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Results for “Genu Varum”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial epiphysiodesis to address genu varum or genu valgum.

Two groups of children with excessive genu valgum or genu varum were treated with a partial epiphysiodesis. In group I (16 extremities) a predictive chart was used to determine the appropriate bone age to perform the partial epiphysiodesis, and in group II (15 extremities) the age for the procedure was estimated. The partial epiphysiodesis was performed by either an open or a percutaneous technique. In group I the correction of the genu valgum and genu varum followed the predicted course, whereas group II resulted in a 9.1 degree error. Genu valgum and genu varum in children with adequate remaining growth can be corrected using a predictive growth chart to determine the appropriate bone age for the procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Genu varum and genu valgum in children.

Genu varum and genu valgum are often normal developmental changes in knee alignment that occur in a young child. Measuring the child's height and understanding normal development is the key to determining which children need further evaluation for a possible skeletal or metabolic bone dysplasia.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1989

[Marmor's method of hemi-arthroplasty of the knee in arthritic genu varum or genu valgum].

During the period 1976-1986 the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Reinier de Graaf Gasthuis in Delft performed 51 hemicompartmental resurfacing arthroplasties using the Marmor modular knee on 44 patients with moderate to serious degrees of genu varum/valgum arthroticum. This procedure gave a good result in 75% of the cases. The short period of hospitalisation was advantageous to the patients, whose average age was 71 years. When hemicompartmental osteoarthritis exists and corrective osteotomy is not indicated, hemicompartmental arthroplasty is considered preferable to a total knee procedure.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Normal limits of knee angle in white children--genu varum and genu valgum.

Knee angle and intermalleolar (IM) or intercondylar (IC) distance were measured in 196 white children aged 6 months to 11 years to establish normal limits of tibiofemoral angle. Children were maximally bowlegged at age 6 months and progressed toward approximately neutral knee angles (0 degree) by age 18 months. Greatest mean knock knee of 8 degrees was observed at age 4 years, followed by a gradual decrease to a mean of < 6 degrees at 11 years. Normal children aged 2-11 years had knock knee up to 12 degrees and intermalleolar distance up to 8 cm; the existence of bowlegs after age 2 years was abnormal.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Physiological genu varum.

Physiological genu varum is a condition which, during the first years of life, usually does not require any treatment, but it can present differential diagnostic difficulties. The condition can be distinguished from Mb Blount, prenatal genu varum, hypophosphataemia, rachitis, and post-traumatic genu varum in its course, roentgenological picture, and laboratory examination. It is highly probable that physiological genu varum is the reversible initial stage at Mb Blount, because both physiological genu and Mb Blount can occur at the same time in the same patient.

Child↗
PubMed2004

Patella kinematics and patello-femoral contact areas in patients with genu varum and mild osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Patients with genu varum of the knee and moderate to severe osteoarthritis often suffer from additional symptoms of the patello-femoral joint. These patients have a poor prognosis following high tibial osteotomy. It is unclear whether varus knees with only mild femoro-tibial osteoarthritis are also associated with alterations of patella biomechanics, and affect the prognosis of intended high tibial osteotomy. METHODS: Fifteen patients with genu varum and mild osteoarthritis and 15 healthy volunteers were assessed in an open MRI-scanner. 3D-GRE sequences of the knee were obtained in 0 degrees, 30 degrees and 90 degrees with and without activity of the extensor muscles. After segmentation of patella, femur, tibia and the adjacent cartilage, a patella-based local coordinate system was established. Femoral and tibial reference points allowed definition of the spatial position of the patella. Contact areas were defined by intersection of opposing cartilage volumes. FINDINGS: No significant differences in patella kinematics and patello-femoral contact areas could be found (P > 0.05) between varus knees with mild osteoarthritis and healthy knees either at different flexion angles or under extending muscle activity. INTERPRETATION: In knees with genu varum and mild medial osteoarthritis we could detect no alterations in patello-femoral kinematics. Since the alterations of patients with genu varum and mild osteoarthritis are restricted to the medial femoro-tibial joint high tibial osteotomy might be successful.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Genu varum in achondroplasia.

