PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Fetal Death”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Ultrasonic diagnosis of intrauterine fetal death.

When there is doubt concerning fetal viability, the confirmation or exclusion of fetal death assumes major importance in the management of pregnancy. Frequently the clinical diagnosis is uncertain and recourse must be had to ancillary investigation. Radiologic methods may confirm the clinical suspicion of intrauterine fetal death in many cases, but these are accompanied by the hazard of irradiation. Ultrasound can provide valuable information regarding fetal viability. Ultrasonic signs of fetal death are discussed in the light of the literature and our own experience, with emphasis on the value of the M-mode in detecting fetal heart pulsations.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Induction of labour with prostaglandin E2 gel in cases of intrauterine fetal death.

In established intrauterine fetal death, 20 patients were treated with prostaglandin E2 gel administered extraamniotically. The results were compared with those of another group of 20 patients who had received combined treatment. In this group, one or more of the following agents had been administered :- i.v. oxytocin, 20% NaCl solution or Premarin instilled intraamniotically, introduction of a balloon catheter or Rivanol administered extraamniotically. Average induction-abortion interval for the PG group was about 12 hours while for the second group it was about 30 hours. The side effects observed were slight in both groups. The results show that administration of PG-gel can be used with advantage in fetal demise because of the relatively short induction-abortion intervals obtained, the insignificant side effects and the low dose of PG required.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1977

Hormone changes in relation to the time of fetal death after prostaglandin-induced abortion.

The changes in unconjugated estradiol-17beta and estriol, progesterone and chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) in peripheral plasma have been studied in 18 women at 30-minute intervals following intra-uterine prostaglandin E2 administration for therapeutic termination of second trimester pregnancy. The hormonal changes were related to the time of fetal death detected by the disappearance of fetal heart pulsations. Prostaglandin E2 was given by the intra-amniotic route with urea (5 patients) or with intravenous oxytocin (5 patients), or by the extra-amniotic route with intravenous oxytocin (8 patients). Fetal death occurred rapidly with intra-amniotic PGE2, but usually at a late stage with extra-amniotic PGE2. Three fetuses in the extra-amniotic group died at or just before abortion. A variety of fetal heart changes were noted and the time of fetal death did not appear to influence the time of abortion within each treatment subgroup. Estradiol and estriol showed a sligh but persistent fall over 24 hours prior to induction of abortion. A more rapid fall usually occurred after induction, with a consistent fall around the time of fetal death. Progesterone and HCS usually fell much less before and immediately after fetal death. A marked rise in estradiol sometimes occurred before fetal death, particularly in the intraamniotic PGE2 and urea subgroup. Estriol levels declined more rapidly before than after fetal death, whereas fetal death had less consistent effects on the other hormones. All hormones had usually fallen considerably at the time of abortion, and in some individuals marked fluctuations in hormone levels were seen.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1979

The use of oral prostaglandin E2 in the management of intrauterine fetal death.

12 otherwise healthy patients with intrauterine fetal death 1 to 6 weeks earlier were treated with oral prostaglandin E2. 9 of the 12 patients delivered within 48 hours after treatment began. 2 others delivered with 48 hours after unsuccessful treatment ceased. In a third patient the cervix relaxed after treatment, and the uterine contents were removed by curettage. No serious complications, such as hemorrhage occurred. The uterus seemed surprisingly responsive to oral prostaglandin E2 in cases of intrauterine fetal death.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1978

Intra-uterine extra-amniotic prostaglandin F2-alpha in the management of patients with intra-uterine fetal death.

The problems of a conservative approach to the management of patients with intra-uterine fetal death are presented, and the technique of intra-uterine, extra-amniotic infusion of prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2alpha) is described. This involves the repeated infusion of a solution of PGF2alpha into the extra-amniotic space to induce labour in patients in whom pregnancy is complicated by intra-uterine fetal death. Pregnancy was successfully terminated by this method in 9 patients with intra-uterine fetal death. The mean induction-delivery interval was 10,2 hours. There were no side-effects, and the results were similar to those reported by other authors who used a similar technique of inducing labour. Past and present methods of inducing labour in patients with intra-uterine fetal death are reviewed and discussed.

