH values, although there was a tendency to false low results at low ESR values which may represent dilution of plasma protein with excess citrate. Vacuum collected Ves-matic samples also showed good agreement with ICSH values, although there was a tendency to false high results which may reflect a change in the blood: citrate ratio caused by loss of anticoagulant diluent or vacuum from plastic tubes during storage. The Diesse Ves-matic system incorporates several improvements over previous technology and offers a safer, quicker, and more standardised ESR.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