[Effect of the geroprotector 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine chlorhydrate on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster].
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Aging↗
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Results for “Geroprotector effects”
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SIRT1 in brain aging: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of pharmacological and natural modulators.
Aging is a multifactorial process affects different tissues and organs and is modulated by genetic and environmental factors. In aging, the frequency of DNA repair errors and genomic instability are augmented. Depletion of endogenous antioxidant capacity during aging promotes the development of oxidative stress which triggers oxidative stress-induced DNA injury. Brain aging is manifested by cognitive impairment and memory disorders. Development of neuronal senescence is the major pathway in the progression of brain aging. Silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a class III histone deacetylase plays a critical role in genomic stability during aging. SIRT1 is highly expressed in specific brain regions involved in energy expenditure and metabolic activity that is necessary for brain development and control of brain senescence. Therefore, SIRT1 may have neuroprotective effects against brain aging and related neurodegenerative diseases. This narrative review aims to critically evaluate the role of SIRT1 in brain aging and to summarize current evidence on compounds that directly or indirectly modulate SIRT1 activity, with a focus on their mechanistic pathways and potential therapeutic implications. Findings of the present review highlighted that SIRT1 activators such as resveratrol, metformin and statins have neuroprotective effects against brain aging by regulating inflammatory and oxidative stress disorders through modulation of downstream signaling pathways.
Humans↗
Effect of low-molecular-weight factors of thymus and pineal gland on life span and spontaneous tumour development in female mice of different age.
Female SHR mice, aged 3.5 or 12 months, were exposed monthly to 5-day long courses of subcutaneous injections of 0.1 mg thymus-derived or pineal gland-derived polypeptide factors (TF and PF, respectively) or 0.9% sodium chloride solution (control). PF treatment increased life span of both young and middle-aged mice by 20% and 17%, respectively, and TF increased the life span only in young mice. Both factors when administered to young mice caused a decrease in both overall tumour incidence and incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas (TF, 1.8-fold decrease; PF, 2.6-fold decrease). TF administration to mature mice did not produce any antitumour effect, whereas PF possessed certain anti-tumour activity, but the response was far less pronounced than in young animals. The results obtained give additional evidence of the geroprotective and anti-tumour effect of thymus and pineal gland-derived peptide factors. The mechanisms of action of TF and PF and perspectives of clinical use of these agents as geroprotectors are discussed.
Age Factors↗