PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Financing, Organized”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Does money really matter? A review of the literature on the relationships between healthcare organization finances and quality.

The authors review empirical literature from 1980 to 2005 on relationships between healthcare organizations' finances and quality of care. They found only 16 studies of this topic that employed statistical methods. This research indicates cumulatively that expenses, fiscal margin, and asset and liability management all affect healthcare outcome quality. There is less evidence about how organizational finance factors affect structural or process quality, and there is no information about how structural or process quality mediates between finances and outcomes. The authors note what patterns have emerged from previous studies and make specific suggestions about what future research is necessary and why.

Financial Management, Hospital↗
PubMed2002

Finance organizations, decisions and emotions.

Analyses of global financial markets are dominated by atomized models of decision-making and behavioural psychology ('exuberance' or 'panic'). In contrast, this paper argues that overwhelmingly, finance organizations rather than 'individuals' make decisions, and routinely use emotions in formulating expectations. Keynes introduced emotion (business confidence and animal spirits) but in economics, emotion remains individualistic and irrational. Luhmann's system theory lies at the other extreme, where emotions like trust and confidence are central variables, functional in the reduction of complexity in sub-systems like the economy. The gap between irrational emotions aggregated to 'herd' behaviour in economics, and 'system trust' applied to finance and money as a 'medium of communication' in sociology, remains largely unfilled. This paper argues that while organizations cannot be said to 'think' or 'feel', they are rational and emotional, because impersonal trust, confidence and their contrary emotions are unavoidable in decision-making due to fundamental uncertainty. These future-oriented emotions are prevalent within and between organizations in the financial sector, primarily in generating expectations. The dynamic of corporate activities of tense and ruthless struggle is a more plausible level of analysis than either financial 'manias' in aggregate or 'system trust'.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2006

Organization, financing, promotion, and cost of U.S. quitlines, 2004.

BACKGROUND: Quitlines have been established as an effective, evidence-based, population-wide strategy to deliver smoking-cessation treatment, and are now available in most states across America. However, little is known about the organization, financing, promotion, and cost of state quitlines. METHODS: In 2004, the North American Quitline Consortium surveyed the 50 states and Washington DC to obtain information about state quitlines. Data were analyzed in fall 2005 through spring 2006. Analyses of these data are reported in this paper. RESULTS: Analyses were limited to the 38 states that reported having a quitline in 2004. State governments funded most (89.5%) quitlines. Median state quitline operating budgets in 2004 were 500,000 dollars; this translates into a modest annual median operating cost of 0.14 dollar per capita or 0.85 dollar per adult smoker. A lesser amount was spent for quitline promotion. Quitline services varied, with 97.4% of respondents providing mailed self-help resources, 89.5% providing proactive telephone counseling, and 89.2% providing referrals to other services. Many quitlines provide services in languages other than English. Only 21.1% of quitlines reported providing cessation medication at no cost. Promotional strategies varied widely. CONCLUSION: A large majority of U.S. smokers live in states with tobacco quitlines, which provide cessation treatment at a remarkably modest per capita cost. There is a great deal of congruence in services and promotional strategies among states. Further research is required to determine how external factors such as the federal National Network of Tobacco Cessation Quitlines funding for state quitlines and the availability of a national portal number (1-800-QUITNOW), both implemented in 2004, affect state quitlines. Additional research to evaluate the cost effectiveness of quitline services is also warranted.

Health Care Surveys↗
PubMed2004

Health care economics, financing, organization, and delivery.

