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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Comparison of a complement fixation test, a gel diffusion test and two absorbed and unabsorbed ELISAs for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in sheep.

A complement fixation test for paratuberculosis, a gel diffusion test and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were evaluated using sera from Mycobacterium paratuberculosis infected and non-infected sheep. Gross pathology and histopathology were used as parameters of infection. The two ELISAs, one of which is commercially available for testing cattle, were used before and after sera had been absorbed with a soluble sonicate of Mycobacterium phlei. Differences between the various tests and between ELISAs before and after absorption were non-significant (P > 0.05) in non-infected sheep or in animals with gross or histopathological lesions. The specificity of all the tests was at least 97%. Sensitivity in histopathologically positive sheep was at least 98%. Sheep from infected flocks but without histopathological lesions showed serological results which were poorly correlated between the various tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Use of the double immuno gel diffusion test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to distinguish false from true reactors in the complement fixation test for Brucella ovis.

A gel diffusion test with sonicated Brucella ovis antigen and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on heat-extracted antigen were used to distinguish false from true reactions in a complement fixation test based on heat-extracted antigen. Of 142 complement fixing reactors (occurring in supposedly Brucella ovis-free, accredited flocks), the gel diffusion test correctly identified the status of 139 animals as compared to 128 with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A combination of the two methods resulted in a correct identification of 141 animals. The procedures provide an easy, cheap and quick way to determine the true status of reactors that show up during routine use of the complement fixation test in Brucella ovis re-accreditation procedures.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

[Serological diagnosis of bovine leukosis using the agar gel diffusion test].

Experiments were carried out to use the agar gel diffusion test (AGDT) in the study of bovine leukosis. An antigen was obtained from FLK-24 cells with a latent leukosis virus infection, which proved specific and suitable for AGDT. A total of 134 serum samples were examined applyig AGDT, for the presence of specific antibodies, originating from cattle of herds in which leukosis had been hematologically demonstrated. Investigated were also 56 sera of animals presenting an unknown clinical picture. Positive reaction was established in 70 per cent of the sera taken from herds with hematologically demonstrated leukosis. The specificity of AGDT was confirmed through establishing specific antibodies also in sera of lambs experimentally infected with a virus from a FBL-J 5 cell line with a latent infection. It is admitted that AGDT is a specific, sensitive, and readily applicable method, which can successfully be used in the diagnostics of leukosis in this country.

Agar↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison Of Agar-Gel Diffusion Tests, Counterimmunoelectrophoresis And Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay In The Sera Of Skin Test Positives For Paragonimiasis]

Agar-gel diffusion test (AGD), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) were examined with the sera of skin test positives for paragonimiasis. The crude antigen(Paragonimus whole worm extracts: protein concentration, 7.56mg/ml) and human sera were used in AGD and CIEP. And in ELISA test, diluted antigen with 1:40,000 of crude antigen and diluted sera with 1:100, 1:200 were used in the test. The positive identical ratio between AGD and CIEP reactions is 98 % and negative identical ratio is 100 %. One or three precipitin bands are observed in AGD. One to seven precipitin bands are also revealed in CIEP. Especially, deeply stained bands are observed in CIEP than those of AGD. The positive identical ratios between AGD and ELISA tests are 96 % in 1:100 diluted sera, and 94 % in 1:200 diluted sera. But the negative identical ratios between AGD and ELISA tests are 97 % and 99 % respectively in 1:100 and 1:200 diluted sera. The positive identical ratios between CIEP and ELISA tests are 98 % and 96 % respectively in 1:100 and 1:200 diluted sera, but also 97 % and 99 % in 1:100 and 1:200. Control sera, such as clonorchiasis, amoebiasis and toxoplasmosis, revealed all negatives with Paragonimus antigen in AGD, CIEP and ELISA tests. By above results, ELISA was most sensitive, next CIEP and AGD. But AGD test appears to be more useful when used to crude antigen without cross reaction with other parasitic infections. CIEP test is basically equal in terms of precipitin reaction, but CIEP is able to be detected more sensitively and rapidly though less simple in handiwork than AGD. Consequently, three methods for immunological tests of paragonimiasis have good correlations with one another. Also, each of these has both merits and demerits in immunological test for paragonimiasis. But the ELISA test was proved to be the most sensitive and convenient tool for mass screening test, especially in case of using purified antigen.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

Amoebiasis in northern Nigeria. An evaluation of the gel diffusion test.

Sera from 778 patients presenting a hospitals in Zaria and Kaduna, northern Nigeria, were tested for amoebic precipitins by the gel diffusion test; 106 (14%) were positive. Positive tests were obtained in 16 of 18 patients with an amoebic liver abscess, in 17 of 31 patients with amoebic dysentery and in three of 100 apparently healthy controls. Positive tests, and clinical cases of amoebiasis, were seen more frequently in the wet season than in the dry season.

Amoeba↗
PubMed1975

[Gel diffusion tests in malaria. Validity according to different techniques of extracting soluble antigens. Sensitivity compared with indirect immunofluorescence].

The value of the gel diffusion test in human malaria varied considerably, depending on the different methods tested to obtain soluble antigens. With one of these antigens, a saponin lysate of Plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes, the test proved as sensitive and specific as the IFA test with the homologous antigen.

Antigens↗
PubMed1974

An evaluation of an agar gel diffusion test with crude and purified antigens in the diagnosis of hydatid disease.

The sensitivity of the indirect haemagglutination test for the diagnosis of hydatid disease, although high, is insufficient. Agar gel diffusion tests for the diagnosis of this disease have not received much attention in the past and have been considered unsatisfactory. The authors propose such a test and evaluate its results in comparison with those of the indirect haemagglutination test.

