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Results for “Goiter, Endemic”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Endemic goiter in Nepal. Comparisons with endemic goiter in the Piedmont].

Comparison of certain features of endemic goitre in the Khumbu district of Nepal and Piedmont is reported. Cases in the younger generations were observed in both areas. In Khumbu, the incidence of goitre in schoolchildren was 75% and cases were even noted in children who had been receiving iodine prophylactic management (injections of iodised oil: 500-1000 mg/yr) for at least three years. The iodine content of drinking water and the most commonly eaten foods was determined. Values were very low and a daily intake of not more than 30 mug was calculated. The findings are in line with metabolic studies carried out by other workers in Upper Khumbu. While it is clear that ambiental iodine deficiency is much higher in Khumbu than in those areas of Piedmont where goitre is most markedly endemic, the inadequacy of preventive iodine administration measures, and environmental features common to both areas, suggest that iodine deficiency is a concomitant factor and not the prime cause of endemic goitre.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Serum thyroxine-binding protein for determining the functional state of the thyroid gland in pregnant women with endemic goiter].

A determination was made of the hormone-forming capacity of the thyroid gland in pregnent women under conditions of goiter endemic at various periods of pregnancy by trimesters (123-in healthy pregnant women, 206-with euthyroid goiter of the I degree, 271-or II degree, 90-of the II degree, and 4-of the IV degree). A method of zonal electrophoresis in the medinal-veronal buffer was applied. Thyrofixin with I131 isotope (made in the USSR) was used. With increase of the periods of pregnancy and the degree of euthyroid hyperplasia of the thyroid gland and goiter the thyroid gland function became elevated irrespective of age.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Population-genetic studies in the microfoci of endemic goiter].

The material analysed is referred to 5 goiter endemic microfoci of one of the landscape-geographical zone of the Kama region with a relative iodine deficiency in the environment, caused by disbalance between iodine and other trace elements. Diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland was revealed in 50.5% of males, and in 69.7% of females; goiter disease was diagnosed in 3.3% of males, and in 11.6% of females. The empirical risk of goiter occurrence for members of the family with one patient suffering from this disease is double, and in the families with two or more patients--is four tunes greater than in the rest of the population. There proved to be statistically significant differences in goiter morbidity among persons with different degree of blood relation to the proband. Calculations by the original method presented demonstrated that familial associations of goiter patients corresponded to monomere autosome-dominant inheritance with an incomplete manifestation of the corresponding genotype within the range of P = 0.7--0.8.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Prediction of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules in a country with endemic goiter.

From January 1962 through October 1975, 455 patients with single thyroid nodules were operated on at King Paul Hospital. Malignancy was proved in forty-three patients. The overall incidence of carcinoma was 9.5 per cent. A higher incidence of cancer was found in patients less than ten years of age (40 per cent), between eleven and twenty years of age (20 per cent), and more than sixty-one years of age (17.4 per cent). Malignant nodules were more frequent in males (17.5 per cent) than in females (8.3 per cent). Radioactive iodine scanning does not distinguish benign from malignant nodule. Solitary thyroid nodules require operative excision supplemented with replacement therapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evolution of endemic goiter in the Valea Jiului area after 30 years of iodine prophylaxis.

After 30 years of iodine prophylaxis the incidence of goiter in the Valea Jiului area was reassessed. A number of 7,892 pupils aged 7-16 years were examined, of whom goiter was found in 32%. Before iodine prophylaxis started the incidence was 91.8%. The present survey shows that the small-sized goiters markedly prevail over middle-sized ones, while large-sized goiters became extinct. The diffuse to nodular goiter ratio changed by the disappearance of the nodular forms. The neurologic and psychic complications in goiter-bearing children disappeared. Attempts to correlate taste sensitivity to thiocarbamide with goiter failed. Examination of the digito-palmar dermatoglyphics showed a greater incidence of the higher atd angle, with transition forms of sulcus palmaris.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Serum thyroglobulin in inhabitants of an endemic goiter region of New Guinea.

Serum thyroglobulin Tg(RIA) was studied in 161 residents of the Nomane region of New Guinea. The incidence of antithyroglobulin antibodies (ATA) and antimicrosomal antibodies (anti-M) was also studied to assess the role of autoimmunity in goitrogenesis. ATA were detected in only 4 sera; these sera were excluded from the study since ATA interfere in the Tg radioimmunoassay. Anti-M antibodies were undetectable in all of 105 subjects whose sera were analyzed. Mean (+/-se) serum Tg(RIA) in the 84 nongoitrous (NG) subjects was 163.1 +/- 17.2 ng/ml, whereas that in 77 goitrous (G) subjects was 208.1 +/- 19.8 ng/ml; both values were much higher (P is less than 0.001) than that (5.1 +/- 0.49 ng/ml) in normal Californian subjects. The mean serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in the NG group (12.1 +/- 2.1 muU/ml) was not statistically different from that in the G group (10.1 +/- 1.5 muU/ml). Serum Tg(RIA) correlated positively with log TSH (r equals 0.38 P is less than 0.001). Intrigued by the finding of goiters in some residents of an endemic goiter region and its absence in other residents exposed to the same environmental factors, we evaluated the possibility that the thyroid glands of subjects who develop goiters may be inherently more responsive to any given level of TSH than those of the inhabitants without goiters. However, the slope of the correlation between serum Tg(RIA) and log TSH was only slightly (0.1 is less than P is greater than .05) higher in G than in the NG group. These studies suggested that factors other than thyroidal responsiveness to TSH must also be important in goiterogenesis of endemic goiter regions. We conclude that 1) serum thyroglobulin is a sensitive parameter of chronic as well as acute thyroidal stimulation; 2) Thyroid autoimmunity and increased thyroidal response to TSH do not explain goiterogenesis in New Guinea and attention should be focused on other possibilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Similar serum IgM concentrations in Greek endemic goiter and control populations: failure to confirm previous experience.

