PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Genes, Dominant”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Familial aggregation in Alzheimer dementia--I. A model for the age-dependent expression of an autosomal dominant gene.

An autosomal dominant genetic etiology has been proposed for Alzheimer Dementia (AD), but many cases appear to be sporadic. Evaluation of the possible genetic transmission of AD from its familial aggregation requires consideration of (1) the proportion of index cases with genetic disease, and (2) the consequences of typically very late onset. To investigate these factors, a provisional biomathematical genetic model was developed from the empirical age-specific incidence of AD in relatives. Based upon the premise of an autosomal dominant AD gene in proband families, the modeling technique provides estimates of the proportion of genetic index cases (as opposed to phenocopies) and the parameters of age-dependent gene expression. With appropriate parameters the model accurately reflects the age-specific familial risk of AD, suggesting the appropriateness of its underlying assumptions. The estimated proportions of genetic index cases suggest that heritable disease constitutes a majority of AD. In cases ascertained by the presence of aphasia or apraxia the estimated proportion of genetic cases is 100%. The greatest likelihood of gene expression is in the ninth decade, however, suggesting that most genetically predisposed relatives will die from other causes before developing AD.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2003

Genetics of growth habit (spring vs winter) in common wheat: confirmation of the existence of dominant gene Vrn4.

The number of dominant Vrn genes in common wheat, Triticum aestivum L., is estimated. Data were obtained supporting Pugsley's and Gotoh's data on the presence of a dominant gene Vrn4 in near-isogenic line 'Triple Dirk F'. The presence of a dominant gene Vrn4 in line 'Gabo-2' of cultivar 'Gabo', which was used by Pugsley as a donor of the gene Vrn4 for the near-isogenic line 'Triple Dirk F', was also confirmed. The Vrn2 and Vrn4 relationship and their chromosomal location are discussed. It was demonstrated that the dominant Vrn8 gene which was introgressed from Triticum sphaerococcum to common wheat by Stelmakh and Avsenin is allelic to Vrn4. While genes Vrn6(sc) and Vrn7(sc) which were introgressed from rye, Secale cereale L., by the above-mentioned authors are not allelic to the genes Vrn1, Vrn2, Vrn3 and Vrn4.

Alleles↗
PubMed2003

Development of PCR-based markers linked to dominant genes for male-fertility restoration in Pampa CMS of rye (Secale cereale L.).

Cytoplasmatic male sterility (CMS) is the basis for commercial hybrid seed production of rye. Nuclear restorer genes are indispensable for a complete restoration of fertility of the CMS lines. The drawbacks of current European restorer lines require the utilisation of new genetic resources that have been recently detected in an Iranian primitive rye population (IRAN IX) and an Argentinean landrace (Pico Gentario). The introgression of these effective restorer genes (Rfp1 and Rfp2, respectively) into breeding material can be facilitated by marker-assisted selection. Using two F(2) populations based on crosses between the non-restorer inbred line Lo6 and the restorer IRAN IX, as well as Pico Gentario, RAPDs and AFLPs were screened and led to a closely linked marker set for each of these genes. The conversion of the closest markers into fragment-specific sequence-characterised amplified region (SCAR) markers resulted in flanking ranges of 2.9 cM (Rfp1) and 5.2 cM (Rfp2). The application of these markers in backcross programmes is discussed.

Genes, Dominant↗
PubMed1999

Selectable marker-free transgenic plants without sexual crossing: transient expression of cre recombinase and use of a conditional lethal dominant gene.

Transgenic tobacco plants were produced that contained single-copy pART54 T-DNA, with a 35S-uidA gene linked to loxP-flanked kanamycin resistance (nptII) and cytosine deaminase (codA) genes. Retransformation of these plants with pCre1 (containing 35S transcribed cre recombinase and hygromycin (hpt) resistance genes) resulted in excision of the loxP-flanked genes from the genome. Phenotypes of progeny from selfed-retransformed plants confirmed nptII and codA excision and integration of the cre-linked hpt gene. To avoid integration of the hpt gene, and thereby generate plants totally free of marker genes, we attempted to transiently express the cre recombinase. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (pCre1) was cocultivated with leaf discs of two pART54-transformed lines and shoots were regenerated in the absence of hygromycin selection. Nineteen of 773 (0.25%) shoots showed tolerance to 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) which is converted to the toxic 5-fluorouracil by cytosine deaminase. 5-fc tolerance in six shoots was found to be due to excision of the loxP-flanked region of the pART54 T-DNA. In four of these shoots excision could be attributed to cre expression from integrated pCre1 T-DNA, whereas in two shoots excision appeared to be a consequence of transient cre expression from pCre1 T-DNA molecules which had been transferred to the plant cells but not integrated into the genome. The absence of selectable marker genes was confirmed by the phenotype of the T1 progeny. Therefore, through transient cre expression, marker-free transgenic plants were produced without sexual crossing. This approach could be applicable to the elimination of marker genes from transgenic crops which must be vegetatively propagated to maintain their elite genotype.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens↗
PubMed1999