Agar↗
PubMed1987

Diagnosis of Rhodococcus equi infection in foals by the agar gel diffusion test with protein antigen.

A protein antigen that reacted in the agar gel diffusion (AGD) test and which had equi factor(s) activity, was partially purified from the culture supernatant of Rhodococcus equi by successive column chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose and Sepharose 4B. Employing a standard foal serum, the concentration of this antigen was adjusted for the AGD test. Optimal dilutions of the antigen reacted in the AGD test with sera from foals naturally infected with serologically different R. equi. The antigen prepared was considered suitable for use in field surveys of R. equi infection. Accordingly, four groups of sera were tested: those from 18 foals diagnosed as being infected with R. equi, those from 54 control foals with culture-negative R. equi pneumonia, arthritis or cellulitis, those from 46 diseased foals suspected of having R. equi infection and those from 51 clinically normal foals. A positive precipitation reaction was observed with sera from 100% of the first group, 69.5% of the third group and 17.7% of the fourth group. A negative reaction was obtained with sera from 100% of the second group.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed1971

Sensitive matrix gel diffusion test for the detection of Australia antigen.

A matrix gel diffusion (MGD) procedure with a sensitivity comparable to the complement fixation test (CF) has been developed for detecting Australia antigen in serum. The test utilizes a thin layer of agar (0.1 mm) with an applied plastic matrix. Reactants are introduced directly onto the surface of the agar through wells in the plastic matrix. End points obtained by CF with a panel of 11 sera varied from 1:8 to 1:512. When these sera were tested by MGD, end points for detection of antigen were within one dilution of that obtained by CF.

Agar↗
PubMed2005

Comparison of the indirect haemagglutination and gel diffusion test for serotyping Haemophilus parasuis.

The aim of this study was to compare the use of indirect haemagglutination (IHA) and gel diffusion (GD) tests for serotyping Haemophilus parasuis by the Kielstein-Rapp-Gabrielson (KRG) scheme. All 15 serovar reference strains, 72 Australian field isolates, nine Chinese field isolates, and seven isolates from seven experimentally infected pigs were evaluated with both tests. With the IHA test, 14 of the 15 reference strains were correctly serotyped-with serovar 10 failing to give a titre with serovar 10 antiserum. In the GD test, 13 reference strains were correctly serotyped-with antigen from serovars 7 and 8 failing to react with any antiserum. The IHA methodology serotyped a total of 45 of 81 field isolates while the GD methodology serotyped a total of 48 isolates. For 29 isolates, the GD and IHA methods gave discordant results. It was concluded that the IHA is a good additional test for the serotyping of H. parasuis by the KRG scheme if the GD methodology fails to provide a result or shows unusual cross-reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Field evaluation of the gel diffusion test for the diagnosis of ram epididymitis caused by Brucella ovis.

A comparison was made with the microslide gel diffusion technique, the complement fixation test, cultural isolation, and clinical examination in detecting ram epididymitis caused by Brucella ovis. The results of the gel diffusion method are shown to be similar to those obtained by the complement fixation test and isolation of B. ovis from cultures of semen. The technique offers a reliable diagnostic method adaptable to field use in controlling ovine brucellosis and is more practical.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Determination of the subtype membership of the epizootic foot-and-mouth disease virus by means of the agar gel diffusion test].

Comparative studies were carried out by means of the agar gel-diffusion technique (AGDT) to establish the antigenic identity between the epizootic foot-and-mouth disease strain (the Nch/73 representative strain) and the standard viruses of type A. The epizootic strain was found to belong to the subtype group A5. Discussed is the usefulness of AGDT in determining the antigenic relations between the foot-and-mouth disease viruses.

Aphthovirus↗
PubMed1972

Studies of antigens for complement fixation and gel diffusion tests in the diagnosis of infections caused by Brucella ovis and other Brucella.

Sonically treated and saline-extracted antigens of Brucella ovis, B. canis, B. abortus, and B. melitensis were compared in gel diffusion, complement fixation, and serum absorption tests. All the sonically extracted antigens showed cross-reactions with sera from animals infected or immunized with these species, whereas the saline-extracted antigens were specific for the surface of the rough or smooth colonial phase of the species or strain. The saline-extracted antigens of B. ovis and B. melitensis were both eluted as a single peak in the void volume by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography, in gel diffusion had staining characteristics of lipoproteins, but in immunoelectrophoresis showed distinct mobility patterns. Serological activity for both gel diffusion and complement fixation tests was demonstrated in the immunoglobulin G-containing fraction of sera taken from sheep 12 to 412 days after infection with B. ovis. The gel diffusion test with saline extract of B. ovis is as sensitive as the complement fixation test for the diagnosis of ram epididymitis and is more practical.

Absorption↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of indirect haemagglutination test, gel-diffusion precipitin test, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of serum antibodies to Pasteurella multocida in naturally and experimentally infected rabbits.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), gel-diffusion precipitin test (GDPT), and indirect haemagglutination test (IHAT) were evaluated for the detection of antibodies to Pasteurella multocida in both naturally and experimentally infected rabbits. A total of 285 rabbit serum samples from 7 rabbit colonies were tested by ELISA, GDPT, and IHAT, and nasal cultures were taken coincidentally to use as the standard in the serological tests. There was better correlation (98.0%) between the results of ELISA and positive nasal culture than between the GDPT (86.3%) or IHAT (23.5%) and positive nasal culture. In addition, ELISA and GDPT were positive in 26 (11.1%) and 21 (9.0%) of 234 serum samples from nasal culture negative rabbits, respectively. In experimentally infected rabbits, antibodies detected by the ELISA and GDPT began to rise one to 3 weeks post-inoculation. IHAT did not detect antibodies. These results are discussed in terms of value to serodiagnosis of rabbit pasteurellosis.

Animals↗