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Results for “Femoral Artery”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Increased vascular permeability of developing collateral arteries after femoral artery ligation in rabbits.

Ligation of the main femoral artery is followed by a rapid development of collateral arteries. To detect an increase in vascular permeability of the collateral arteries, colloidal carbon (1 ml/Kg, iv) was injected into 153 rabbits at various times after ligation or sham-ligation of the main femoral artery. These animals were killed later and collateral arteries was dissected. Increase in vascular permeability was identified by the presence of visible carbon deposits on the vascular walls. The carbon deposits were frequently found on the intermediate segments of the collateral system in legs with ligation, but were not found on any arteries either in legs with sham-ligation or in contralateral untouched legs. The increase in vascular permeability was observed in 15 of 17 animals as early as 6 hours, in 32 of 36 animals 1 day but only in 5 of 21 animals 6 to 8 days after ligation. The arterial segments with carbon deposits showed various structural changes such as fragmentation of the internal elastic layer, degeneration of the medial muscle and deposition of fibrinoid material. These results indicate that vascular permeability transiently increases in the intermediate segments of developing collateral arteries. Acute vasodilatation may be responsible for the increase in vascular permeability.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Reconstruction of the deep femoral artery.

Deep femoral artery reconstruction was performed on 54 extremities. Best results were obtained in patients with severe rest pain and minor ischemic ulcerations. Intermittent claudication generally did not improve significantly. The mean operative flow to deep femoral artery was 170 mg/min. and the increase in peripheral pressure 20 mm Hg.

Amputation, Surgical↗
PubMed1978

Estimation of femoral arterial blood flow from femoral venous oxygen saturation.

In six patients in whom a femoro-popliteal vein bypass graft was performed for intermittent claudication, the relationship between the haemodynamic state of the leg and the femoral venous oxygen saturation before and after local vasodilatation was investigated. The study was undertaken with special reference to the known influence of hypovolaemia on the leg blood flow. It is concluded that a femoral venous oxygen saturation below 70%indicates that the leg blood flow is less than 200 ml/min and that the bypass flow is less than 100 ml/min and thus within a range in which the incidence of early thrombosis is high. Furthermore, an increase in femoral venous oxygen saturation of 10% or more on local vasodilatation indicates a state of hypovolaemia, necessitating further blood substitution.

Arteriosclerosis Obliterans↗
PubMed1979

Obturator canal bypass grafts for septic lesions of the femoral artery.

Infection of the femoral artery results in false aneurysm formation and hemorrhage unless appropriate reconstructive measures are taken. We reviewed ten such cases managed by obturator canal bypass with autogenous saphenous vein. The graft maintained viability of the extremity in every case in the early postoperative period. One death occurred related to cardiac disease, and there was one late failure. This experience confirms the usefulness of the obturator canal as a method for bypass of the infected femoral artery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Fluoroscopic guidance in femoral artery puncture.

Analysis of 100 femoral arteriograms demonstrated a consistent relationship between the course of the femoral artery and the femoral head. Fluoroscopic guidance can be of value in femoral puncture when the arterial pulse is diminished or obscured, for training purposes, and for analysis and correction of missed punctures.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Histochemical studies on the autonomic innervation of the femoral artery and vein.

The innervation of the femoral artery and vein in the dog was studied using: a) glyoxylic acid fluorescence (for the histochemical localization of adrenergic nerve fibers); b) acetylcholinesterase (for the histochemical localization of cholinergic nerve fibers). -Andrenergic nerve fibers and related terminals in both vessels are confined to the adventitial-medial transitional zone and the outer layers of the media. Acetylcholinesterase containing nerve fibers are localized in the adventitial-medial transitional zone of the femoral artery. These findings may indicate the presence of a cholinergic vasodilatator system in the control of the circulation in the femoral artery.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Femoral artery occlusion caused by percutaneous angiography. Mechanisms and management.

Forty-two patients developed signs of acute arterial insufficiency following percutaneous femoral angiography. Three responsible mechanisms were recognized: 1. Occlusion of the femoral artery due to stripping off of thrombus formed on the intra-arterial catheter (22 cases). 2. Distal embolization of thrombus formed at the puncture site in the femoral artery (12 cases). 3. Subintimal dissection of an atherosclerotic plaque with secondary thrombosis (8 cases). Vasospasm was not an adequate explanation for the resulting symptoms and signs of ischemia. Such a diagnosis caused delay in proper surgical therapy. Early heparinization and thrombectomy were necessary. It was successful in all but one of 35 cases. Of seven delayed cases there were complications in three.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Management of children with chronic femoral artery obstruction.

Chronic obstruction of the femoral artery in children is a complication of diagnostic angiography, cardiac catheterization and umbilical artery catheterization. We have seen 22 cases and have operated on 7. The indications for operation are claudication, muscle wasting, and shortness of the lower limb. The diagnosis is confirmed by a Doppler profile and the abnormal vascular anatomy demonstrated by angiography via the contralateral femoral artery. We have done 4 ilio-femoral, two femo-femoral and one femoro-popliteal bypass grafts utilizing the long saphenous vein. Results have been good in five, the other two grafts having thrombosed.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

Arteriosclerotic femoral artery aneurysms.

Arteriosclerotic aneurysms of the femoral artery are uncommon lesions that occur in elderly men. In 30 patients 36 aneurysms were repaired at the Toronto Western Hospital from January 1965 to June 1977. Half of the patients presented with ischemia and one quarter with an enlarging mass, and one quarter had no symptoms. Two thirds had other aneurysms and one third had suffered from cerebral or myocardial ischemia. The technique of repair changed from reconstructive aneurysmorrhaphy before 1970 to use of an interposition arterial prosthesis thereafter. Minimal groin dissection, internal control of blood flow in the deep femoral artery, and use of an appropriate arterial prosthesis provided excellent results. Surgical repair is recommended for most symptomatic ones when the patient's life expectancy is more than 2 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The relation between arterial viscoelasticity and wave propagation in the canine femoral artery in vivo.

