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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Brief communication: unusual finding at Pueblo Bonito: multiple cases of hyperostosis frontalis interna.

Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a disease characterized by excess bone growth on the internal lamina of the frontal bone and, occasionally, other cranial bones. Although the disease is fairly common in modern populations, its etiology is poorly understood. Hyperostosis frontalis interna has been identified in antiquity, primarily in the Old World, but with a much lower frequency than in modern groups. The purpose of the present study is to report multiple cases of HFI at Pueblo Bonito (Chaco Canyon, New Mexico). Twelve out of 37 adults with observable frontal bones exhibited HFI, ranging from mild to severe, including 11 females and one male. This is the first published case report of HFI in archaeological remains from the New World having a frequency comparable with modern groups. Most archaeological cases of HFI are isolated, so comparative data for multiple cases at one site are rare. The results of this study emphasize the importance of looking for HFI in archaeological remains, although it is rarely observed. Possible genetic and environmental factors for the high frequency of HFI at Chaco Canyon are considered, but additional research is needed to discover the etiology and to better understand why HFI sometimes occurs at modern frequencies in ancient populations.

Fossils↗
PubMed1997

Leukocyte-marrow scintigraphy in hyperostosis frontalis interna.

Hyperostosis frontalis interna is the term used to describe the thickening of the frontal bones of the skull. This thickening of the frontal bones is accompanied by an increase in the diploic space which results in an increased quantity of hematopoietically active marrow. Increased frontal bone uptake of labeled leukocytes has been reported in this condition, and the symmetric appearance of this activity may suggest its benign etiology. We have encountered a case of hyperostosis frontalis interna in which the uptake of labeled leukocytes was asymmetric and marrow scintigraphy confirmed that the activity seen was due to marrow not infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Japanese cases of hyperostosis frontalis interna].

Although hyperostosis frontalis interna is common in the western countries, it has been rarely reported in the literature in Japan. We had a chance to observe 5 cases diagnosed as hyperostosis frontalis interna. They were found among 10,902 patients who came to our hospital from August 1, 1993 to September 30, 1995. All the patients in these five cases are females aged 67 to 85 (mean = 74.2 years). Four of the 5 cases had been treated as hypertension, 2 as diabetes mellitus, and 1 as hyperlipoidemia. Two cases were accompanied by unruptured aneurysms. The pathology of one case accompanied by chronic subdural hematoma revealed no apparent development of Haversian systems of bone. It seems that the prevalence of this disease in Japan would increase from now on due to the fact that the life style and the diet among Japanese people has been getting westernized.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Gerontological aspects of hyperostosis frontalis interna.

Authors discuss hyperostosis frontalis interna observed in a large number of aged persons, on the basis of age and sex distribution as well as its clinical and roentgenomorphological analysis. In various forms of the ossification of the frontal bone no significant difference was found between the localisation of hyperostosis and the clinical symptoms. On other hand, there is a direct correlation between the extension and severity of hyperostosis and the frequency of occurence of the associated symptoms (obesity, hypertension). They found the aetiological classification more adequate than the morphological categorization of Moore. Their cases are discussed 1. as partial phenomenon of the Morgagni's syndrome; 2. as independent alteration, showing no other symptoms; 3. as transitionary forms inserted between the two groups mentioned above. They discuss also the question of senile, compensatory hyperostosis frontalis interna. On the basis of the study of a large autopsy material they support the opinion that there is a direct connection of this form with old age.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Hyperostosis frontalis interna: an anthropological perspective.

Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is manifested by the accretion of bone on the inner table of the frontal bone. Despite the vast literature on HFI, ambiguity exists as to its etiology, osteogenesis, demography, and history. This stimulated the present broad-scale study of HFI which included the evaluation of 1,706 early 20th century skulls (1,007 males and 699 females) from the Hamann-Todd and Terry human osteological collections, as well as 2,019 pre-19th century East-Mediterranean, Amerindian, and Central European skulls. In addition, 72 cadavers were dissected for gross inspection and histology. Special attention was paid to the relationship of the brain and meninges to endocranial lesions. HFI is an independent condition, not a symptom of a more generalized syndrome as suggested in the past. It can appear in a variety of forms but each is the result of the same process and probably of the same etiology. Investigators' previous failure to recognize the mild stages of HFI (types A and B) as an early form of the general HFI process led to erroneous statistics and interpretations of observations. HFI should also be considered a phenomenon separate from HCI, hyperostosis cranialis diffusa (HCD), and other endostoses, even when it appears in association with them. To avoid ambiguity and facilitate the description of cranial hyperostoses, uniform nomenclature (HFI, HCD) has been recommended. HFI is rarely seen in historic populations, regardless of geographical origin. It is most commonly found among females and is believed to be associated with prolonged estrogen stimulation. While its magnitude of manifestation and frequency are much higher in females, HFI is not a purely female phenomenon. Males with hormonal disturbances such as atrophic testis were found to manifest HFI type D. HFI is associated with age insofar as it is much less frequent in females under 40 years of age. Although advanced cases of HFI (types C and D) have been observed in individuals as young as 40 years of age, it is more frequently found after age 60. The frequency of HFI type D will not increase from age 60. Type-predicted analysis by cohort reveals significant ethnic differences. Changes in African American (AA) females appear earlier in life and progress more rapidly than in European American (EA) females. Analysis of radiographs shows a discrepancy between the anatomic prevalence of HFI and its radiological recognition, which is very poor for mild cases. This apparently resulted in the misconceptions that HFI is entirely an old-age phenomenon, and that it is exclusively female. Histological analysis shows that the inner table along with the closely attached dural layer play a major role in the osteogenesis of HFI. Contrary to previous models, no evidence for diploe or ectocranial plate involvement was found. Cadaver study suggests that the predilection for the frontal area may be related to an altered blood supply and/or vascular stretching.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Hyperostosis frontalis interna: case report and review of literature.

Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) has been reported in high frequency among post-menopausal elderly women. Although it was widely discussed in the past, this entity is rarely mentioned in the current pathology literature. We report a postmortem case of a 56 yr-old post-menopausal woman with irregular thickening of the internal surface of the frontal bone. Histology revealed an organized trabecular pattern with overall thickening of the cancellous bone. The periosteum and cortical bone were unaffected. The finding was considered to be unrelated to her death. HFI should be recognized as a benign entity and distinguished from other disorders that involve the frontal skull bone, such as Paget's disease, acromegaly, and malignancy. The etiology of HFI is unknown, but current hypotheses implicate hormonal stimulation.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Hyperostosis frontalis interna, acromegaly and hyperprolactinaemia.

The association between hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI), acromegaly and hyperprolactinaemia was investigated. Thirty six acromegalic patients, of whom 19 had hyperprolactinaemia, were compared with 36 randomly-selected, age-sex matched controls. There was a higher prevalence of HFI in the skull X-rays of the acromegalic cohort (P = 0.0002) when compared to the control group. This difference was apparent in both men (P = 0.01) and women (P = 0.01). Acromegalic patients with hyperprolactinaemia also expressed HFI in a higher proportion of individuals than the control group (P = 0.0001). Intra- and interobserver variability was assessed and concordance with 100% and 97% in the moderate and severe HFI sub-groups. The following sub-group analysis was undertaken: acromegalics and those acromegalics with hyperprolactinaemia were compared with the controls and a highly significant distinction was confirmed (P = 0.0007 and P = 0.00001 respectively). A relationship between HFI severity and the patient's age was noted in both male and female acromegalics. Also, the severity of HFI appeared related to disease duration in female acromegalics. The cause of HFI remains unknown but appears to be strongly associated with acromegaly, particularly in the presence of co-existent hyperprolactinaemia. The association may have symptomatic significance and the presence of HFI should be confirmed or refuted in all patients with acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed2004

Hyperostosis frontalis interna: archaeological evidence of possible microevolution of human sex steroids?

Hyperostosis frontalis interna is a restricted bilateral thickening of the frontal endocranial surface, which is frequently found in postmenopausal females today. Surprisingly, this condition had a higher male prevalence in its rare archaeological records. This is again highlighted by the oldest known male European hyperostosis frontalis interna case in an adult Celtic from 100 BC presented here. This unique specimen supports earlier suggestions of the possible microevolution of human endocrine regulation, e.g. by sex steroids, and its pathoanatomical impact.

Anthropology, Physical↗
PubMed1978

[Paget's disease, ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis and hyperostosis frontalis interna].

Ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis and internal frontal hyperostosis have a frequency of 5% and 8% respectively. In Paget's disease, these two disorders are found with a frequency of 40% and 19.1% respectively. This frequency is not due to chance. There exists a link between the 3 diseases. Ankylosing vertebral hyperostosis is thusa new pathological association in Paget's disease. It is even the most frequent of these associations. It seems Paget's disease induces hyperostosis and not the contrary. The authors suggest the theory that cortical and periostal hypervascularisation in pagetoid bone favour the development of these hyperostoses.

Aged↗