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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Who is rehospitalized in a psychiatric hospital? Psychiatric hospitalization rates and social indicators in the Zurich canton (Switzerland)].

There are two approaches in the research on the relation between social conditions and mental disorder: The ecological approach is concerned with characteristics of the social composition of a certain geographical area and their relation to the frequency of disorders, whereas for the individualistic view variables of the psychosocial background of the individual are of interest. This study is on the risk for psychiatric admission (first and re-admission). While considering variables of the social context of the community as well as of the background of the individual, it tries to take into account both the ecological and the individualistic view of the relationship between social conditions and (treated) mental disorder. The sample of the study includes data of 4021 psychiatric inpatients treated in 1997 in one of the seven psychiatric hospitals of the Swiss canton of Zurich as well as data of social context of the 171 communities of the canton of Zurich. The psychiatric first and re-admission rates of the community can be predicted by the following variables of its social context: 1. pro portion of foreigners, 2. urban character of the living area, 3. population density. Two other variables are of relevance only for the prediction of first admissions: 4. proportion of one-person households and 5. local tax rate. However, further results of the study show that correlations between variables of the social context and psychiatric admission rate of the community cannot be interpreted as risks for the individual.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Factors predictive of referral to psychiatric hospital among general hospital psychiatric consultations.

The aim of this paper was to explore the factors necessitating psychiatric hospital care in a Finnish multi-centre study of general hospital in-patients referred for psychiatric consultation. The study group consisted of 1251 patients referred to psychiatric hospital (n = 181) and a comparison group (n = 1070) consisting of subjects who were not referred. Differences between groups were studied by univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used both to assess the factors contributing to referral to psychiatric hospital and to create predictive models. The validity of the models was analysed by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in an independent sample. Psychiatric hospital care during the previous 5 years was associated with a 3.7-fold (odds ratio) increased risk of hospitalization. A diagnosis of psychosis was associated with a 2.9-fold increased risk, and attempted suicide as a reason for consultation was associated with a 2.1-fold increased risk. Not being married doubled the risk, and the odds ratio was also high in cases of poor psychosocial functioning (as assessed by Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score). The predictive model differentiated reasonably well between those patients who were hospitalized and the other patients. In conclusion, this multi-centre study of factors predictive of referral to psychiatric hospital among general hospital patients revealed that the most important determinants were previous psychiatric care, diagnosis of psychosis or severe depression, attempted suicide, being unmarried, and poor psychosocial functioning as assessed by GAF score.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[How does a general hospital psychiatric unit deal with violent patients? The border between community psychiatric services and forensic psychiatric hospitals].

ISSUE: In psychiatric and psychotherapeutic clinics that are responsible for supplying care for a region, how often are patients transferred to forensic psychiatric hospitals? Is there a tendency to "send off" aggressive or threatening patients as quickly as possible? METHOD: In the psychiatric and psychotherapeutic clinic responsible for the Berlin's Neukölln district, for one year (2000) all patients who committed a severe criminal offence immediately before or during their in-patient treatment were registered for observation in 2000. The steps of investigation and further legal consequences were recorded. RESULTS: During the period of observation, 0.1 percent of the patients were transferred from the clinic to a forensic psychiatric hospital. Weeks or months after their regular release, 0.4 percent of the patients were committed to a forensic department. The court ordered an ambulant psychiatric evaluation for 0.5 percent of the patients. CONCLUSION: Only a few patients were transferred to forensic psychiatric hospitals. A tendency to "send off" aggressive patients as soon as possible, thus abusing forensic psychiatry, was not found in this study.

Aggression↗
PubMed1989

Integration of general hospital psychiatric services with freestanding psychiatric hospitals.

General medical hospitals and freestanding psychiatric hospitals usually function independently. The authors review the relative strengths and weaknesses of the two settings and suggest a plan for a rational coordination of services. In an efficient integrated system, the general hospital would provide emergency psychiatric services and treat patients with combined medical and psychiatric conditions. The freestanding facility would offer inpatient and outpatient services, as well as partial hospitalization and transitional living arrangements, to psychiatric patients without medical complications. All facilities would share professional staff and data processing capabilities and would have common policies and procedures, reducing the cost of treatment and facilitating patient transfers.

