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Results for “Gingival Crevicular Fluid”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Some characteristics of collagenase activity in gingival crevicular fluid and its relationship to gingival diseases in humans.

Collagenase activity in human gingival fluid was measured using a radioactive collagen fibril assay. The activity was positively correlated with the severity of gingival disease. The fluid collagenase seemed to be controlled by alpha 2-macroglobulin, based on its activation by NaSCN, and to be present solely in the extracellular fraction. Examination of the collagen breakdown products by acrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that the fluid collagenase was of tissue rather than bacterial origin.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Gingival crevicular fluid: a new diagnostic aid in managing the periodontal patient.

On the whole, the studies on GCF have demonstrated that the flow of this fluid is sufficiently indicative of the inflammatory state that it can be used under a variety of clinical conditions to monitor and control gingival inflammation. Since gingivitis is extremely common, and since some cases of gingivitis presumably do not progress to periodontitis, the question could be posed whether or not a concerted effort to control inflammation (i.e. trying to achieve a GCF flow as near to zero as possible) would be clinically significant. Until there is evidence to the contrary, the answer must be "yes", since few cases are known where periodontitis occurs without being preceded by gingivitis. In other words, the control of all gingivitis, if feasible, should prevent most cases of periodontitis. Although control of all gingivitis would mean the treatment of many cases that would not progress to periodontal breakdown, such efforts would be worth-while if most periodontal destruction were prevented. Even the early destructive lesion exhibiting little or no inflammation may soon be identified, mainly because the minute volume of fluid collected from the gingival crevice can now be measured accurately. Accordingly, the concentration of various constituents in the GCF can be determined, which should lead to the development of tests to differentiate between pockets undergoing active destruction with minimal inflammation from the majority of active lesions that are intimately involved with frank inflammation. Thus, a clinician would measure sub-clinical gingival inflammation by measuring GCF flow, then differentiate destructive from quiescent lesions by analyzing the GCF sample for some constituent(s), chemical or microbial (Listgarten et al. 1975) indicative of the periodontal destructive process. Monitoring the flow of GCF might be of value in other clinical situations. For example, one could monitor the response of gingival tissues to various restorative and prosthetic procedures (Strauss et al. 1975) to ensure that these procedures do not aggravate the periodontal tissues and induce gingivitis or periodontitis. The education of the patient should be easier since patients can read their own numbers on the GCF meter at each examination and self-evaluate their personal periodontal condition and the effectiveness of their home care. Even the education of the dental student should be easier since he or she would have the means of self-evaluating the effectiveness of treatment, and not be as dependent upon the subjective assessment of his efforts by an instructor. Finally, monitoring GCF for various components could provide the dentist with a valuable means of easily screening patients for systemic disease. Obviously, this area of investigation is in its infancy, but does promise an exciting future for the oral diagnostician.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of gingival health and gingival crevicular fluid flow in children with and without diabetes.

GCF flow measurements and a clinical scoring of gingival health were both recorded for a group of 56 children with diabetes and 41 children without diabets. The children with diabetes had significantly more gingival disease than the children without diabetes when compared with either measure. A small but significant correlation was found between the GCF flow and the clinical scores with the children with diabetes but not with the children without diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Detection of functional complement components in gingival crevicular fluid from humans with periodontal diseases.

Crevicular fluid was collected from patients with periodontitis by a capillary tube procedure. Complement component activities were determined by functional assay systems, with human complement, and partially purified human first complement component (C1) as controls. The complement-fixing properties of the dental plaque of each patient were also examined C1 activity in the crevicular fluid of all patients was approximately 1/8 of whole serum C1 and diminished rapidly with time after collection. There was no significant relationship between C1 concentration and crevicular fluid flow rate. Hemolytic activity of whole complement was also invariable detected when sufficient amounts (8 micronl) of crevicular fluid could be obtained. Dental plaque was found to fix C1. A role for crevicular complement in inflammatory periodontal disease is suggested.

Complement C1↗
PubMed1978

Streptococcus mutans dextransucrase: stimulation by phospholipids from human sera and oral fluids.

