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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Studies on the anti-hemorrhagic substances in herbs classified as hemostatics in Chinese medicine. X. On hemostatic activities of the parched herbs for hemostatics].

The effect of heat treatment on the anti-hemorrhagic action of seven hemostatic herbs employed especially after parching in order to work effectively as an anti-hemorrhagic agent in traditional Chinese medicine, was examined. It was found that the anti-hemorrhagic activities of the following 5 herbs are apparently increased by parching: Kaika (Sophorae immaturus Flos), Renbo.(Nelumnbins Receptaculum), Gusetsu (Nelumnbins Rhizomatis Nodus), Chiyu (Sanguisorbae Radix) and Gaiyou (Artemisiae argyi Folium).

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Advanced hemostatic dressing development program: animal model selection criteria and results of a study of nine hemostatic dressings in a model of severe large venous hemorrhage and hepatic injury in Swine.

BACKGROUND: An advanced hemostatic dressing is needed to augment current methods for the control of life-threatening hemorrhage. A systematic approach to the study of dressings is described. We studied the effects of nine hemostatic dressings on blood loss using a model of severe venous hemorrhage and hepatic injury in swine. METHODS: Swine were treated using one of nine hemostatic dressings. Dressings used the following primary active ingredients: microfibrillar collagen, oxidized cellulose, thrombin, fibrinogen, propyl gallate, aluminum sulfate, and fully acetylated poly-N-acetyl glucosamine. Standardized liver injuries were induced, dressings were applied, and resuscitation was initiated. Blood loss, hemostasis, and 60-minute survival were quantified. RESULTS: The American Red Cross hemostatic dressing (fibrinogen and thrombin) reduced (p < 0.01) posttreatment blood loss (366 mL; 95% confidence interval, 175-762 mL) and increased (p < 0.05) the percentage of animals in which hemostasis was attained (73%), compared with gauze controls (2,973 mL; 95% confidence interval, 1,414-6,102 mL and 0%, respectively). No other dressing was effective. The number of vessels lacerated was positively related to pretreatment blood loss and negatively related to hemostasis. CONCLUSION: The hemorrhage model allowed differentiation among topical hemostatic agents for severe hemorrhage. The American Red Cross hemostatic dressing was effective and warrants further development.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of blood absorption, hemostatic ability and purity of a polyepoxy compound cross-linked cotton type collagen hemostat].

A polyepoxy compound cross-linked cotton type collagen hemostat (CCH) made of highly purified atelocollagen in a fine filament shape was developed. To evaluate blood absorption, hemostatic ability and purity of the CCH, Avitene and Oxycel were used for comparison. Blood absorption speed of the CCH was faster than Avitene and Oxycel. The handling characteristics of the CCH were much better than those of Avitene and Oxycel. Hemostatic ability was better in the CCH compared to Avitene in a canine study. The purity of the CCH was better than in Avitene which contained albumin and other proteins. Those results suggest that the developed hemostat with excellent blood absorption, handling characteristics, hemostatic ability and purity, could be useful in clinicals.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

[Is it necessary to administer hemostatic medicines after surgical operation? The results of questionnaires about the use of hemostatic medicines in Japan].

In Japan, the various hemostatic medicines have been used after operation. On the contrary, in Europe and U.S.A., the anticoagulants are used both before and after operation because of the high incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis. We made inquiries about how they have been used to 566 main surgical clinics in Japan. In the half of these surgical facilities, these medicines still have been used routinely. But in 16.9% of surgery, 9.5% of obstetric & gynecological operation and 29.4% of orthopedic surgery, they have never been used at all. In the field of surgery, in 42% of cardiovascular, 32.1% of respiratory and 10.8% of general surgery, they have not been used absolutely. For the patients with liver cirrhosis, obstructive jaundice and the patients who received the massive blood transfusion during operation, more than 80% of facilities have used the hemostatic medicines. After operation, the blood becomes hypercoagulable and tends to form thrombosis, because of increasing coagulability, decreasing AT-III and protein C, hyper-function of platelet, hypofibrinolytic state and high viscosity. Especially cancer patients have the high risk of deep vein thrombosis. Also we investigated the difference of the incidence of the hemorrhagic complications after operation between in the hemostatic drug group and no drug one. No significant difference was observed. It is concluded that the use of hemostatic medicines after operation is not recommended.

Blood Coagulation Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hemostatic efficacy and safety of TachoComb in surgery. Ready to use and rapid hemostatic agent.