Amnion↗
PubMed1977

A rare case of ante partum fetal death due to funicular pathology.

The authors describe a case of ante partum fetal death due to a true funicular knot combined with relative shortness of the cord as a results of a double nuchal coil. Separately, these complications are common occurrences and do not lead to fetal pathology except during labor. If, however, they are combined they may be responsible, as in the case described above, for ante partum fetal death as a result of vascular strangulation during sudden changes in the fetal position. The possibilities of diagnosing funicular complications are discussed but these are not apt to avoid the rare cases of sudden fetal death as a result of vascular occlusion in the ante partum period.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

A technique for management of obstructed labour with antenatal fetal death.

A technique for management of obstructed labour associated with fetal death is presented. The new method makes it possible to decrease fetal head size by evacuation of brain tissue by suction using thoracic-type trocar. Three patients with obstructed labour and fetal death were managed successfully using this technique. The method permits a decrease of fetal head size easily and rapidly, avoiding the risks of other techniques. Moreover, its use makes it possible to eliminate craniotomy from obstetric practice. The method should be equally suitable for cases of major hydrocephaly.

Brain↗
PubMed1978

Fetal deaths in the district of São Paulo, Brazil.

A study has been made of fetal deaths registered in São, Paulo, Brazil, for the period 1 June 1968 through 31 May 1970. This article reports some of the findings of that study. Among other things, the findings revealed a higher incidence of male deaths than female deaths, high rates of fetal death associated with multiple pregnancy, a relatively low risk of stillbirth in certain maternal age groups, and an association between congenital anomalies and increasing maternal age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Consumption coagulopathy associated with intrauterine fetal death: the role of heparin therapy.

A gravida with intrauterine fetal death who developed progressive chronic consumption coagulopathy was treated with heparin. When serial fibrinogen levels fell below 100 mg% and the prothrombin time was significantly prolonged, intravenously injected heparin corrected hypofibrinogenemia. A safe delivery followed administration of oxytocin. The authors emphasize the infrequent need for heparin therapy in the majority of cases of the intrauterine fetal death syndrome. Therapeutic guidelines for its use in selected cases are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Can cardiotocography provide information regarding fetal death in utero? Casuistic (author's transl)].

A case of fetal death in utero is discussed in which fetal heart tones were picked up with the cardiotocograph via direct leads from the scalp electrode during labor induction, i.e., during the course of labor. After delivery, however, it was apparent that the fetus had been dead for some time (third grade maceration). Technical errors originating in the instrument itself could be excluded since the instrument was used successfully for other deliveries before and after this particular birth. A defect caused by the scalp electrode was also not possible since the electrode was changed three times.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Predicting fetal death by measuring oestrogen:creatinine ratios on early morning samples of urine.

Total oestrogens were measured, on a creatinine basis, by a fully automated method in 75 000 early morning specimens of urine from 5429 women. Among the 5241 pregnancies in which the oestrogen:creatinine ratio was normal there were 11 fetal deaths (0-21%). But there were 57 fetal deaths (30-3%) among 188 patients with ratios below the fifth centile. When delivery took place before the ratio decrease to below the fifth centile a live baby was born in every one of 59 pregnancies. Apart from its effectiveness in predicting fetal death, the test has a high degree of precision and can be performed swiftly, and cheaply. For these reasons the assessment of fetoplacental function by measuring the urinary:creatinine ratio could become a convenient and inexpensive part of antenatal care that could be extended to every pregnant woman without making many further demands on obstetricians' time.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1977

Analysis of heart rate patterns preceding fetal death.