Hospital Bed Capacity, 100 to 299↗
PubMed1983

Patients refused admission to a psychiatric hospital.

Psychiatric hospitals are under pressure to reduce admissions as a way of lowering census. In a state hospital that established a screening team to refer inappropriate applicants elsewhere, a study was undertaken to compare applicants admitted for treatment with those refused admission. Although 72 percent of those who requested admission were admitted, more applicants from the hospital's own county than from other counties in the catchment area were referred elsewhere. Further, many more applicants for voluntary admission were referred elsewhere than were applicants referred by other agencies or referred in a committed-but-refusable status. The data suggest that clinicians who are encouraged to refuse admission to some applicants tend to refuse voluntary applicants. If screening for public hospitalization tends to lead to refusal of individuals who request services and admission of those who resist them, an unfortunate catch-22 situation has developed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Legal status of persons with chronic mental illness admitted to psychiatric hospitals.

Psychiatric patients have been, and continue to be, victims of social rejection, a phenomenon that has led to their de facto marginalization. The historical evolution of Western society has been characterized by a tendency to move from laws that preferentially protect society from a perceived threat from individuals with mental illness towards laws intended to protect and defend the interests of these individuals. The spirit of the current legislative framework is to protect persons with mental illness and to guarantee the protection of each and every one of their rights. However, it should be recognized that promulgation of a new law is not tantamount to its enforcement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the actual legal status of persons admitted to psychiatric hospitals.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Inpatients of Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Zhenjiang Psychiatric Hospital and New York State Mental Hospital, Rockland Psychiatric Center: comparison of the diagnostic distribution and sex ratios.

Description among Zhenjiang Psychiatric Hospital (ZPH) Taipei City Psychiatric Center (TCPC), and New York State Psychiatric Hospital, Rockland Psychiatric Center (RPC) admission cohorts during the identical year indicates that the RPC cohort demonstrates different frequencies of major psychiatric illness than the ZPH and TCPC cohorts which are remarkably similar. Schizophrenia is more prevalent among RPC public admissions than ZPH and TCPC. Mania exceeds depression in ZPH and TCPC samples while depression exceeds mania in RPC. Females predominate among ZPH and TCPC admissions, in contrast to male predominance in RPC. Wherease alcoholism is almost non-existant among ZPH and TCPC admissions, over half the RPC sample had a diagnosis of substance abuse.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1998

[Aggression in the psychiatric hospital. A psychiatric basic documentation based 6-year study of 17,943 inpatient admissions].

Based upon the psychiatric basic documentation, the incidence of aggressive behaviour before admission and during hospitalisation in a psychiatric hospital was investigated for a six-year period from 1989 through 1994. Aggressive behaviour was found in 8.3% of the patients before admission and in 2.7% during hospitalisation. Injuries to other persons were relatively more frequent in patients with social disorders, mental retardation, dementia and schizophrenic psychoses. The relative risk was increased especially in patients who had injured other persons prior to admission. Considering only the included variables, prediction of aggressive behaviour is not possible with sufficient certainty.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Detection of anti-Borna disease virus antibodies in patients hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals located in the mid-Western region of Poland].