TachoComb is a new, ready-to-use hemostatic agent consisting of a collagen sheet coated on one side with human fibrinogen, bovine thrombin, and bovine aprotinin. The product was used in 125 surgical operations (vascular, hepatic, urological and ENT) in which secondary hemostasis was required. It was placed over the cut surface or over the edges of the wound. The investigating surgeons expressed their opinion on the intra- and postoperative hemostatic efficacy, and routine laboratory tests were done postoperatively. TachoComb had good hemostatic efficacy in 67.2% of cases, and very good in 22.4%. No noteworthy systemic changes were observed. As an adjuvant to obtain complete hemostasis in surgery, TachoComb is effective, practical and quick to use, and is very well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A clinical study on hemostatic fluctuation during and after cardiopulmonary bypass using hemostatic molecular markers].

Heparin is indispensable anticoagulant for cardiopulmonary bypass, but the dose of heparin is even now under discussion. In this study, hemostatic fluctuation was analyzed during and after the bypass using hemostatic molecular markers. The subjects were 16 adult cases of open heart surgery, 12 males, 4 females. The average age was 55.0 year. Operations were aortocoronary bypass in 12, valvular surgery in 3 and ASD patch closure in one with moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. At the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass, 3 mg/kg heparin was administered and the equivalent amount of protamine sulfate was used for neutralization at the end of the bypass. Platelet count, hematocrit, antithrombin III (ATIII), beta-thromboglobulin, platelet factor 4, fibrinopeptide A, thrombin antithrombin III complex, FDP, D dimer FDP, plasmin alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and thrombomodulin (TM) were measured through the operation up to two weeks after surgery. ATIII decreased to 50% of control value all through the bypass. Platelet markers increased immediately, and the activated state continued 3 hours after the bypass. Coagulation markers increased markedly after the aortic declamping, and reached at its peak by three times as control value, immediately after the protamine neutralization and continued for 3 hours. During the bypass, fibrinogenolysis caused by t-PA which was stimulated by non-physiological circulation and stimulating substances, was observed. Fibrinolysis occurred following the hypercoagulability after the neutralization. TM was within normal range before the aortic declamping. But increased gradually after the declamp, and reached twice as much as the base line. It could be concluded that hypercoagulability and high platelet activation might play a role of perioperative thrombosis. Hypercoagulability and increase of serum TM would be related to reperfusion of the lung. The increasing of TM would reflect broad injury of vessel walls after the bypass, because plasma TM increased following the generalized injury of endothelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Hemostatic studies in racing standardbred horses with exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage. Hemostatic parameters at rest and after moderate exercise.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a defect in hemostasis might be a factor in the etiology of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). Hemostatic parameters were evaluated in 22 EIPH-positive and ten EIPH-negative racing horses while in a rested state. Nineteen EIPH-positive and ten EIPH-negative horses were further evaluated just before and immediately after a 15 min exercise period on a 260 m oval track. When EIPH-positive and EIPH-negative horses were compared at rest, there was no significant difference in any of the coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters studied. There was however, a significant difference in platelet function as assessed by aggregometry. The platelets from affected horses were significantly less responsive than those from nonaffected horses when exposed in vitro to the platelet agonists adenosine diphosphate, collagen and platelet activating factor. Exercise tended to increase the packed cell volume and factor VIII/von Willebrand factor and to decrease platelet aggregation responses to low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate. These effects of exercise however were quantitatively similar in both EIPH-positive and EIPH-negative horses. Reduced platelet function may therefore be a contributing factor in the bleeding characteristic of horses with EIPH.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1989

[Hemostatic requirements for the performance of regional anesthesia. Workshop on hemostatic problems in regional anesthesia].

There is uncertainty as to which preoperative examinations are necessary before performing regional anesthesia. Therefore an interdisciplinary consensus conference was established to obtain recommendations on some of the open questions related to this topic. Preoperative laboratory examinations are not necessary prior to peripheral nerve blocks near large vessels if these are easy to compress. In patients on anticoagulant therapy direct puncture of the vessel should be avoided. Prior to spinal or epidural anesthesia, no preoperative laboratory examinations are necessary if no anamnestic or clinical evidence of coagulation disorders exists. Otherwise the following examinations are useful: clotting time, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and thrombocyte count. Low-dose heparin prophylaxis is no contraindication to spinal or epidural anesthesia. However, in patients at increased risk of bleeding or with low body weight, PTT and thrombocyte count are necessary. Since at present no definite data exist as to the bleeding risk in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin prophylaxis, spinal/epidural anesthesia should be performed in controlled studies only under these conditions. This particular precaution seems to be necessary because low-molecular-weight heparin increases levels of plasminogen activators (t-PA) and therefore has fibrinolytic activity. If plasma expanders are administered perioperatively, the highest bleeding risk exists after dextran infusions. There is also an increased bleeding risk if nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, especially acetylsalicylic acid, are administered repeatedly within 5 days prior to spinal/epidural anesthesia. In these patients preoperative determination of the clotting time appears necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anesthesia, Conduction↗