The etiology of genu varum in achondroplasia is the subject of much speculation. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between fibular overgrowth and genu varum in achondroplasia. A retrospective analysis was performed on the long-leg radiographs of 48 pediatric patients with achondroplasia. All patients were skeletally immature, and the average age was 7.7 years (range, 3-16 years). Boys were significantly more likely to have varus mechanical tibiofemoral angles than girls (Fisher exact test, P=0.038 for the right leg and P=0.008 for the left leg). The distance from the proximal and distal fibula to the proximal tibia knee and ankle joint orientation lines, respectively, was not associated with the alignment of the lower extremity. We conclude that fibular overgrowth does not correlate with the severity of genu varum.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed2000

Long-term results after physiological genu varum.

All reports agree that the physiological genu varum is a normal condition in early childhood which does not require any treatment, but there is no documentation to correlate between the clinical and radiographic severity of the varus deformity in early childhood and the prognosis in later life. Seventy three cases (135 knees) were followed up from the onset of genu varum at age 11.5 months (range, 8-24 months) until the last follow-up, at age 36.5 years (range, 28-65 years). The angles, femorotibial and metaphyseal-diaphyseal of tibia at first examination were analysed on 107 radiographs (57 cases). The femorotibial angle measured 17 degrees (range, 0-40 degrees), and the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle of the tibia was 8 degrees (range, 0-21 degrees). None of these knees developed Blount's disease. About two-thirds of the cases (50 cases, 89 knees) showed no symptoms at all and were satisfactory, whereas about one-third of the cases (17 cases, 34 knees) reported that sometimes, they have mild pain, stiffness or both, especially on exertion. One can not be sure whether these cases should be interpreted as a beginning of arthrosis or not. More research is needed to study the long-term results after physiological genu varum as unfortunately there appear to be no reports of work on this topic in the world literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Genu Varum in Children: Diagnosis and Treatment.

Genu varum is a relatively common finding in children. Physiologic bowing, which is seen most often, has a well-documented favorable natural history. Idiopathic tibia vara is the most common of the pathologic conditions that are associated with bowed legs; treatment strategies vary with the patient's age and the stage of disease and deformity. Genu varum may also accompany systemic conditions, such as achondroplasia, vitamin D-resistant rickets, renal osteodystrophy, and osteogenesis imperfecta-all of which can result in short stature. Indications for intervention are not always well defined. A rare disorder, focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia, usually requires no treatment. Standing radiographs of the entire lower limbs are necessary for surgical planning, as the deformity can sometimes affect the distal femur rather than the proximal tibia. Restoration of the mechanical axis of the limb is the principal goal of treatment; the particular type of internal fixation is of secondary importance.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1984

Domed (cupola) tibial osteotomy in the treatment of decompensated arthrosis secondary to genu varum.

Decompensated arthrosis secondary to genu varum is always a severely disabling condition. In English speaking countries there is an increasing trend towards prosthetic replacement surgery, but the present paper aims to show that valgising tibial osteotomy is still a valid form of treatment. The authors also discuss the various techniques that have been used and describe the advantages and results of their own preferred technique of "domed" osteotomy.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1994

Quadriceps femoris activation changes in genu varum: a possible biomechanical factor in the pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis.

This study was designed to determine whether the presence of an alignment deformity of the lower leg, known as genu varum, causes abnormalities in individual- or group-activation of the surrounding knee extensors, a situation which might accelerate knee deterioration. Nine healthy women with normal tibial alignment were compared with nine age-matched healthy women with genu varum. The outcome measure of maximal quadriceps femoris activity was recorded during successive maximal concentric isometric and isokinetic contractions of the knee extensors performed on a dynamometer using surface electromyography. The results showed that, taken as a whole, the percentage utilization of quadriceps motor units was higher for those subjects with genu varum (p < 0.01). These findings demonstrate that the extensors surrounding a varus knee might function less efficiently than those surrounding a normally aligned knee. As such they suggest that pathological force generation across a varus knee might be caused, in part, by associated alterations in quadriceps tension generating capacity.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The use of an external tibial fixator in the treatment of genu varum.

This paper reports 72 cases of genu varum treated by a U-shaped osteotomy of the tibia and an oblique osteotomy of the fibula in combination with immobilization effected by a specially designed external tibial fixator. Owing to this modified approach, the patients were able to stand up and move about much earlier than usual. Our trial yielded 80.7% excellent, 16.6% good and 2.7% fair results. The treatment course was shortened to two thirds of the time required when using previously described techniques.

Adolescent↗