Borna Disease Virus (BDV) is single stranded RNA virus, which may infect a wide range of animal species. Manifestations of the experimental BDV infection show some resemblance to psychopathological symptoms of mental disorders in humans. Several reports suggest the higher prevalence of anti-BDV antibodies in psychiatric patients than in healthy controls. However, the seroprevalence of anti-BDV antibodies varied due to the different serological methods used in the previous studies. Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) is a recently developed, highly specific method of detecting antibodies directed toward two BDV proteins: p24 and p40. We used the ECLIA method for the assessment of seropositivity in 946 psychiatric patients hospitalized in the psychiatric hospitals in the western part of Poland. All patients were clinically diagnosed with ICD-10 criteria. Anti-p40 antibodies have not been found in the studied sample. We found anti p-24 antibodies in 23 cases, which give the seroprevalence rate of 2.4%. This result is consistent with the outcome of Japanese population assessment, done with the same methodology. The seropositive cases did not show diagnostic specificity. We did not find statistically significant gender differences in rate of seropositivity. The seroprevalence of anti-BDV antibodies was not significantly different in patients of urban and rural residence, and in patients of different age groups. This is the first demonstration of anti-BDV antibodies in the Polish population of patients hospitalized in psychiatric hospitals.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The closure of a major psychiatric hospital: can psychiatric patients in long-term care be integrated into existing nursing homes?

Nursing homes are important alternatives to large hospitals when psychiatrically ill patients are relocated in the community, but their suitability for this type of patient is being questioned. This study compared patients in two traditional Swedish nursing homes (n = 66) and patients in long-term care at a large psychiatric hospital (n = 106). The results showed that both types of institutions housed patients with organic dementia and psychiatric symptoms. The hospitalized demented patients, however, displayed significantly more cognitive impairment, more confusion, and more behavioral disturbances than the nursing home patients. Significant differences were also found between the nursing home patients and hospitalized psychiatrically ill patients without dementia. The latter were younger, had better activities of daily living capacity, but displayed more psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances than the nursing home patients. We concluded that all the patients in long-term psychiatric care will require sheltered accommodation. The demented patients could possibly be integrated into nursing homes, but successful integration would require special arrangements. Psychogeriatric units with staff qualified to care for patients with severe behavioral disturbances would be preferable. It would not be possible to meet the psychiatrically ill patients' special need of care in existing nursing homes. Alternative living arrangements, with care given by staff trained in psychiatry, are recommended.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1989

NAPPH (National Association of Private Psychiatric Hospitals) statement of principles of psychiatric hospital practice ethics.

A competitive and dynamic healthcare environment requires that psychiatric hospital administrators and physicians continually monitor their hospital's ability to deliver quality services to their patients. To ensure that hospitals stand for and abide by psychiatric hospital practice ethics, the National Association of Private Psychiatric Hospitals (NAPPH) Board of Trustees has formally approved and distributed to the industry a "Statement of Principles of Psychiatric Hospital Practice Ethics." Adopted at the June 22, 1989, Board meeting, the guidelines not only summarize views long held in the industry, but are a condition of NAPPH membership. Nine critical areas are identified in the NAPPH statement: admissions, advertising, marketing and referral development, resource allocation and appropriateness of care, treatment rendered, patients' rights, family rights and involvement, competition, and financial resources. Central to ethical hospital practice is a moral responsibility--shared among administrators, trustees, physicians and staff--to ensure access to care, quality of care, and fair treatment of patients. NAPPH represents more than 300 private psychiatric hospitals throughout the United States, and the NAPPH mission includes the promotion of high-quality care and treatment, efficient hospital operation, and advocacy for the patients served by its member hospitals. Each NAPPH hospital actively supports the appropriate, safe, and compassionate treatment of the mentally ill.

Ethics↗
PubMed1992

Management of early postdischarge adjustment reactions following psychiatric hospitalization.

Psychiatric patients frequently experience serious symptoms and demonstrate disturbed behaviors in the very early postdischarge period. Based on 25 years of clinical experience, the author reviews symptoms and behaviors that can occur and notes that they should most often be viewed as adjustment reactions rather than as exacerbations of the primary illness. A team approach to management of early postdischarge reactions that uses a psychiatrist and psychiatric nurse is effective. Interventions include forewarning inpatients that problems may occur and helping them identify potential problems. Social skills training, learning therapies, and family counseling help patients prepare to cope. Accompanying patients home on passes during hospitalization is helpful, as is inviting them to visit the hospital during their first days at home. Scheduling initial office visits within three days of discharge is another way of easing a difficult transition.

Activities of Daily Living↗