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Results for “Fetal Distress”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[A fetal distress signal: decreased fetal movements. A case of antenatal anaemia (author's transl)].

The authors report an observation of antenatal anaemia which showed as fetal distress found by a decrease of fetal movements and confirmed by cardiotocography. At birth, the baby was very pale and has a severe anaemia. The authors have investigated the method introduced by Sadovsky for analysing fetal activity in which the woman counted her fetal movements in accordance with a time schedule. Normal fetal movements are an indication of fetal well-being. Decreased fetal movements may be an indication of chronic fetal asphyxia. In this case, cardiotocography has to be undertaken. Analysis of their results demonstrated the value of this method which appears to be useful particularly for the assessment of chronic fetal distress.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Intrauterine resuscitation in the severely distressed fetal dog.

Severe fetal distress was produced in 16 fetal dogs by successive and/or prolonged occlusion of the maternal abdominal aorta in an acute surgical preparation, and was characterized in fetal arterial blood of 7.06 for pH, 10 mm Hg for O2, 127 mm Hg for CO2, and fetal heart rate decelerations. Five fetuses recovered spontaneously in utero and delivered normally; 3 needed maternal oxygenation before delivery; 3 suddenly died in utero; 5 fetuses were delivered while still alive in utero when the tpH reached 6.85, and eventually expired. Intrauterine recovery and resuscitation was effective in some fetuses.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Use of a beta 2-sympathomimetic drug as a temporizing measure in the treatment of acute fetal distress.

Severe fetal distress in labor is an obstetric emergency which may result in the delivery of a severely asphyxiated baby or even death of the fetus. This problem may be compounded by a hurried mechanical vaginal delivery or by delay before a cesarean section can be performed. The rationale for using a beta sympathomimetric drug as a temporizing measure in the treatment of fetal distress to prevent deterioration in and even to improve the condition of the fetus before delivery is discussed. Six cases are described in which hexoprenaline (Ipradol), a beta2-selective sympathomimetic drug, has been administered as a 10 microgram intravenous bolus in the treatment of acute fetal distress in labor.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Diagnosis and management of fetal distress.

Both biophysical and biochemical techniques may be used to diagnose fetal distress. Fetal heart rate monitoring should be thought of as a screening technique to define a population at significant risk for fetal acidosis. The addition of fetal scalp blood sampling improves the clinician's diagnostic accuracy. The hallmark of treatment is to alleviate the stress on the fetus, to restore intervillous and cord blood flow, and, hence, to improve fetal oxygenation. This improvement may be accomplished by (1) discontinuing oxytocin, (2) correcting maternal hypotension, (3) administering oxygen to the mother, and (4) attempting to alleviate cord compression by changing the relationship of the fetal presenting part to the umbilical cord and pelvis.

Acid-Base Imbalance↗
PubMed1977

[Study of fetal respiration by ultrasound. Correlation with gestational age and diagnosis of fetal distress].

The authors, following the work of Boddy and Robinson, studied the value of recording fetal breathing activity in the antenatal diagnosis of fetal distress. Fetal respiratory movements are detected with unidimensional echography, thanks to an electronic grille which is able to isolate a thoracic echo which is then reproduced on a rapid recorder after amplification. In normal pregnancies there is a highly significant correlation between fetal respiratory activity and the length of amenorrhoea. In a series of twelve cases with fetal distress that were recorded during labour and were defined after delivery by an Apgar score of less than or equal to 6 and an umbilical arterial pH less than or equal to 7.17, prenatal recordings showed a pathological reduction in fetal breathing movement in 9 cases. In this series only 5 cardiotocograms were shown to be abnormal.

Female↗
PubMed1975

Fetal distress and birth scores in newborn infants.

The relation between fetal distress and the subsequent condition at birth was studied in 2791 pregnancies. Fetal distress was defined as a heart rate greater than 160 or less than 120/min between uterine contractions, with or without meconium-stained liquor. Infants of 28 to 42 weeks' gestational age were examined at 1 and 5 minutes after birth when the heart rate, respiration, and skin colour was recorded. Birth scores of 0, 1, or 2 were given respectively if respirations were absent, gasping, or regular; if the heart rate was undetectable, less than 100/min, or greater than 100/min; and if the colour was white, blue, or pink. Fetal distress was associated with low birth scores in infants at 1 and 5 minutes of age. Among those who had not suffered fetal distress a significantly greater proportion of preterm infants had low birth scores compared with term or post-term infants at 5 minutes of age. Infants did not score equally for colour, heart rate, and respiration at 1 and 5 minutes of age. Colour usually gave a birth score of 5 and heart rate was recordable when infants scored 0 for colour and respiration. The reduction in birth scores was greater in the presence of meconium-stained liquor and abnormal fetal heart rate than meconium-stained liquor alone; the latter being an early sign of fetal distress. Since fetal distress was not diagnosed by conventional methods in 93 term infants who probably suffered prenatal asphyxia, more sophisticated techniques are necessary for an accurate assessment of fetal condition during labour.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Diagnosis of fetal distress during labor with the aid of the Hammacher cardio-tocographic score and fetal pH determination].

