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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Certain characteristics of blood sugar in women aged 16-29 years according to glucose tolerance test].

Glucose tolerance test was conducted in 370 women aged from 16 to 29 years. Adiposity proved to be accompanied by a significant accretion of the glycemia level on fasting stomach, and 1 and 2 hours after glucose load, with the increase in the excess of weight not over the normal level. Glycemia level on fasting stomach failed to differ significantly in persons with an inadequate weight from such in persons with a normal weight. In the group with a decreased weight there was a significant blood glucose elevation 1 and 2 hours after the glucose load. Genesis of the glycemia increase differed in the groups with eleveated and reduced body weight. There was found no significant difference in the distribution of 16-29-year-old women by glucose tolerance depending on the excess of body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Metabolic and hormonal effects of post-menopausal oestrogen replacement treatment. I. Glucose, insulin and human growth hormone levels during oral glucose tolerance tests.

Glucose, insulin and growth hormone (GH) levels were measured during 3h oral glucose tolerance tests, performed in two groups of post-menopausal women. Nineteen subjects were given ethinyloestradiol (EOe) 0.05 mg daily and 20 received oestradiol valerinate (OeV) 2 mg daily. The tests were performed twice before treatment and after 1, 3 and 6 cycles of medication. EOe induced a slight but statistically significant deterioration of the glucose tolerance concomitant with a tendency to elevated insulin levels. The women taking OeV showed no significant alteration of the glucose or insulin levels. The GH concentrations were increased in both groups although the elevation was more pronounced in those taking EOe. The reduced carbohydrate tolerance was not believed to have been responsible for the raised GH levels.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

Effect of estrogen treatment for one year on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in women with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance test results. Glucose, insulin, growth hormone, triglycerides, and Premarin.

A prospective study of the effects of a conjugated estrogen (Premarin, 1.25 mg.) was performed in 36 women over a 1 year period. Each subject received a 3 hour oral glucose tolerance test before starting the medication and another after 1 year of use. The blood glucose levels were similar at five times during the two tests except for a significant elevation of the 1 hour value at the 1 year test. There were no changes in the plasma insulin, growth hormone, or fasting triglyceride levels. These results suggest that the cyclic administration of this estrogen does not alter lipid or carbohydrate metabolism.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of the metabolic response to a glucose tolerance test and a standardized test meal and the response to serial test meals in normal healthy subjects.

The plasma glucose and insulin response to a standardized meal test breakfast was compared with the time-honored glucose tolerance test in the same normal healthy subjects. The amplitude of glycemic excursion and between-subject variation was less with the more physiologic standardized test meal than with that seen with the glucose tolerance test. The glucose tolerance test's prime function is to amplify any glucose intolerance, thus aiding diagnosis, whereas a standardized meal gives a more clinically relevant metabolic status. The administration of serial test meals during the same day in a smaller group of normal subjects indicated, as seen previously with repeated glucose tolerance tests, a diminishing carbohydrate tolerance during the day.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Reliability of a simple and rapid glucose measuring device in conducting oral glucose tolerance tests.

160 oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were carried out, the glucose measurements being performed with the rapid dry-lab device Reflomat/Reflotest-Glucose and the GOD-Perid method. In 151 patients (94.4%) the two methods of measuring glucose led to the same diagnoses (i.e. "normal", "suspect" or "diabetic"). This high conformity in the results suggests the reliability of the rapid device in conducting OGTTs. Only in 9 subjects (5.6%) were the clinical conclusions different, Reflotest-Glucose giving predominantly "more pathological" results. It is, however, not possible to say which method showed "falsely positive" and which one "falsely negative" results.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

[Glucose tolerance tests with oral glucose challenges of 50 and 100 grams (author's transl)].

Seventy six subjects (63 females and 13 males) with an average age of 50.5 years, all of them with familial and/or obstetric history for diabetes mellitus, were submitted to glucose tolerance tests with oral glucose challenges of 50 and 100 g. The tests were all analysed by different criteria of current usage in medical literature (Wilkerson, Fajans and Conn, British Diabetes Association and University Group Diabetes Program). We concluded that the 100 g glucose challenge gives a greater index of positivity by all the criteria above referred when compared to 50 g challenge. Wilkerson's criteria is less sensitive than the others, when applied to 100 g glucose challenges.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

The size of the loading dose as an important determinant of the results of the oral glucose tolerance test: a study in subjects with slightly impaired glucose tolerance.