Circulating immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentrations were determined in 47 nontoxic goiter patients from four Greek endemic goiter areas, and in 13 patients from Athens, a non-goitrous area; and compared with 38 control non-goitrous subjects from the same goiter regions, and 23 more controls from Athens. The values in both goitrous and non-goitrous groups were indistinguishable. Current techniques for single radial immunodiffusion were employed. The results are expressed in standardized international units/ml serum, instead of the formerly used mg/dl. The present findings are in disagreement with the earlier observation from this laboratory that 40 per cent of goitrous patients had elevated IgM values compared with 10 per cent of control subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[The importance of sociomedical factors for the regression of endemic goiter in South Baden (author's transl)].

The further regression of endemic goiter between 1963 and 1973 was investigated with regard to its dependence on social factors and age in representative cross-section of 3933 persons living in South Baden. 2202 of them were natives and 1731 were people who had moved into South Baden. The regression of endemic goiter observable since 1950 included all occupational groups. But if the group of farmers and smallholders (goiter frequency: 1963 = 62.0%, 1973 = 38.6%) is compared with professional people living a town life (goiter frequency: 1963 = 30.0%, 1973 = 15.5%) a noteworthy dependence of goiter attacks on the living habits is even now to be seen. Nodular goiter is more frequent among people living the life of a smallholder (1963: 6.8%, 1973:5.4%) than among native professional people (1963: j.0%, 1973: 3.4%).

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of iodine and manganese in the etiology of endemic goiter in the Martuksk region of the Aktubinsk district].

Iodine deficiency in the external environment served as the main etiological factor of endemic goiter. Low iodine content in the soil (1.8-390 mg/kg) undoubtedly served as the cause of endemic goiter development. Water from the sources of the Martuksk district contained iodine in low concentration. Soils of the Martuksk district are characterized by an acute deficiency of mobile manganese. Manganese concentration in the arable soil layer (16.9-75.4 mg/kg) was regarded as reduced, this being characteristic of the foci of goiter endemia. Water manganese content (from 66 to 186 microgram/1, 99.45 +/- 10.6 microgram/1, on the average) was below the maximal permissible concentrations indicated in the International standard for drinking water. Iodine, manganese content in the soil, food products and in the water of the Martuksk district of the Aktyubinsk region indicated a reverse relationship between iodine and manganese content and the extent of endemic goiter spread.

Environmental Exposure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biological aspects of endemic goiter in the Pyrennes Atlantiques (author's transl)].

In an endemical goiterous area (Oloron Sainte-Marie 64, France) a thyroid investigation has been realised on a certain number of people having a goiter (G) and those without goiter (N.G.). Various explorations such as T4 D, R T3 U, TSH RIA, T3 RIA. Achilles' Reflex, cholesterol have shown no significant difference nor any abnormality inspite of a global deficit in iodine (35 ng/24 h). It can only be retained an absence in negative corelation T3 TSH (P less than 0.05).

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1978

Geologic implications in the distribution of endemic goiter in Colombia, South America.

A survey of 37 communities supplied by stream water and receiving iodised salt for the last 10-20 years indicates that the presence of sedimentary rocks in the watersheds of streams more closely correlates with goiter prevalence than 12 other possible causative variables. These results support the hypothesis that sedimentary rocks rich in organic matter are the main source of water-borne goitrogens.

Child↗
PubMed1976

The acute thyroidal response to iodixed oil in severe endemic goiter.

The acute changes in serum thyrotropin (TSH) triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), were measured in 14 subjects, 4 to 10 (mean = 6) days following intramuscular iodized oil injection. In 8 subjects with small or absent goiter there was a significant fall in T3 and a rise in TSH concentrations, suggesting an acute inhibitory effect of the iodine. In 6 subjects with large multinodular goiters there was a marked rise in both T3 and T4, and reduction in the elevated basal TSH. Biochemical hyperthyroidism occurred in 3 of these subjects. The acute thyroid hormone response to iodized oil, whether inhibitory or stimulatory in a particular subject, depends both on goiter size and on the serum concentration of TSH.

Adolescent↗