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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Assessing financial capacity in patients with Alzheimer disease: A conceptual model and prototype instrument.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate financial capacity in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) using a new theoretical model and prototype psychometric instrument. DESIGN: Cross-sectional comparisons of older control subjects (n=23) and patients with mild (n=30) and moderate AD (n=20). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Financial capacity was measured using the Financial Capacity Instrument, a prototype psychometric instrument that tests financial capacity using 14 tasks of financial ability comprising 6 clinically relevant domains of financial activity: basic monetary skills, financial conceptual knowledge, cash transactions, checkbook management, bank statement management, and financial judgment. RESULTS: The Financial Capacity Instrument tasks and domains showed adequate to excellent internal, interrater, and test-retest reliabilities. At the task level, patients with mild AD performed equivalently with controls on simple tasks such as counting coins/currency and conducting a 1-item grocery purchase, but significantly below controls on more complex tasks such as using a checkbook/register and understanding and using a bank statement. At the domain level, patients with mild AD performed significantly below controls on all domains except basic monetary skills. Patients with moderate AD performed significantly below controls and patients with mild AD on all tasks and domains. Regarding capacity status outcomes (capable, marginally capable, incapable) on domains, patients with mild AD had high proportions of marginally capable or incapable outcomes (range, 47%-87%), particularly on difficult domains like bank statement management (domain 5) and financial judgment (domain 6), but variability in individual outcomes. Patients with moderate AD had almost exclusively incapable outcomes across the 6 domains (range, 90%-100%). CONCLUSIONS: Financial capacity is already significantly impaired in mild AD. Patients with mild AD demonstrate deficits in more complex financial abilities and impairment in most financial activities. Patients with moderate AD demonstrate severe impairment of all financial abilities and activities. The Financial Capacity Instrument has promise as an instrument for assessing domain-level financial activities and task-specific financial abilities in patients with dementia. Arch Neurol. 2000.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1994

Strategic activity and financial performance of U.S. rural hospitals: a national study, 1983 to 1988.

This study examines the effect of 13 strategic management activities on the financial performance of a national sample of 797 U.S. rural hospitals during the period of 1983-1988. Controlled for environment-market, geographic-region, and hospital-related variables, the results show almost no measurable effect of strategic adoption on rural hospital profitability and liquidity. Where statistically significant relationships existed, they were more often negative than positive. These findings were not expected; it was hypothesized that positive effects across a broad range of strategies would emerge, other things being equal. Discussed are possible explanations for these findings as well as their implication for a rural health policy relying on individual rural hospital strategic adaptation to environmental change.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1983

Plundering the poor: the role of the World Bank in the Third World.

The World Bank, the most important so-called development assistance agency, annually dispenses billions of dollars to Third World governments, ostensibly to "develop" their economics through a variety of loan projects. But even a superficial analysis reveals that the Bank is the perfect mechanism to help (i.e., subsidize) the large transnational corporations from the industrial countries to expand their industrial, commercial, and financial activities in the Third World, at the expense of the latter and particularly at the expense of the rural and urban proletariat. This article discusses Cheryl Payer's recent book, The World Bank: A Critical Analysis, in which she analyzes the Bank's role in the Third World and sets forth the major reasons why poverty, hunger, and malnutrition, as well as unemployment, and all the adverse social phenomena associated with them, are on the increase.

Developing Countries↗
PubMed2000

Development of a method to analyze orthopaedic practice expenses.

The purpose of the current investigation was to present a standard method by which an orthopaedic practice can analyze its practice expenses. To accomplish this, a five-step process was developed to analyze practice expenses using a modified version of activity-based costing. In this method, general ledger expenses were assigned to 17 activities that encompass all the tasks and processes typically performed in an orthopaedic practice. These 17 activities were identified in a practice expense study conducted for the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. To calculate the cost of each activity, financial data were used from a group of 19 orthopaedic surgeons in Houston, Texas. The activities that consumed the largest portion of the employee work force (person hours) were service patients in office (25.0% of all person hours), maintain medical records (13.6% of all person hours), and resolve collection disputes and rebill charges (12.3% of all person hours). The activities that comprised the largest portion of the total expenses were maintain facility (21.4%), service patients in office (16.0%), and sustain business by managing and coordinating practice (13.8%). The five-step process of analyzing practice expenses was relatively easy to perform and it may be used reliably by most orthopaedic practices.

Accounting↗
PubMed1975

The use of an information system for community health services planning and management.

The challenge of delivering health care on a more cost-effective and equitable basis has led to the formation of new kinds of organizations, which in turn require new kinds of management information systems. The system described in this article is used for planning resource allocation and monitoring the overall performance of Livingston Community Health Services, Inc., a rural community-owned health service designed to provide comprehensive care to a geographically defined target population. The Health Services Data System processes information on performance and productivity, effectiveness with respect to the target population, and billing and financial activities. Input consists of the results of a community census and two household surveys, patient registrations and patient services operating data, and financial data. Besides billing patients automatically, the system integrates financial, demographic, and health services utilization data to generate monthly summaries for the administrators, medical director, and community board. The article discusses several examples of these summaries, stratifying utilization by geographic location of residence, age, income, and race.

