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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Intracranial giant cell arteritis.

A case of giant cell arteritis of intracranial vessels diagnosed by autopsy is described. Giant cell arteritis of the proximal basal brain arteries was exceptionally marked in a man of 60 years. The clinical course, laboratory findings and the pathological alterations of the brain and intracranial blood vessels are described. The case is discussed on the basis of the literature on giant cell arteritis with cerebral symptoms as well as on granulomatous giant cells arteritis of the brain. A separation of these two entities does not seem justified.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1978

Giant cell arteritis (cranial arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica).

Giant cell arteritis, which is probably due to disturbed immune mechanisms, has a spectrum of clinical symptoms in elderly people. In nearly all cases such general signs as loss of appetite, loss of weight and fever are present. The sedimentation rate is almost without exception about 100 mm in the first hour. The two most frequent and typical clinical syndromes are polymyalgia rheumatica and cranial arteritis. The polymyalgia rheumatica is characterized by periarticular pain which is mostly symmetrical and accentuated in the shoulder girdle. Increasingly severe temporal headache and ocular distrubances are found with cranial arteritis in more than 50% of cases. A combination of both diseases is frequent. Other arterial branches are rarely involved. The course of the disease is over a period of 1 1/2 to 2 years. Treatment with corticosteroids is indicated mainly because of the severe ocular complications with blindness. It should begin immediately, be intensive and last over a long period. Regular followup is necessary over several years in order to avoid relapses.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Giant cell arteritis in a black patient.

Giant cell arteritis has been thought to occur only in white patients. There have been several recent reports of this disorder to blacks, however, and this case of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis in a black patient indicates the diagnosis should be considered in any elderly patient with typical symptoms regardless of race.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1977

Intracranial involvement of giant-cell arteritis.

Two cases of giant-cell arteritis with cerebral arteritis are presented. The clinical situation and the suggestive but nonspecific angiographic features make the antemortem diagnosis possible. Greater awareness of this entity will facilitate its diagnosis and the institution of effective steroid therapy.

Cerebral Arterial Diseases↗
PubMed1976

Giant cell arteritis with visceral angiitis.

We describe a case in which giant cell arteritis coexisted with microscopic polyarteritis nodosa and focal-local glomerulonephritis. We also review previous cases of renal abnormalities in giant cell arteritis. We believe that this association of inflammatory renal disease and giant cell arteritis has not been documented in the past.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Cerebral aneurysm induced by giant cell arteritis: a case report.

A rare case of giant cell arteritis inducing an aneurysmal dilatation in the peripheral branch of the middle cerebral artery was presented. The lesion was solitary and no extra-cerebral vasculature was involved. The literature of giant cell arteritis and of similar disorders involving the intracranial arteries was reviewed.

Cerebral Arteries↗
PubMed1979

[Giant cells arteritis. A disease previously reported as various syndromes (author's transl)].

Thirteen cases of giant cell arteritis admitted to a Department of Internal Medicine between 1962 and 1977 are reviewed. Giant cell arteritis exhibited different clinical forms, including: temporal arteritis, rheumatic polymyalgia, syndrome of the supra-aortic trunks, cranial arteritis in its ophthalmic and neurologic forms, and generalized arteritis. On the basis of the clinical data, overall examinations, laboratory tests, X-rays, angiograms and histopathologic findings the authors conclude that a single disease is involved. The fact that various of the symptoms occur simultaneously in different patients and that all of the clinical forms have a common pathologic basis points toward giant cell arteritis with different clinical manifestations.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Highly located transverse lesion of the cord with quadriplegia caused by giant cell arteritis (author's transl)].

This is a report of a 64 years old patient who experienced a transverse lesion of the spinal cord with quadriplegia caused by giant cell arteritis. It is stressed that giant cell arteritis not only affects the temporal arteries but on principle any other artery of the body. The giant cell arteritis generally is accompanied with similar humoral findigns as a malignant neoplasm. Therefor in a few cases with high spinal cord lesion suspected to be caused by a malignant tumour the giant cell arteritis may be the real cause, if a spinal mass is excluded. In order to prevent irreversible paralytic defects a cortisone therapy has to be started with as early as possible. It must be carried on for a long period to prevent a restarting of the inflammatory process.

Cortisone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Case report: Association of giant cell arteritis and pituitary tumor. Report of two cases.

Two patients with giant cell arteritis and visual deficits were found to have pituitary tumors, which accounted for the optic findings. The various ophthalmologic abnormalities in these two conditions, which were apparently coincidentally associated in these two patients, are compared. These cases illustrate the importance of careful neuro-ophthalmologic examination and roentgenograms of the head in patients with giant cell arteritis who have visual field loss.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Light and electron microscopic studies on human temporal arteries with special reference to alterations related to senescence, atherosclerosis and giant cell arteritis.