Serum, gingival crevicular fluid, and parotid, submandibular, and labial minor gland saliva from four individuals stimulated glucan formation from sucrose by the Streptococcus mutans strain 6715 dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5). At final dilutions of 1:10 all of the fluids stimulated crude enzyme preparations approximately 1.8-fold. The fluids stimulated the purified water-insoluble glucan-synthesizing form of the dextransucrase approximately 3.2-fold and the water-soluble glucan-producing form of the enzyme approximately 2.4-fold. The fluids all contained concentrations of stimulatory material that could be reduced to undetectable levels only after dilutions of greater than 1:1,000. The increased rates of glucan formation caused by the fluids and dextran were additive, indicating that stimulation by the fluids was primarily due to interactions with entities other than glucan primer molecules. In contrast, the elevated levels of glucan formation in the presence of the fluids was not further enhanced by the addition of lysophosphatidylcholine. Lysophosphatidylcholine purified from parotid and submandibular saliva by solvent extraction and thin-layer chromatography stimulated the dextransucrase as effectively as egg yolk lysophosphatidylcholine. Thus, phospholipids normally found in human oral fluids can enhance the activity of an enzyme believed to be directly associated with the cariogenic potential of S. mutans.

Blood↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Activation of latent collagenase of human leukocytes and gingival fluid by bacterial plaque.

Collagenase activity was studied in human leukocytes, gingival crevicular fluid and bacterial plaque, with soluble radioactive collagen as substrate. Inflamed gingiva liberated vertebrate type collagenase into the crevicular fluid in active form. Healthy gingiva, in contrast, released collagenase in a latent form that could be activated by trypsin or plaque. Plaque also stimulated leukocytes to release collagenase, and activated the latent enzyme.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1979

Effect of experimental neutropenia on initial gingivitis in dogs.

The role of neutrophilic granulocytes in the loss of gingival collagen has been studied by inducing experimental neutropenia during initial gingivitis in beagle dogs. Neutropenia was induced for 4 d in three animals with normal gingiva by repeated injections of rabbit anti-neutrophil serum. During neutropenia microbial plaque was allowed to form on the teeth. Samples of junctional (crevicular) leukocytes and gingival fluid were taken on days 0 and 4. Block biopsies of buccal gingiva were obtained on day 4. Stained semi- and ultrathin sections were used for histometric and stereologic tissue analysis. Gingival fluid flow increased from day 0 to day 4 in all dogs while junctional leukocytes increased in one dog only. Subgingival plaque had formed in most biopsies, and in the junctional epithelium very few neutrophilic granulocytes were present. In the coronal connective tissue subjacent to the junctional epithelium lymphoid cells, structurally abnormal neutrophilic granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages were diffusely scattered. The gingival collagen appeared mainly displaced by the inflammatory cells rather than dissolved. The data suggest that neutrophilic granulocytes may contribute to the loss of gingival collagen during initial gingivitis in dogs. The neutrophils also seem to be of importance for the limitation of subgingival plaque growth along the tooth surface.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1978

The use of extracted teeth to evaluate clinical measurements of periodontal disease.

Clinical indicators of periodontal disease, Gingivitis Index, Gingival crevicular fluid and pocket depth measurements were obtained from the gingiva surfaces of 30 teeth. The gingival margins were marked on the surfaces of the teeth prior to extraction. The extracted teeth were stained with hematoxylin and air dried, and the distances from the groove to the base of the calculus, plaque, and connective tissue attachment were obtained. The plaque-free zone was also measured. Comparisons were made between clinical and tooth surface measurements. A high correlation was found between clinical pocket depth measurements and tooth surface parameters. The correlations between all tooth surface parameters and GCF were statistically significant. The G.I. was significantly correlated only with the penetration of calculus into the pocket. The clinical pocket depth was statistically the same as the distance from the gingival groove to the coronal connective tissue attachment. The plaque-free zone appeared to represent the junctional epithelium.

Dental Calculus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Gingival fluid].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Gingival Crevicular Fluid↗
PubMed1978

The effect of intrasulcular toothbrushing on the amount of sulcular fluid.

Nineteen young adult Caucasian males had an average Gingival Score of 0.47. Each was asked to demonstrate his present method of toothbrushing. Thirteen used a scrub method, and six combined the scrub and roll methods. Sulcular fluid measurements were taken from the facial aspect of the mandibular left second bicuspid using filter paper strips stained with ninhydrin. An average value of 0.94 mm was obtained. Intrasulcular brushing was performed in the mandibular left posterior segment, for 30 seconds daily for 40 days. The brushing was done by the investigator on 28 days and by the subjects on 12 days. The average Gingival Index score following intrasulcular brushing was 0.26. Sulcular fluid measurements were again taken from the mandibular left second bicuspid. A decreased amount of sulcular fluid was found in six subjects, while nine exhibited an increase and four showed no change. An average sulcular fluid measurement of 0.87 mm resulted following the experimental brushing period. From these data, it can be concluded that, within the limitations of this study, intrasulcular brushing had no significant effect on the amount of gingival fluid.

Adolescent↗