The influence of arterial dimensions and viscoelasticity on pulse wave propagation has been expressed in many theoretical models of blood flow in arteries, but few experimental tests of these theories in vivo have been reported. The measurements required for such tests include not only the arterial viscoelasticity, diameter, and wall thickness, but also the true propagation coefficients and impedances, for comparison with the values "predicted" by solution of the model equations. We made such measurements in 16 experiments on the femoral artery in nine anesthetized dogs. A two-point pressure and flow technique was used to measure wave propagation, and an ultrasonic micrometer was used to measure vessel diameter as a function of time and pressure. Measured attenuation constants ranged from 0.010 at 1.3 Hz to 0.075 at 12.7 Hz, and were more than twice as large as those predicted by two representative linear models. True phase velocity, which increased from 6.71 m/sec at 1.3 Hz to 10.54 m/sec at 12.7 Hz, agreed closely with the values computed by the Cox model but were lower than those given by the Jager model. The resistive, but not the reactive, component of longitudinal impedance was significantly greater than predicted by the models at all frequencies. The experiments do not identify the source of these discrepancies. The use of linear models to calculate pulsatile blood flow from pressure gradients in relatively small vessels, or to calculate attenuation and characteristic impedance from arterial viscoelasticity in vessels of any size, produces significant errors.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Sepsis after catheterization of the femoral artery].

The catheterization of the femoral artery in a case of necrotic stage of obliterating endarteritis resulted in the development of sepsis. Catheterization of main arteries and intraaterial medication in patients, suffering from obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities, holds the risk of bringing the infection into the arterial bed, and, hence, such medication should be performed only under especially strict aseptic conditions.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1977

Aneurysms of the femoral artery.

Eight aneurysms of the femoral artery out of a total of 27 in 16 patients developed symptoms requiring surgery. The operation of choice was Dacron prosthetic replacement of the aneurysm with preservation of profunda femoris perfusion. The incidence of complications of aneurysms was 30 per cent. The asymptomatic aneurysms were untreated and did not cause the patients any inconvenience as observed at their follow-up. Hence, surgery is advocated only for patients who develop symptoms provided that adequate follow-up and community medicine facilities exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cerebral arterial spasm: part 9. In vitro effects of nifedipine on serotonin-, phenylephrine-, and potassium-induced contractions of canine basilar and femoral arteries.

We performed in vitro experiments with a small volume chamber to determine the inhibitory effect of nifedipine on serotonin-, phenylephrine-, and potassium-induced contractions of canine basilar and femoral arteries. Nifedipine, an inhibitor of the influx of extracellular calcium into smooth muscle cells, was found to be a sensitive inhibitor of contractions of the basilar artery induced by all three agents. In contrast, nifedipine did not significantly inhibit the serotonin- and phenylephrine-induced contractions of the femoral artery but did inhibit potassium-induced contractions of the femoral artery. Calcium-induced contractions of the basilar artery were also inhibited by nifedipine. These experiments demonstrate a relatively selective effect of nifedipine on the basilar artery, and a mechanism to explain this selective effect is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Percutaneous left heart catheterization and coronary arteriography using a femoral artery sheath.

Percutaneous left heart catheterization and coronary arteriography with a standard angiographic catheter introduced through a femoral artery sheath has been performed in over 200 patients during the past 12 months. The use of the sheath for catheter introduction and manipulation offers several advantages, including the capability of monitoring two arterial pressures with only one arterial puncture, the minimization of time in which the guidewire is intravascular, the capability of using all types of catheters from a femoral artery percutaneous approach, and, most importantly, the complete elimination of patient discomfort during catheter changes. The disadvantages of the sheath technique are relatively minor. Thus, percutaneous left heart catheterization and coronary arteriography through a femoral artery sheath can be performed safely and with relatively little trauma to the femoral artery.

Angiocardiography↗
PubMed1979

Femoral artery pressure measurement during aortography.

Femoral artery pressure (FAP) measurements were carried out to evaluate the hemodynamic significance of aorto-iliac occlusive disease in 150 patients (173 limbs) at the time of transfemoral angiography. Clinical assessment based upon traditional criteria of claudication level, pulse examination, and monoplane angiography were at variance with the results of this physiologic testing in approximately one-third of the patients. Results were most variable, and FAP testing most helful in evaluating patients with moderate diffuse disease on angiography, who are usually difficult to evaluate clinically. Strong correlation existed between FAP evaluation and the results of arterial reconstructive surgery. Of the patients with a positive FAP result who underwent proximal vascular reconstruction, 96% had satisfactory relief of ischemic symptoms despite uncorrected distal disease in the majority. In contrast, 57% of the patients undergoing proximal operation despite a normal FAP result were unrelieved of symptoms and required subsequent distal procedures. Similar correlation existed with results of femoro-popliteal and femoro-femoral grafting. This simple physiologic test has been found of great value in selecting the proper level of arterial reconstruction and in accurately predicting the results of surgery.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Objective assessment of femoral artery profundaplasty.

The physiologic results after profundaplasty in a group of patients with uncorrected complete occlusion of superficial femoral artery are presented. The limbs were evaluated by ankle B.P. index and muscle pH, and pulse volume plethysmograph showed that the deep femoral artery, in occlusion of superficial femoral artery, can provide pulsatile flow and adequate perfusion to calf muscles in most cases.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