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The teaching of forensic dentistry: a status report.

A survey was conducted to assess the current status of instruction and curricular content in forensic dentistry in United States dental schools. The dean of each of the 60 dental schools was asked to describe the formal teaching program in forensic dentistry in the predoctoral, postgraduate, resident, and continuing education curriculum. Faculty characteristics and the relationship of the faculty to extramural organizations dealing with forensic science were analyzed. Results indicate that 42 percent of the respondents do not offer formal courses in forensic dentistry at any level of dental education. The remaining 58 percent offer courses that are primarily didactic in nature. The diagnostic dental science departments are responsible for the organization and administration of forensic dental courses at the majority of respondent schools. A significant number of faculty teaching forensic dentistry hold advanced degrees in medicine and law, as well as other disciplines. Although forensic dental faculty are trained to assist law enforcement agencies, their consulting services are not generally used to the fullest extent. Based on the results of this survey, a series of recommendations for structuring the forensic science curriculum in dental schools is offered.

Autopsy

Model curriculum for forensic dentistry in US dental schools.

A model curriculum for forensic dentistry in US dental schools has been presented. This curriculum follows guidelines that will provide the dental student with practical training in specific forensic techniques, knowledge of general principles of forensic dentistry, and an appreciation for the dentist's responsibility within the legal community.

Curriculum

[Forensic dentistry as an important part of legal medicine].

Forensic dentistry is divided into two main subjects: 1. Dental jurisprudence and ethics and 2. Dental criminology. Dental jurisprudence and ethics include the legal duties of the dentist. They concern foremost the contractual relations between him and the patient and the duties which result from his actual dental activities, especially concerning his therapeutic measures. In major disasters successful identification is possible if a careful register is taken of dental states by all dentists.

Anthropometry

Forensic dentistry.

Data and information derived from the teeth and oral structures have been used successfully where other methods of identification or determination of criminal responsibility have failed. In many instances, the techniques used in forensic dentistry bring evidence to a point of certitude that would otherwise be lacking. Teeth, by their formation and structure and their relative permanence, record and retain the history of their development and the history of the incidents to which they have been subjected. Generally, the characteristics of formation and structure of teeth contribute information pertinent to probabilities of relationships and probabilities of events. As a result, these characteristics are highly useful in affirming or negating evidence as circumstantial or as factual.

Adult

[Forensic dentistry and its position in the service of the justice].

Forensic stomatology makes the findings of dental research available to justice. Thus, it is a branch of the forensic sciences. Among the main tasks of forensic stomatology are the identification of people and (in crimes of violence, especially sex crimes) the statement, analysis and evaluation of bite marks. The marking of dentures is also dealt with.

Dental Records

Forensic dentistry and the human dentition in individual age estimations.

The forensic dentist can estimate the age of an individual by observing the developing dentition. Systematic observations can provide accurate age estimations depending of the criteria used and the experience and training of the dentist. Anatomical, histological, and radiographic examinations of the teeth are of great value. Admittedly, some of the aforementioned methods are complicated and require prolonged time periods to perform. Alternative methods of age estimation may be required when rapid results are demanded by the police or other agencies. It is, however, the obligation of the forensic dentist to provide the precise age data. Therefore, all available resource materials must carefully evaluated, including the possible factors that may cause variations. Only after data is carefully evaluated can the error in age estimations be reduced.

Age Determination by Teeth