In the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), divergent doses of glucose remain in use by virtue of the prevailing conviction that the size of the loading dose hardly affects the outcome of the test. We compared the results of OGTTs with 100-gm. and 50-gm. loads in 85 patients, who were selected for slightly impaired glucose tolerance (plasma glucose at 120 minutes after 100 gm. of glucose was between 130 and 200 mg./dl.) The mean between-load difference in this group appeared to be nearly three times as great (54 mg./dl. at 120 minutes) as reported in the literature for normal subjects. The small impact of the dose in normal subjects could be confirmed in a group of 22 controls. As subjects with normal and with slightly impaired glucose tolerance react divergently to a change in the glucose dose, tests with different loads are not comparable and select different populations. The results can therefore also not be converted to one another by conversion formulas. The finding might be explained by the delay of the additional rise of the plasma insulin in patients after the higher load.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Glucose tolerance test and some pathways of glucose metabolism in patients with craniocerebral trauma].

Intravenous glucose tolerance test was done and concentrations of lactic acid and pyruvic acid were determined together with the lactic acid/pyruvic acid index and lactic dehydrogenase activity in fasting venous blood and 35 and 90 min. after glucose load. The investigations were carried out in 30 patients with cerebral concussion and 20 patients with cerebral contusion on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days after trauma. Thirty healthy subjects served as controls. Presence of hyperglycaemia in fasting state and impairment of glucose tolerance were demonstrated in the first week of the disease. These disturbances were accompanied by significant decrease of the activity of lactic and pyruvic acid metabolism during the first three days after trauma. The values of lactic acid/pyruvic acid index and LDH activity were not changed significantly. Disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism persisted during the first week after trauma and were more frequent, more intense and persisted longer in patients with brain contusion than in those with brain concussion but showed no significant differences related to the degree of trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Evaluation of oral glucose tolerance test results in pregnancy.

Oral glucose tolerance and insulin response to glucose were analysed in 124 pregnant women during the fourth quartile of pregnancy. Employing different criteria for the detection of glucose intolerance, 9% to 21% of women were abnormal, and using the H index 43% would have been declared "diabetic". There was no evidence of a progressive change in the glucose curve detectable by the H index within the fourth quartile of pregnancy. There was no association between actual or potential fetal morbidity and any of the interpretative criteria employed. It is concluded that the oral glucose tolerance test should be interpreted with caution if non-pregnant criteria of abnormality are employed.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of ethinylestradiol and mestranol in sequential-type oral contraceptives in their effects on blood glucose and serum insulin in oral glucose tolerance tests.

Forty 3-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs) were performed in 10 assumedly healthy female volunteers 19 to 30 years old, each serving four times as her own control. Each subject was taking a sequential type oral contraceptive containing either 50 microgram of ethinylestradiol or 80 microgram of mestranol alternatingly in four consecutive treatment cycles. The OGTTs were performed on the 6th day of each cycle, during pure estrogen medication. Blood glucose and serum insulin values did not differ significantly under either estrogen as tested by the t-test for paired observations. Our results do not support the findings of others that mestranol has a more pronounced or even exclusively adverse effect on glucose tolerance as compared with ethinylestradiol.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Insulin concentration in plasma from the femoral, hepatic and pancreatico-duodenal veins of dogs under standard conditions and in corisone glucose tolerance tests].

In comparing the results of glucose tolerance tests conducted against the background of cortisone action and without it the former one proved to have advantages over the latter one in studying the incretory function of the pancreas. A biphasic character of insulin secretion in glucose loading was revealed with the aid of this test. Secretion of insulin by the pancreas was better reflected by the dynamics of insulin content in the blood of the pancreatic-duodenal vein that by the dynamics of its content in the blood of the peripheral veins.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Metabolic changes during glucose tolerance tests in migraine attacks.

(1) Intravenous glucose tolerance tests have been carried out on 6 migraine sufferers on two occasions. The first study was carried out during a migraine attack and the second was performed in an attack-free period. The patients had fasted overnight and the investigations were carried out in the morning. Samples of venous blood were taken for measurement of concentrations of glucose, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids (FFA), glycerol, ketone-bodies, insulin and growth hormone. (2) an impaired tolerance to glucose was found during the migraine attacks compared with the control studies. Elevated ketone and FFA levels were found during the attacks and may have accounted for the glucose intolerance. The elevation of plasma FFA levels during the migraine attacks paralleled changes in blood glycerol concentrations suggesting increased lipolysis during the attacks. Growth hormone and cortisol were raised and insulin was depressed during attacks. (3) Our observations, in which the patients acted as their own controls, imply increased lipolysis during migraine attacks and are in contrast to previously reported studies. The patterns of metabolic and hormonal changes are consistent with a stress response during the attacks and the significance in relation to the causation of the attacks is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

I.V. glucose tolerance test: correlation between FFA, glucose and IRI in normal, obese and diabetic subjects.