BACKGROUND: The US health care system is in a state of rapid evolution, with changing payment, organizational, and management structures. To learn how to function optimally in a system in which care is increasingly managed and competitive, today's medical students must understand the structural and economic underpinnings of the system within which they will practice. At the outset of the Undergraduate Medical Education for the 21st Century (UME-21) project, the great majority of medical school curricula were lacking in areas of health care financing and organizational structure. The institutions involved in the UME-21 project sought to address curricular deficiencies in two broad areas: (1) the structure and financing of the US health care system ("health policy") and (2) the manner in which this system is reflected in the organization and activities of health care providers ("care delivery"). This article discusses the development, implementation, and evaluation of the first of the two areas. METHODS: Data were abstracted from written reports provided by each of the UME-21 schools to the project's Executive Committee and sponsor. In selected cases, additional data were obtained by personal communications with project directors and evaluators. Local UME-21 project leaders verified all data presented. RESULTS: Curricular philosophy and teaching methods varied widely, but health policy curricula were predominantly preclinical and didactic in nature. At the school level, much was achieved in terms of student knowledge, curricula were generally well received by students, attitudes toward managed care generally moved in a positive direction, and behavior may have been positively influenced as well. At the project level, many potentially interesting changes exist within the 18 schools and between the UME-21 and other schools, but it is not clear whether or what parts of the health policy curricula were responsible for these changes. Nonetheless, as measured by changes in health policy-related items on the Association of American Medical Colleges Graduation Questionnaire, it appears that UME-21 schools outperformed their non-UME-21 counterparts. All of the UME-21 schools were enthusiastic about their health policy innovations, and this extended across all key stakeholders. Most schools avoided focusing on managed care and instead adopted more neutral themes that introduced the same material. Integrating the new material in conjunction with the more traditional aspects of the curriculum was also an effective implementation strategy. CONCLUSIONS: Health policy should be incorporated into both the preclinical and clinical years. The former emphasizes health care economics as one of the foundations of medical practice, whereas the latter provides the opportunity for its use on a daily basis in clinical settings. However, like any new curriculum, to achieve equal status with the traditional biomedical curriculum, it must be presented in a scholarly, rigorous, and reasonably comprehensive fashion. Mounting a scholarly health policy curriculum requires a wide-ranging, interdisciplinary faculty. If it is to become a central component of the medical school curriculum, creative approaches to faculty recruitment and development will be needed. This will require both careful educational policy formulation and new investment.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2002

A SWOT analysis of the organization and financing of the Danish health care system.

The organization and financing of the Danish health care system was evaluated within a framework of a SWOT analysis (analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) by a panel of five members with a background in health economics. The present paper describes the methods and materials used for the evaluation: selection of panel members, structure of the evaluation task according to the health care triangle model, selection of background material consisting of documents and literature on the Danish health care system, and a 1-week study visit.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2002

Evaluation of the organization and financing of the Danish health care system.

The organization and financing of the Danish health care system was evaluated within a framework of a SWOT analysis (analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) by a panel of five members with a background in health economics. The evaluation was based on the reading of an extensive range of documents and literature on the Danish health care system, and a 1-week visit to health care authorities, providers and key persons. The present paper describes the main findings of one of the panel members. A quality assessment approach is combined with the principles of a SWOT analysis to assess the main features of the Danish health care system. In addition, a public health perspective has been used in judging the coherence of the subsystems of the health systems. It is concluded that the macro-efficiency of the health care system could be increased by improving the cooperation between the subsystems. The relatively high mortality rates suggest that greater input into health education programs could significantly improve the health status of the Danish population. Finally, it is suggested that the steering power of the public board be strengthened by transferring ownership of health care institutions to other hands (privatization).

Community Participation↗
PubMed1986

Recent developments in organizing and financing health-care services.

Recent developments in the organization and financing of health-care services are described. All recent developments reflect an effort by both private and public payers to restrict use of health-care services, as well as to control price. Private use-review programs, such as second-surgical-opinion services and case-management services, are increasingly being used. The number of hospital admissions and length of patient stay continue to decline, but, because of increasing complexity of care, the cost of pharmaceutical services has not decreased proportionately. Points relating to health-care financing in the federal reconciliation budget effective May 1, 1986, are reviewed, as are other new federal regulations affecting the structure of services and terms of reimbursement under the Medicare and Medicaid programs. For Medicare, these include new scope objectives for professional review organizations, decreased return-on-equity payments to for-profit hospitals for outpatient services and to skilled nursing facilities, and elimination of waiver-of-liability presumptions for hospitals. Also, physicians must now identify specific services provided during each inpatient hospital visit. Most developments related to home health-care services pertain to limiting the cost of durable medical equipment. Alternative types of health care based on capitation funding, such as health maintenance organizations, competitive medical plans, and preferred provider organizations, will continue to grow in both the public and private sectors, and the use of private use-review programs for controlling costs is expected to accelerate in the next year.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2005

Challenges in systematic reviews: synthesis of topics related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care.

Some important health policy topics, such as those related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care, present substantial challenges to established methods for evidence synthesis. For example, such reviews may ask: What is the effect of for-profit versus not-for-profit delivery of care on patient outcomes? Or, which strategies are the most effective for promoting preventive care? This paper describes innovative methods for synthesizing evidence related to the delivery, organization, and financing of health care. We found 13 systematic reviews on these topics that described novel methodologic approaches. Several of these syntheses used 3 approaches: conceptual frameworks to inform problem formulation, systematic searches that included nontraditional literature sources, and hybrid synthesis methods that included simulations to address key gaps in the literature. As the primary literature on these topics expands, so will opportunities to develop additional novel methods for performing high-quality comprehensive syntheses.

Decision Support Techniques↗