Estimating genetic drift and effective population size from temporal shifts in dominant gene marker frequencies.

Measurement of temporal change in allele frequencies represents an indirect method for estimating the genetically effective size of populations. When allele frequencies are estimated for gene markers that display dominant gene expression, such as, e.g. random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, the estimates can be seriously biased. We quantify bias for previous allele frequency estimators and present a new expression that is generally less biased and provides a more precise assessment of temporal allele frequency change. We further develop an estimator for effective population size that is appropriate when dealing with dominant gene markers. Comparison with estimates based on codominantly expressed genes, such as allozymes or microsatellites, indicates that about twice as many loci or sampled individuals are required when using dominant markers to achieve the same precision.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1997

To be or not to be a T-lymphomas, that is determined by a dominant gene Tlsm-1 in mouse models.

A single dominant gene Tlsm-1 was found to determine the type of spontaneous lymphomas to be T in the cross between AKR/Ms and SL/Kh. Microsatellite analysis mapped Tlsm-1 at the position 61 cM from centromere of Chr. 7. Study of this segment of T-lymphoma prone AKXD Rl strains also showed association of Tlsm-1 with T-lymphomas. On the other hand, lymphoma latency was significantly shorten by a recessive gene lla of SL/Kh. By a quantitative trait analysis, lla was located in class II gene in MHC.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Aneuploidies, chromosome aberrations and dominant gene mutations detected in 113,913 consecutive newborn children in Mexico.

Data on 113,913 liveborn children from a hospital in Guadalajara, Jalisco (Mexico), were analysed for birth defects (BD); mutation rates were calculated for sporadic aneuploidy, chromosome aberrations and dominant gene mutations. The results showed a general incidence of 13.92 BD cases per 1000 liveborns, of which 1.64% were chromosomal abnormalities, 1.50% were aneuploid, 0.14% were structural chromosome aberrations and 3.23% were dominant gene mutations. The mutation rates were 8.20 x 10(-4) chromosomal abnormalities, 7.5 x 10(-4) aneuploidies, 7.0 x 10(-5) chromosome aberrations and 1.61 x 10(-3) dominant gene mutations/gamete/generation, respectively. The lethality rate was 15.32% of the liveborns with BD. The described findings estimate the incidence of new human mutants detected at birth in a sample of the Mexican population. They show that the rate for some aneuploidies are similar to those found in other populations previously reported in the literature but the rates of chromosome and dominant gene mutations were different.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1981

Recessive and dominant genes controlling inducible sexual agglutinability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

We have characterized the two dominant genes, IND 1 and IND 2, responsible for inducible sexual agglutinability. The strains carrying these genes differ from the inducible strains carrying the recessive gene, saa 1 in the following points. The former strains produce agglutination substance at 22 degree, 28 degree, and 37 degree C only response to sex pheromone of the opposite mating type, but the latter strains produce the substance constitutively without the pheromone at 22 degree C, only in response to the pheromone at 28 degree C, and do not produce the substance, even in the presence of the pheromone, at 37 degree C. We suggest that strains carrying one of the dominant, inducible genes are wild type and have a pheromone-controlled regulatory system of sexual agglutinability.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Testing a single dominant gene theory without an accepted criterion variable.

In testing a single dominant gene hypothesis we often are not able directly to measure the inherited trait. A typical situation is one where we only have one or more fallible indicators of the trait under study. The statistical method proposed requires that we have measurements on several such indicators for each of the parents of probands known to possess the trait.

Genes, Dominant↗