Insulin response and FFA behavior have been evaluated during an IVGTT in 63 subjects of whom 18 were normal, 31 were obese (with varying degrees of carbohydrate tolerance) and 14 were mild non insulin-dependent diabetics. The extreme reduction of insulin secretion in the early phase (delta 0-15 min) and the less severe impairment of the late phase (delta 15-60 min) have been confirmed; obese subjects showed on the average an active insulin response to venous loading; this was more marked and more consistent in the late phase. Compared to controls, FFA concentration both in basal conditions and during IVGTT was progressively higher in obese and diabetic patients. When analyzing the interplay between IRI, KG and FFA in the course of IVGTT, it was observed that: (1) a close correlation exists between IG and early insulin response (r = 0.72); (2) a correlation between delta IRI 0-15 min and percentage decrease of FFA at 45 min is found only in normal subjects; (3) a negative highly significant correlation is found between KG and mean FFA plasma level 0-60 min. This last correlation is evidence of the important role played by FFA in carbohydrate tolerance. The conflicting results reported by others have been discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Fallibility of the intravenous glucose tolerance test as a measure of endogenous glucose turnover.

We have used hepatectomized, nephrectomized dogs receiving a constant infusion of unlabeled glucose as well as conscious, unrestrained guinea pigs in order to investigate the calculation of basal glucose kinetics from intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). In the dogs, we were not able to determine the known rate of appearance (Ra) or disappearance (Rd) of glucose within 50% of the actual value by means of IVGTT. In the guinea pigs, we found that Ra calculated from IVGTT was 250% higher than Ra determined by means of the validated technique of the primed-constant infusion of 6-3H-glucose in tracer quantities. When live Escherichia coli were infused into the guinea pigs, the isotope-tracer technique revealed a 100% increase in Ra yet Ra appeared to be decreased by 80% when calculated by means of IVGTT. We concluded that basal glucose kinetics cannot be determined reliably from IVGTT, and that in certain pathologic conditions the direction of change in Ra and Rd from the basal state may be incorrectly predicted.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Differences between capillary and venous blood glucose during oral glucose tolerance tests.

The simultaneous capillary and venous blood glucose concentrations were measured during 36 oral glucose tolerance tests performed in 36 postmenopausal women. Three of the subjects had chemical diabetes mellitus. In samples obtained before and 120-180 min after the glucose load the differences between capillary and venous blood glucose concentrations were low, whereas samples taken after 15-90 min showed a mean capillary-venous difference of 1.8 mmol/l. This is higher than previously stated by the World Health Organization and the British Diabetes Association. If the definitions that were recommended by these two bodies are used for defining whether the result of an oral glucose tolerance test is to be considered 'normal' or 'abnormal', the present results indicate that the verdict will in some cases be influenced by the route by which the blood was obtained.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1978

Reproducibility and comparative analysis of repeated intravenous and oral glucose tolerance tests.

We have developed a methodology for measuring the reproducibility of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) in normal subjects and in offspring of conjugal diabetic parents. Both groups of subjects revealed more striking correlations of several parameters of blood glucose and insulin secretion between two IVGTTs than between two OGTTs. Employing arbitrary criteria, we calculated a "reproducibility index" as a quantitative measure of blood glucose variability in each subject. No significant difference was found in the reproducibility of OGTT versus IVGTT, nor in normals versus the offspring. Only about 50 per cent of the tests in normals and in the offspring could be considered to be "reproducible." The offspring revealed greater correlations of several parameters, particularly insulin secretion, between the two IVGTTs and between the two OGTTs as compared with the normal group. However, the blood glucose variations tended to be considerably greater in the offspring from one to the other test.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Estrogens, lactation and oral glucose tolerance test in the early puerperium.

An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on 98 women free from any known risk factor of diabetes on the fifth day of the puerperium. Results show that OGTT is greatly influenced by the conditions of lactation. A high proportion of abnormal curves (50%) is found among the group of women receiving estrogens as lactation suppressors at the time of the test. However, in breast feeding women or in non breast feeding women not given estrogen, the proportion of abnormal curves is less than 10%. It is concluded that the unexplained previously reported lack of specificity of the OGTT in the early puerperium could be related to hormonal treatment for lactation suppression.

Blood Glucose↗