Temporal artery biopsy specimens from 26 patients of various ages with and without giant cell arteritis afforded an opportunity to examine several ultrastructural features of these human muscular arteries, including senescent and atherosclerotic alterations and the fine structural pathology of temporal arteritis. The unusual pathologic features of temporal arteritis were found superimposed on the progressive accumulation of smooth muscle cells, collagen and occasional discrete intimal atherosclerotic plaques in the intima of aging arteries. Two features of giant cell arteritis were conspicuous: first, the accumulation of large numbers of histiocytes and epitheloid and giant cells at the intimal-medial junction and second, fragmentation, degeneration and dissolution of the internal elastic lamina. The close proximity of the granulomatous reaction to the degenerating lamina suggests that these two aspects of the pathologic picture are in some way related, and possible immunologic mechanisms of this relationship are discussed on the basis of the ultrastructural findings.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Giant cell arteritis of the female genital tract.

In a patient who had a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for endometrial adenocarcinoma, a giant cell arteritis was found in many of the myometrial and tubal vessels and in a few of the small arteries of the cervix and ovaries. On subsequent questioning, a history of treatment for polymyalgia rheumatica during the preceding 12 months was elicited. Of the three previously reported patients with giant cell arteritis of the uterus, two were suffering from polymyalgia rheumatica whilst one possibly had disseminated visceral giant cell arteritis.

Female↗
PubMed1979

[Liver changes in giant-cell arteritis: temporal arteritis and rheumatic polymyalgia (author's transl)].

Liver changes were demonstrated in six elderly patients with giant-cell arteritis (temporal arteritis, three with polymyalgia). Histologically there was fatty infiltration in four and pericentral congestion in five, star-cell nodules in one and non-specific hepatitis in one. Bromsulphalein test was abnormal in all, but rapidly became normal as the arteritis was successfully treated with corticoids. The pathogenesis of the liver changes is unclear. The authors' observations and published reports suggest that they are typical of giant-cell arteritis; it is of importance in the diagnosis of underlying disease.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1978

Giant cell arteritis. Clinical features and involvement of different organs.

Sixty-eight patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) are described. In 42, histological evidence of arteritis was recorded at biopsy of a temporal artery. Twenty-six patients were included according to clinical criteria. In 20 patients the onset of illness was associated with an infection. The first symptom was: in 30 patients, muscle pains; in 14, fever; in 11, headache with temporal localization, and in 13 patients, tiredness and anorexia. In all, 50 patients had muscular symptoms and 30 had symptoms of localized temporal arteritis. In 5 patients neither muscular symptoms nor localized arteritis were found. A high erythrocyte sedimentation rate was seen in all cases and elevated platelet count was found in 24 patients. Abnormal liver function was a common finding, whereas impaired renal function was not observed. In 8 cases reversible eye symptoms were noted and reduced hearing capacity was demonstrated in 5 patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

[Multiple neuropaty caused by giant cell arteritis. Clinico-pathological report of a case].

The case of a 67 years old woman with giant cell arteritis and neuritis multiplex is reported. The diagnosis was based on the microscopic appearances of temporal artery biopsy specimens. The authors described the involvement of peripheral nerves in this disease and made differential diagnosis with polyarteritis nodosa. There was also hemorragic infarction of the brain without giant-cells in brain vessels. It is concluded that this diagnosis should be considered in any elderly patient with peripheral neuropathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Disseminated visceral giant cell arteritis: histopathologic description and differentiation from other granulomatous vasculitides.

Disseminated visceral giant cell arteristic, a previously unknown entity, was observed in four autopsied patients, all men, aged 33, 67, 59 and 45 years. None of the patients had temporal arteritis, collagen disease, sarcoidosis, hepatitis or other infections, and vasculitis was diagnosed only after death. All had giant cell arteritis of extracranial arteries and arterioles in at least three of the following organs: the heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, pancreas, and stomach in various combinations. Despite some histopathologic similarities, disseminated visceral giant cell arteritis can be distinguished from other necrotizing and granulomatous vasculitides by the type of vessels principally affected and the presence or absence of giant cells, vascular fibrinoid necrosis and eosinophilic infiltrates. The observations suggest that it is a distinctive type of systemic vasculitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Aortic regurgitation as a manifestation of giant cell arteritis.

The detailed clinical findings of a 65-year-old woman who developed aortic regurgitation caused by giant cell aortitis are presented. The initial phase of the disease was dominated by severe non-specific constitutional symptomatology suggesting infective endocarditis or a malignancy. Aortic regurgitation as a manifestation of giant cell arteritis has hitherto recieved scant attention in the published reports. The clinical and therapeutic relevance of this masquerade is discussed.

Aged↗