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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Late hemorrhagic disease of the newborn.

BACKGROUND: Late hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) may occur without an underlying disorder or as a secondary manifestation of an underlying disorder. It may be seen in fully breast-fed infants without a routine supplementation of vitamin K. In contrast, idiopathic late HDN is defined as HDN without the presence of any risk factor, such as gastroenteritis or use of antibiotics. Severe hemorrhagic symptoms frequently occur. METHODS: Between March 1987 and May 1997, we evaluated 15 infants with idiopathic late HDN, who were diagnosed by detailed history, physical examination and laboratory findings. RESULTS: The age (mean +/- SD) at onset of symptoms was 62.4 +/- 33.9 days. All children were breast-fed infants and were born at term from healthy mothers. The delivery histories were uneventful. There was no history of vitamin K administration at birth. Signs and symptoms of the patients were convulsions (47%), feeding intolerance and poor sucking (47%), irritability (33%) and pallor (20%). In physical examination; there was bulging or full fontanel in 10 patients (67%), diminished or absent neonatal reflexes in nine patients (60%) and ecchymosis in three patients (20%). Before administration of vitamin K, prothrombin time (PT) was 76.1 +/- 43.0 s and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was 123.4 +/- 68.8 s. Six to 12 h after administration of vitamin K, PT was 15.6 +/- 1.8 s and PTT was 33.4 +/- 1.0 s. Neurologic, gastrointestinal and skin hemorrhagic findings were found in 11 (73%), three (20%) and three patients (20%), respectively. There were both neurologic and skin bleeding symptoms in two patients. The mortality in the present study was 33%. CONCLUSIONS: Late HDN results in severe hemorrhage, especially hemorrhage in the central nervous system. Administration of vitamin K (1 mg, i.m.) at the birth can reduce these severe complications.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2003

Late hemorrhagic disease of newborn.

The clinical features of 14 infants diagnosed with late hemorrhagic disease of newborn (LHDN), of which 10 did not receive vitamin K prophylaxis, are presented. All infants were exclusively breast-fed and 12 did not have any underlying illness to explain the abnormal coagulation profile. The common presenting symptoms were seizures (71%), vomiting (57%), poor feeding (50%) and altered sensorium (36%). Physical examination shared pallor in all infants and a bulging anterior fontanel in 64%. Intracranial bleed was the predominant manifestation (93%), with CT scan showing intracranial bleed in 78%. Eight infants (57%) succumbed to their illness, while 36%had neurological sequelae. Since LHDN leads to significant morbidity and mortality, it should be prevented by providing vitamin K prophylaxis to all newborns.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Re-emergence of hemorrhagic disease in newborns. Implications for its prevention].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the occurrence of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN) at a tertiary care pediatric hospital of Morelos state. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective case series study was conducted between 1997-2000 at Hospital del Niño Morelense (Morelos State Children's Hospital), in 46 newborns aged under 12 weeks. Study subjects were referred from peripheral units with a diagnosis of HDN. RESULTS: The severe late-onset form of HDN was present in 91% of the cases. Fifty-two percent of childbirths were assisted by a physician and 48% by an empiric midwife. Application of vitamin K was unknown in 61% of cases, in 39% it was not applied and in 4% it was applied. The majority of infants presented severe symptoms due to intra-cranial bleeding, 11% died, and 41% had severe disease sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Given the high prevalence of HDN in the State of Morelos, reproductive health programs should be reviewed and training programs intensified to promote the utilization of vitamin K by physicians and nurses for preventing this disease.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemorrhagic diseases in newborn infants].

In 2% of the newborn children, hemorrhagic or nonhemorrhagic events may appear. The wider range of paraclinical investigations used nowadays permitted a better knowledge of physiopathological bases of these diseases. The paper reports on all the forms of hemorrhage: vascular hemorrhages, disturbances of the thrombocytic function (congenital and acquired), thrombocytopenias (following a low medullary function, or an increased destruction and the mixed ones), thrombocytosis. Coagulopathies generated by congenital diseases, with lack of different factors of homeostasis, hemorrhages due to the liver diseases and DIC (disseminated intravascular clotting) are also dealt with. All the chapters review etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, prophylaxis. Tables with etiologic forms, investigation schemes for differential diagnosis and treatment complete each chapter.

Birth Injuries↗
PubMed1996

[Prevention of hemorrhagic disease in newborns in the Valencia community: current aspects and trends].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to document the current patterns and trends in the prophylaxis of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn in the Community of Valencia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We sent a questionnaire to all public maternity units asking about prophylaxis instructions, including dosage, via of administration and changes in these instructions during the last ten-year period. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 397,104 infants were born. In 1985, all thirteen maternity units gave intramuscular prophylaxis. In 1990, fifteen of 16 maternity units gave parenteral prophylaxis, with the other giving oral vitamin K. Currently, of the eighteen public center 14 (77.8%) give intramuscular prophylaxis and the remaining 4 (22.2%) use an oral route. These 4 centers cover an area representing a population of 17.9% of the live births in 1994. CONCLUSIONS: In our community there is little evidence of change to oral route for the administration of vitamin K in the prophylaxis of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Because a doubt remains in the efficacy of oral vitamin K, a centralized system to control all cases of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn should be established in order to check the security of this route of administration.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Late hemorrhagic disease in newborn infants. Is the current preventive treatment with oral vitamin K adequate?].

During recent years, we have observed two cases of haemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency which developed late in the neonatal period. One patient was a female infant aged six weeks with severe intracranial bleeding and the other was a female infant aged three weeks with marked haemorrhage from the umbilicus. Both of these infants were entirely breast-fed and had received vitamin K (1 mg fytomenadion) orally at birth. Both infants had unrecognized alfa-1-antitrypsin deficiency with liver involvement. In other European countries, many cases of late haemorrhagic disease of the newborn due to vitamin K deficiency have been registered in infants who had received oral vitamin K prophylaxis. On the basis of these observations and investigations which suggest that oral vitamin K prophylaxis is not so effective as intramuscular administration, it is suggested that the present oral vitamin K prophylaxis should be altered.

Administration, Oral↗