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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1978

Frustration odor of rats receiving small numbers of prior rewarded running trials.

Three related experiments were performed to examine trial-to-trial differences in production of frustration odor during runway extinction by rats that had received 0, 2, 4, or 6 prior rewards. Differences in odor production were indexed by the subsequent speed of escape from the runway goal box by conspecifics. The results indicated that (a) subjects will perform a hurdle-jump response to escape from frustration odor; (b) escape performance even after several prior escape trials accurately reflects trial-to-trial changes in production of frustration odor; and (c) production of frustration odor requires only 4 prior rewards. Implications of the present data for frustration analyses of the limited-trial partial reinforcement effect and future investigations of frustration odor are discussed.

Animals↗

PubMed1979

Sex and age differences in young children's reactions to frustration: a further look at the Goldberg and Lewis subjects.

This study reports 1-year follow-up data on the children originally observed by Goldberg and Lewis in a barrier frustration situation. Changes in reactions to frustration over a 2-year time span were examined for age and sex differences. Regardless of sex, over the first 2 years of life, barrier frustration was responded to with a decrease in stress and an increase in problem-solving behavior. The data suggest that sex differences in success at coping with the frustration may change with age and may be dependent on what behaviors are considered to be more instrumental in solving the frustration. Sex differences related to behavior in the barrier frustration were highly age specific. As previously reported in Goldberg and Lewis, at 1 year of age boys cried less and made more active attempts to get around the barrier than girls. However, at 2 years of age, girls vocalized more for help from the mother and made more attempts at problem solving than boys.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1978

Marital sexual enjoyment and frustration of professional men.

The psychological maturity, interpersonal, and marital attributes associated with the sexual pleasure and frustration of 59 married professional men, who had also been studied as adolescents, were examined by means of 10--12 hr of psychological tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The men's wives, closest friends, and colleagues also completed questionnaires about them. Masters and Johnson's hypothesis was confirmed that sexual pleasure is enhanced in psychologically mature and healthy men whose interpersonal relations are mature, whose relations with their spouses are marked by mutuality in fulfillment of each other's needs, and whose marriages are happy and satisfying. Increasing sexual frustration was associated, although not so consistently, with psychological unhealthiness, interpersonal immaturity, inadequate marital communication, and marital unhappiness. Degree of adult sexual pleasure and frustration was not reliably predicted by adolescent peraonality traits.

Adult↗

PubMed1976

Aggressive behavior and the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study.

The current status of the Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration (P-F) Study, a measure of aggressive verbal behavior in response to frustration at the developmental levels of the child, the adolescent and the adult, is described. Conceived as generically or essentially self-assertive, aggression can be viewed as affirmative or negative, constructive or destructive in effect. Six categories, three under direction and three under type, have been conceptualized to define the modes of aggressive response. These interrelated categories combine into nine scoring factors. Norms at the various age levels have been established, and the reliability and validity of the instrument have veen determined. Pragmatic validity has been shown in the investigation of behavior disorders, psychosomatic conditions, delinquency, school adjustment, and a large variety of vocational and social problems. The P-F has been adapted and standardized world-wide (France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Argentina, Brazil, India, Japan). Its applicability in cross-cultural research has been demonstrated.

Age Factors↗

PubMed1978

Frustration and temporomandibular joint pain.

The significance of frustration as a cause of temporomandibular joint pain is investigated through the use of bilateral electromyographic recording. Interpretation of both parametric and nonparametric data indicates the lack of relationship. The need for careful controls and the problems of psychologizing are discussed.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1978

Extroversion and reminiscence following a frustrating paired-associate task.

Two experiments were reported relating extroversion to reminiscence following a frustrating paired-associate (PA) task. In the first experiment a group of 30 male and female college students was randomly assigned to one of two tasks in which they learned a PA list of high or low stimulus similarity. All PA lists were mixed lists composed of half solvable and half unsolvable (randomized) stimulus-response items. Recall for solvable items was tested immediately, 15 min, and 30 min after criterion was reached. Results indicated a significant difference between high and low stimulus similarity with superior recall for low similarity. The predicted reminiscence effect for high stimulus similarity recall was present but not significant. Comparison of recall scores for extroverts and introverts indicated a significant difference in recall favoring the introverts. The second experiment made a similar test of recall for two groups of S s that had been established as extreme extroverts or introverts (N = 8 in each group). The superiority of recall for introverts was replicated, and a reminiscence effect was found for the extroverts. Results were discussed in relation to Eysenck's formulation and previous conflicting results.

Extraversion, Psychological↗

PubMed1979

Frustration-instigated behavior and learned helplessness.

This paper compares Seligman's recent work on learned helplessness with N. R. F. Maier's work on frustration-instigated behavior published some 30 years ago. Some striking similarities are noted between the two approaches, and it is concluded that some of the differences are more apparent than real and that the learned helplessness model could provide an explanation for the "abnormal fixations" reported by Maier.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

Diagnosis and treatment of academic frustration syndrome.

A random sample of medical students was compared with others who were unable to cope with unanticipated academic frustration. The noncoping students demonstrated higher levels of debilitating anxiety and lower levels of facilitating anxiety while their perceptions of locus of control tended to be more extreme. No difference was found in study habits and attitudes. Techniques of attribution therapy and desensitization in the counseling of these students proved to be effective in improving coping behavior in six of seven cases.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of two psychosomatic disorders of the gastrointestinal system (ulcer, colitis) using the Frustration Test].

By means of the frustration test (PFT) authors studied two psychosomatic diseases (ulcer and colitis) of the gastrointestinal tract. According to pertinent literature and pertinent literature and personal experiences the test will be helpful in revealing elaboration modalities of stress which are of decisive importance in the pathogenesis of the diseases. The study has been carried out on altogether 281 persons divided into following groups: psychosomatic patients in the "organic" and the "functional" stage, neurotics, and sine morbo controls, respectively. Statistical analysis and the paired t-test was used for the evaluation of results. It has been established that the particular psychosomatic type of reaction, the PFT-profile corresponding the "acting in", having been assessed by authors did exist. Nevertheless it permits no differentiation between patients in the "organic" and "functional" stage, as well as the neurotics with psychosomatic complaints, respectively. Some specific signs have been found however being characteristic for psychosomatic patients in the "organic" stage. According to authors disturbances of personality development lead in both, the neurotic and, they psychosomatic patients to disorders of adaptation, the ego integration, and inadequacy of mechanisms of stress elaboration. PFT is suitable to clear severity of the psychic anomaly.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1979

Factor and cluster analyses with the Rosenzweig Picture Frustration Study.

The Rosenzweig Picture Frustration (P-F) Study data of 104 psychiatric hospital patients, 56 males and 48 females, were subjected first to a Factor Analysis and then to a Cluster Analysis. In the former, five factors were extracted which showed some similarity to other Factor Analyses reported in the literature. The Cluster Analysis turned up one very large group (42% of the sample) characterized by depression and P-F profiles with elevated i and very low E scores. Seven other clusters are described in the article. The factors and clusters found are clinically meaningful and can provide assistance in interpreting P-F profiles. Recommendations for a revised P-F manual to enhance the usefulness of the test are made.

Adult↗

PubMed1977