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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Determination of gelsemium alkaloids by RP-HPLC].

Gelsemium elegans Benth is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, eight alkaloids have been isolated from this herb. In recent years, an HPLC method for the separation and determination of five of these alkaloids, ie. gelsemium A (G), koumine (F), kumantenidine (D), kumantenine (B) and kumantenmine (A) is described, dichroine being used as the internal standard. In this report a RP column of C18 and the mobile phase methanol--water--n-butylamine (78:22:0.1 V/V) were employed. The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, the column temperature was 25 degrees C and the detection wavelength was 256 nm. The calibration curves showed good linearity over the range of 0.02-0.12 microgram, r = 0.9835-0.9977 and the recoveries were 95.01-99.70% for the five alkaloids. The method is simple, sensitive and reproducible and can be used for the quality control of Gelsemium preparations for clinical evaluation.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2003

[Comparative study of uniform design and orthogonal design in the extraction of Gelsemium alkaloids].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a simple and efficient method for extracting Gelsemium alkaloids. METHODS: Uniform design and orthogonal design were respectively utilized to optimize the 3 factors in the extraction process, namely the type of solvent used, the solid-to-liquid ratio in the extraction system and the reflux time. RESULTS: Both of the design methods adopted trichloromethane as the solvent, with the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:7.5 and reflux time of 3 h with 3 repetitions for the highest yield of alkaloids. CONCLUSION: Similar results are obtained from the two design methods for extracting Gelsemium alkaloids.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2003

Pharmacological effect and toxicity of alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans Benth.

Gelsemium elegans Benth. (Loganiaceae), a toxic plant indigenous to southeastern Asia, is well known among hilltribes as an effective means for committing suicide. A crude alkaloidal fraction from its leaves was isolated by conventional acid-base extraction. Tests in animals showed that the alkaloids exerted analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. At a lethal dose, the alkaloids produced violent clonic convulsions that led to respiratory failure. Since the convulsions could be prevented by pentobarbital or diazepam and potentiated by reserpine, it is postulated that the alkaloids act centrally against GABA action.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2001

[Inhibitory effect of gelsemium alkaloids extract on hepatic carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro].

The inhibitory effect of gelsemium alkaloids exstract (GAA) on HepG2 cells in vitro were studied by crystal violet dyeing method. The morphological change of HepG2 cells were observed with optical microscope. The alterations of cell cycle induced by GAA were analyzed with flow cytometry. The results showed that HepG2 cells exposed to GAA 10 micrograms/ml was inhibited significantly (P < 0.05). The inhibitory effect appeared in a dose- and time-dependent manner. HepG2 cells showed nuclear chromosome segmentation and condensation after GAA treatment. There emerged obvious Sub-G1 peak in the DNA histogram of HepG2 cells. GAA has a significant inhibition on HepG2 cells in vitro. The mechanism of antitumor action may be related to their apoptosis inducing activity.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2002

Multiple animal intoxications associated with Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens) ingestions.

Neurological signs characterized by marked progressive weakness and convulsions culminating in death were observed in 3 goats over a 24-h period. Affected animals were in a group of 5 goats confined toa fenced paddock: a domestic goose within the paddock was also found dead. Present in the same paddock, but unaffected, were 2 other goats and an adult cow. Five days prior to the animals' deaths, the owner had trimmed the surrounding brush and had thrown the cuttings into the enclosure. Post mortem examination of 2 of the dead goats and the goose revealed reduced muscle mass and fat stores, serous atrophy of adipose tissue, and reduced gastrointestinal contents, which included numerous leaves identified as Carolina jessamine (Gelsemium sempervirens). Histologic lesions included mild diffuse neuronal degeneration and cerebellar Purkinje cell loss in all animals with mild multifocal vacuolation of brainstem and cerebral white matter in 1 goat, and myofiber atrophy with perimyseal fibrosis in the goose. Preexisting malnutrition and lack of adequate alternative forages likely resulted in ingestion of Carolina jessamine and subsequent toxicosis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Carolina jessamine toxicosis in goats and geese.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Neurotropic, immunological and gastric effects of low doses of Atropa belladonna L., Gelsemium sempervirens L. and Poumon histamine in stressed mice.

Previous studies realized in the laboratory have indicated that application of experimental stress (such as unavoidable footshock) induced significant behavioral, gastric and immunological alterations in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of low doses of Atropa belladonna L., Gelsemium sempervirens L. and Poumon histamine on stress-induced behavioral, immunological and gastric alterations. Locomotor, postural and exploratory activities have been evaluated by two behavioral tests: light/dark box and staircase tests. Immunological studies were investigated to count white blood cells subpopulations (lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes and basophils) by coulter counter. The severity of gastric erosions was evaluated by microscopic technique in mice after experimental stress. The results have demonstrated that low doses of G. sempervirens L. and A. belladonna L. had a significant neurotropic and protective effects on behavioral and gastric alterations induced by experimental stress. The immunological protective effects observed were probably induced via their neurotropic effects. The P. histamine showed a significant immunoprotective and gastroprotective effect in mice exposed to experimental stress.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rankinidine, a new indole alkaloid from Gelsemium rankinii.

A new oxindole alkaloid, rankinidine (1), has been isolated from the MeOH extract of the stem of Gelsemium rankinii. Its structure was elucidated by comparison with an analog, humantenirine (3), which also occurred in this plant.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytotoxic steroids of Gelsemium sempervirens.

A new pregnane derivative, 12 beta-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregn-16-ene-3,20-dione, along with the known derivative 12 beta-hydroxy-pregna-4,16-diene-3,20-dione have been isolated from a MeOH extract of the stem of Gelsemium sempervirens and found to be the principal cytotoxic entities. The 13C-nmr spectra of both compounds were assigned by comparison with other pregnane analogs thereby allowing confirmation of the stereochemistry at C-5 in compound. Heteronuclear 2D correlation and selective INEPT experiments indicated the need to revise a number of 13C-nmr assignments of pregn-4,16-dien-3,20-dione. Nine indole alkaloids, gelsemine, gelsevirine, 21-oxogelsemine, gelsedine, 14 beta-hydroxygelsedine, gelsenicine, humantenidine, humantenirine, and koumidine were found to be inactive in the KB and P-388 cytotoxicity test systems.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New humantenine-type alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans.

The alkaloid extract of the whole plant of Gelsemium elegans has afforded four new alkaloids: N-desmethoxyrankinidine [1], 11-hydroxrankinidine [3], 11-hydroxyhuman-humantenine [4] and humantenirine [6]. The structures of 5 was established through X-ray crystallographic analysis, and the structures of the other three new alkaloids were deduced by spectral analysis (1H, 13C, APT, 2D-COSY and 2D-HETCOR).

Alkaloids↗