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Results for “GLUCIDES”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Intravesical glucidic capsaicin versus glucidic solvent in neurogenic detrusor overactivity: a double blind controlled randomized study.

AIMS: Many studies report the use of alcoholic capsaicin instillation to treat neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO) in spinal cord injured (SCI) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. However, poor tolerability due to the irritative effect of the ethanol solvent limits its use. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a new formulation of capsaicin in a glucidic solution in a multicenter clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients (26MS/7SCI) suffering from urinary incontinence due to refractory NDO were prospectively enrolled in a double-blind placebo controlled study and randomized to capsaicin group (CG, N = 17) or solvent group (SG, N = 16). They respectively received an intravesical instillation of 100 ml capsaicin diluted in glucidic solvent (CG) or glucidic solvent alone (SG). Efficacy (voiding chart, maximum cystometric capacity (MCC)) and tolerability were evaluated on days 0 (D0), 30 and 90. RESULTS: On D0, groups were homogeneous. On D30, significant improvement of overactive bladder syndrome and an increase in MCC were shown in CG, whereas there were no improvement in SG. No significant improvement was shown on D90 in both groups. There were no significant differences between groups regarding prevalence, duration, or intensity of side effects, except for short duration pubic pain during instillation more often reported in CG (58.8%) than in SG (12.5%) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This placebo controlled study using glucidic capsaicin confirms its short-term efficacy in NDO patients. Global tolerance of glucidic capsaicin appeared satisfactory. Long-term efficacy and tolerance of repeated glucidic capsaicin instillations need to be evaluated.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Mechanism by which an elevation of extracellular glucide concentration induces pigment aggregation in medaka melanophores.

An increase in glucide concentration induces pigment aggregation in melanophores in the skin on scales isolated from the medaka, Oryzias latipes. In this study, hexoses (including the common D-isomers of glucose, galactose, fructose, and mannitol) were examined. Denervated melanophores were refractory to such stimuli. An alpha-adrenolytic agent, phentolamine, effectively blocked the responses of normally innervated melanophores. The pigment-aggregating action of glucide was inhibited by withdrawal of Ca(2+) and Mg(2+) ions from the medium. A specific blocker of voltage-dependent N-type Ca(2+) channels, the omega-conotoxin GVIA, also inhibited the glucide action. The conclusion derived is that an elevation of glucide levels acts to open Ca(2+) channels of presynaptic membranes of sympathetic postganglionic fibers, and the consequently released adrenergic transmitter acts on the effector cells to induce the aggregation of their pigmentary organelles.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1995

Restricted effect of formycin A and non-glucidic nutrients upon insulin release in islets from rats with hereditary or acquired non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Pancreatic islets isolated from control rats, Goto-Kakizaki rats and adult rats that were injected with streptozotocin during the neonatal period were incubated for two successive period of 90 min each in the presence of D-glucose (11.1 mM) with or without formycin A (1.0 mM), and in the presence of the dimethyl ester of succinic acid (SAD, 10.0 mM) with or without palmitate (1.0 mM). Although formycin A augmented glucose-stimulated insulin release in both control and diabetic rats, it failed to compensate for the impaired secretory response to D-glucose in the latter animals. Likewise, non-glucidic nutrients such as SAD and/or palmitate failed to display a more efficient insulinotropic action, relative to basal insulin output, in diabetic than control rats. These results indicate that both formycin A and non-glucidic nutrients are unable, through their immediate insulinotropic action, to restore a normal output of insulin in islets of animals with inherited or acquired non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Glucides of Cnidium monnieri fruit.

From the fruit of Cnidium monnieri Cusson (Umbelliferae), two glucides were isolated together with other known glucides. Their structures were clarified as glycerol 2-O-alpha-L-fucopyranoside and D-quinovitol (6-deoxy-D-glucitol), respectively.

Apiaceae↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dimorphism in "Ustilago cynodontis". II--Glucidic metabolism (author's transl)].

The glucidic metabolism has been studied in four strains of Ustilago cynodontis. Two of them--M1 and M7--are mycelial strains, the two others --L1 and L7--being yeast like are respectively issued from M1 and M7. The results obtained show that the choice between the different glucidic catabolism pathways takes place at the phosphofructokinase level. When the phosphofructokinase is lacking (M1) the catabolism occurs via the pentose phosphate cycle followed by the last glycolytic reactions (between triose-phosphates and pyruvic acid). When the phosphofructokinase is present it always enters into competition with a very active phosphoglucose isomerase which makes it ineffective (L1, M7, L7). In those cases the catabolism still proceeds through the pentose cycle either completely (L7) or incompletely (L1, M7), depending in the presence or the absence of transketolase. In the last case it is the phosphoketolases which carry out the conversion between fructose-5-phosphate, xylulose-6-phosphate and acetyl-phosphate.

Aldehyde-Lyases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A probable glucidic allotypic pattern carried by the Fab fragment of rabbit IgG (author's transl)].

An allotypic specificity of rabbit immunoglobulins designated as A90 has been studied. The A90 pattern found on the Fab fragment and gamma chain of IgG, is located on the constant region of the Fd fragment of IgG. Aa+ molecules (which carry a specificity of the a series) and Aa- molecules (which lack the a series specificity) isolated from the same serum carry the A90 pattern. A90 distribution in a given serum has been studied in several IgG fractions separated by DEAE cellulose chromatography; the most negatively charged of equally concentrated IgG fractions has ten times more A90 allotypic concentration than positively charged ones. The gene controlling A90 allotypic concentration than positively charged ones. The gene controlling A90 synthesis is not linked to a genes. The percentage of IgG molecules carrying the A90 pattern decreases with the age of the rabbits. Part of the anti-A90 antibodies combine with human IgG (of different subclasses) as well as with sheep and mouse IgG (among which they do not differentiate). The absence of linkage between A90 and a genes suggests that the A90 pattern has a glucidic part. We discuss this hypothesis, comparing some features of the A90 pattern to those of IgG human allotypic pattern for which a glucidic structure has been proposed.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

[Influence of temperature, pH and glucidic substrates on the growth and conidiogenesis of Arthroderma (trichophyton) simii Stockdale].

Growth and conidiogenesis of the (+) IMI 101 693 and (-) IMI 101 695 strains of Trichophyton simii were compared at several temperatures (20 to 40 degrees C) and various pH (pH 4 to 9) and were correlated with the concentration of glucose (20 to 100 g/l) or other glucidic substrates (10 g/l). Although the development of both strains was optimal between 25 to 33 degrees C at pH 6 and with 10 g/l of glucose, the (-) strain always growed less than the (+) strain. Conidiogenesis was inhibited by sucrose in the (-) strain and by lactose in the (+) strain.

Carbohydrates↗