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PubMed1961

The secretion of oxygen into the swimbladder of fish. I. The transport of molecular oxygen.

Fish were maintained in sea water equilibrated with a gas mixture containing a non-equilibrium mixture of the three molecular species of oxygen, O(18)-O(18) (mass 36), O(18)-O(16) (mass 34), and O(16)-O(16) (mass 32). Analyses in the mass spectrometer, of the gases secreted into the swim-bladder showed that no change in the relative abundance of these three molecular species had occurred during the secretory process and that therefore no exchange of atoms between oxygen molecules had occurred. Scission of the oxygen-oxygen bond probably does not occur during the transport process. It is concluded that the active transport of oxygen into the swim-bladder by the gas gland is a transport of molecular oxygen.

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PubMed1961

The secretion of oxygen into the swim-bladder offish. II. The simultaneous transport of carbon monoxide and oxygen.

Toadfish, Opsanus tau, L., were maintained in sea water equilibrated with gas mixtures containing a fixed proportion of oxygen and varying proportions of carbon monoxide. The swim-bladder was emptied by puncture, and, after an interval of 24 or 48 hours, the newly secreted gases were withdrawn and analyzed. Both carbon monoxide and oxygen are accumulated in the swim-bladder at tensions greater than ambient. The ratio of concentrations, carbon monoxide (secreted): carbon monoxide (administered) bears a constant relation to the ratio, oxygen (secreted): oxygen (administered). The value of the partition coefficient describing this relation is (alpha = 5.44). The two gases are considered to compete for a common intracellular carrier mediating their active transport. The suggestion is advanced that the intracellular oxygen carrier is a hemoglobin. Comparison of the proportions of carboxy- and oxyhemoglobin in the blood with the composition of the secreted gas proves that the secreted gases are not evolved directly from combination with blood hemoglobin. The suggestion is advanced that cellular oxygen secretion occurs in the rete mirabile: the rete may build up large oxygen tensions in the gas gland capillaries. It is suggested that the gas gland acts as a valve impeding back diffusion of gases from the swim-bladder.

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