An analysis of fetal heart rate patterns preceding death is presented in 7 patients. The intrapartum deaths were not predictable on the basis of clinical evaluation. Predeath recording time varied from 11 minutes to 7.75 hours. An atypical deceleration pattern was observed in 3 patients terminally with associated loss of beat-to-beat variability. These occurred with uterine contractions, but had the characteristic appearance of variable decelerations (CC). This pattern was characterized by short contraction to deceleration intervals, and by large drops in the rate (62-102 beats/min). In 6 of the 7 patients, there was either absent (0-5 beats/min) or diminished (5-10 beats/min) beat-to-beat variability. In 1 the terminal recording showed an absolutely fixed rate with a progressive loss of beats and an increased amount of electrical noise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[The follow-up of high risk pregnancies with the determination of estriol 16-glucuronid excretion. Second: Excretion in preeclampsia, post maturity, intrauterine growth retardation, diabetes, Rh incompatability and intrauterine fetal deaths (author's transl)].

The estriol 16-glucuronid excretion was determined in 186 urine samples in cases with preeclampsia, post maturity, pregnancies past the expected date of confinement, intra-uterine fetal deaths, congenital anomalies, Rhesus incompatability and diabetes mellitus. In groups with mild dystrophy, severe dystrophy, and intra-uterine fetal death, three zones of estriol 16-glucuronid excretion were determined. Zone 1 is suggestive of a possible fetal impairment. Zone 2 shows a high probability of fetal impairment and Zone 3 was considered as lethal zone suggestive of imminent intra-uterine fetal death. The degree of rhesus incompatability, disease of the fetus or of diabetogenic fetopathy was not recognizable by the estriol 16-glucuronid excretion.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1978

[Blood coagulation parameters in prostaglandin-induced labour after intrauterine fetal death (author's transl)].

Pregnancy termination by the intraamniotic injection of hypertonic saline may result in coagulation defects. This complication seems to be uncommon with prostaglandins. The present study was designed to elucidate any possible effects of prostaglandin administration on coagulation parameters in patients with fetal death in utero. Labour was induced in 20 cases of intrauterine fetal death by either intravenous (11) or intramuscular (9) administration of Sulprostone. Normotest, thrombin clotting time, ethanol fractionation, fibrinogen level and platelet count were obtained in each patient prior to and immediately after drug administration. Although retention of the fetus for as long as 84 days was recorded (mean 14 days), no patient presented with abnormal clotting parameters. Prostaglandin induction was successful in all 20 cases. After explosion of the fetus, coagulation parameters were not significantly different from pretreatment values. Estimated blood loss never exceeded 500 cc. It is concluded that intramuscular or intravenous administration of Sulprostone for induction of labour in fetal death in utero does not affect the clotting system nor trigger off disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Coarctation of the umbilical cord: a cause of intrauterine fetal death.

This article presents 16 cases of coarctation of the umbilical cord, resulting in fetal death in utero in pregnant women of more than 6 months' gestation. Coarctation of the umbilical cord can occur in any phase of the gestational period and is not related to parity. The stricture of the cord is usually accompanied by torsion and characterized by a fibrosis of the Wharton's jelly and a thickening of the vascular walls which obstructs the fetoplacental circulation, leading to anoxia and fetal death. Although this entity must occur frequently, it is not often reported by obstetricians because the umbilical cord is not carefully examined in all cases of stillbirth.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1979

[Administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandins F2 alpha in intrauterine fetal death, missed abortion and hydatidiform mole (author's transl)].

10 patients with missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death or hydatifidiform mole were given 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin F2 alpha intramuscularly for the induction of labour or, in 2 cases, to obtain softening of the cervix prior to curettage. The mean time interval between induction and abortion was 6 h 9 min, with a mean dosage of 890 mcg prostaglandin per patient. Vomiting or diarrhoea occurred in 7 patients. Apart from a drop in haemoglobin concentration in 1 patient and a temporary increase in white cell count in 6 patients, no other pathological laboratory findings were detected. We conclude from these results and the relevant literature that the intramuscular administration of 15-(S)-15-methyl prostaglandin is an effective and safe means of inducing labour in missed abortion, intrauterine fetal death and hydratidiform mole.

Abortion, Missed↗