Accounting↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of the mechanisms of minor occupational injuries in the construction industry in Spain].

OBJECTIVES: The construction industry produces the highest number of occupational injuries in Spain (25.6%). Of these, 98.5% were minor injuries with 5 million workdays lost in 2000. This occurred even after the recent introduction of numerous health and occupational safety regulations. The objective of the present study was to identify the specific mechanisms of minor occupational injuries in the construction sector. METHODS: In 2000, there were 235,853 minor occupational injuries in the construction industry. From these, injuries in general construction and civil engineering were selected (n = 155,044). These injuries affected both the total number of workers in the sector as well as bricklayers and unskilled construction workers. Insurance and financial activities (n = 2,019) were selected as a reference economic sector. Minor occupational injuries due to nontraumatic processes (heart attack, etc.) were taken as a control group (n = 167), assuming that the risk of nontraumatic processes was independent of economic activities. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted by age, sex, years of work experience, type of employment and company size through nonconditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: The mechanisms with the highest risk of minor occupational lesions in construction workers as a group compared with employees in the financial sector were projection of fragments (OR = 33.0; 95% CI, 15.3-70.8) and being struck by objects (OR = 18.2; CI 95%, 9.7-34.1). These were also the most specific mechanisms of injury in the subgroup of bricklayers and unskilled construction workers. CONCLUSIONS: Activities aimed at preventing minor occupational injuries in the construction sector should be orientated towards these mechanisms, especially projection of fragments despite the low frequency of this mechanism compared with that of other mechanisms. Case-control design is a useful alternative approach for research into occupational injuries.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1991

Innovative revenue generation.

Innovative revenue generation by Canadian hospitals is drawing increasing attention. After a critical examination of the literature, we classified these into six areas: clinical/diagnostic insured services, clinical/diagnostic non-insured services, hotel services, retail services, administrative services and financial activities. We concluded that many Canadian hospitals are engaging in innovative revenue generation activities, the success of such activities has been mixed, there are many factors to consider when selecting revenue generation activities, many aspects of innovative revenue generation involve sophisticated business and risk management skills not traditionally required in hospital management, and implementation of many such activities requires support from the hospital board, hospital staff and medical staff.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Occupational medicine. The essentials of finance.

Finance is concerned with the generation and use of funds to support organizational objectives whereas accounting records transactions and summarizes how funds are expended. Money has costs associated with its procurement and use. There are costs associated with maintaining equipment and inventory. Financial analysts have developed methods to evaluate a company's efficiency in using money. While the occupational physician may not be directly involved in financial activities, knowledge of the techniques used should improve an understanding of organizational limitations.

Accounts Payable and Receivable↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Structural changes in the expenditures of public health institutions under conditions of public health reform].

The financial activity of the rural medical institutions in Northern Russia (Arkhangelsk Region) is analyzed. Recent tendencies in alteration of the expenditures of hospitals of different size and level are noted. Basic trends in the process of reformation of public health are outlined, intended to improve the efficacy of utilizing its financial resources which are always insufficient.

Budgets↗
PubMed1994

Stability of functional outcomes following transitional living programme participation: 3-year follow-up.

The functional status and perceived problems of 21 persons with severe brain injury were reported at admission, and at 1 and 3 years post-discharge from a community-based post-acute rehabilitation programme. Functional status was measured by participation in productive activity, financial support, place of residence and level of supervision required. Improvements observed at 1-year follow-up remained stable or had improved at 3-year follow-up. Loneliness and depression, while not reported at admission, increased over time to become the two problems reported most frequently at 3-year follow-up.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed2001

Influence of osteoarticular pathology (OAP) on the quality of life of elderly people.

BACKGROUND: In elderly people the concept of quality of life includes health status, ability to perform daily tasks and social activities, financial position, emotional status and absence of aches and pains. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of incapacity related to osteoarticular pathology (OAP), one of the most common diseases among old people, and to ascertain to what extent this affects their quality of life. DESIGN: The sample was made up of 59 men (76.1+/-8.1 years) and 104 women (79.7+/-6.2 years) from a geriatric home depending on the Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). Data obtained from the individual clinical histories and personal interviews made it possible to evaluate their: global health status, ability to perform daily tasks and social activities, food intake and the quality of the geriatric home. In addition, body mass index (BMI), arm muscle area (AMA) and arm fat area (AFA) were estimated. RESULTS: The number of chronic diseases, drug consumption, and values of the fat-mass indicators (BMI and AFA) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in people with OAP (61% of women and 25% of men of the sample), and their global health status and manual ability were significantly worse (p<0.05) than that of the other residents. Both groups (with and without OAP) obtained similar scores (p>0.05) on all indicators of quality of life evaluated, and only the catering services was disliked by the majority of the residents. CONCLUSIONS: From a subjective point of view, OAP does not seem to affect the quality of life of people suffering from it, except insofar as it diminishes their manual ability.

Aged↗