The authors study the value of the Hammacher tocographic scoring system in the diagnosis of fetal distress in labour. This score gives equal value to three components of the fetal heart rate: the base line, transient variations (dips) and fluctuations (oscillations). There is a statistically very significant (p less than 0.001) relationship between the cardio-tocographic score and the fetal pH as has been found in 106 labours with a coefficient of correlation of 0.67. The score can only be carried out usefully when a "beat to beat" to heart rate is registered and when this is not influenced by the administration of drugs to the mother. The score has been demonstrated to be particularly useful in the diagnosis of fetal distress when the membranes are still intact.

Female↗
PubMed1992

Umbilical artery velocimetry in predicting perinatal outcome with intrapartum fetal distress.

The aim of this study was to see whether umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry predicts intrapartum fetal distress evidenced by poor perinatal outcome. Umbilical velocimetry was performed on 102 parturients with a presumptive diagnosis of fetal distress based on fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns. A mean systolic-diastolic ratio (S/D) of 3 or more after 30 weeks' gestation was considered abnormal. Poor perinatal outcome was defined by any of the following: small for gestational age, low Apgar score, acidosis, meconium below the vocal cords, prolonged neonatal hospital stay, neonatal intensive care unit admission, and neonatal morbidity. Eighty-two patients had normal S/Ds and 20 had abnormal ratios. Eighteen neonates (90%) in the abnormal-SD group had at least one adverse outcome, compared with only 13 (15.8%) of those with a normal S/D, a statistically significant difference (P less than .001). Umbilical artery S/D used as a screening tool to detect poor perinatal outcome had a sensitivity of 65-100%, specificity of 83-92%, positive predictive value of 20-81%, negative predictive value of 91-100%, and a kappa index of 0.24-0.63. These findings suggest that umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry may be useful as an adjunct in the assessment of intrapartum FHR patterns suggesting fetal distress.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The influence of scalp sampling on the cesarean section rate for fetal distress.

One year's obstetric experience at Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center was reviewed and compared with previous years. The incidence of cesarean section for fetal distress is low and has remained constant over the past 7 years. Periodic changes and decreased baseline variability of the fetal heart rate accounted for 39% of the diagnoses of fetal distress in this group. Scalp sampling clarified the diagnosis of fetal distress and prevented unnecessary cesarean section. Compromised perinatal outcome in the greater than 2,500 gram weight group was confined to those who were monitored, had indications for monitoring, or had identifiable prospective risk factors, with rare exceptions.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1992

Umbilical ascorbic acid levels in fetal distress.

Umbilical arterial and venous blood samples were obtained at birth immediately after clamping the cord in 38 infants. Simultaneously, maternal arterial samples were collected. Arterial blood samples were analyzed for acid-base blood gas content and venous blood samples were analyzed for plasma ascorbic acid levels. The umbilical plasma ascorbic acid level was significantly higher when compared with maternal plasma levels (172.9 +/- 39.2 vs. 57.8 +/- 21.0 mumol/liter, p < 0.0001). Correlations between maternal ascorbic acid levels and umbilical cord levels proved to be insignificant. Umbilical ascorbic acid levels in the 2 groups of infants characterized by the presence or absence of fetal distress showed significantly higher levels in the fetal distressed group (17 infants) when compared to the non-distressed group (21 infants)--191.9 +/- 36.0 vs. 157.4 +/- 34.6 mumol/liter, p < 0.005. The use of an umbilical cord ascorbic acid cut-off point of 95.8 mumol/liter gave a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 67% as predictors for the presence or absence of fetal distress (p < 0.025). The results of the present study demonstrate a substantial increase in ascorbic acid levels in infants exposed to intrapartum fetal distress, without any clinical sign of such insult at or after birth.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Toxemia of pregnancy: assessment of fetal distress by urinary estriol and circulating human placental lactogen and alpha-fetoprotein levels.

The efficacy of three biochemical methods for the detection of fetal distress was assessed in a prospective study of 224 singleton pregnancies complicated by toxemia. Fetal distress was diagnosed in 65 cases (29 per cent). Abnormally low urinary estriol (E3) excretion pointed out 63 per cent, low serum levels of human placental lactogen (HPL) 27 per cent, and elevated maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) 10 per cent of distressed fetuses. The efficacy of each test increased with the severity of maternal disease. The frequencies of false pathologic levels were: E3 19 per cent, HPL 0 per cent, and AFP 1 per cent of the cases with a normal fetal outcome. Although E3 was by far the most effective marker, abnormal levels of HPL and AFP provided supportive evidence for fetal distress by pointing out those cases in which E3 reading was not a false positive.

Eclampsia↗
PubMed1977

Trisomy-18 and antepartal fetal distress.

Two cases are presented wherein cesarean section was performed because of evidence of intrauterine growth retardation and antepartal fetal distress. Both infants had the trisomy-18 syndrome. Attention is drawn to the fact that the combination of growth retardation and fetal distress sometimes heralds the presence of severe anomalies in the fetus, and it is suggested that cesarean section should not be performed before one attempts to rule out such life-threatening abnormalities.

Adult↗