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Results for “Hand Bones”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Quantitative evaluation of bone mineral contents of hand bone using CR technique].

We evaluated the clinical applicability of a matrix compression technique on computed radiography (CR) data for quantitative measurements of bone mineral content of hand bones. Similar results were obtained compared to those obtained by the conventional microdensitometry (MD) technique. This CR technique which uses imaging plates should take the place of the normal MD technique due to the fact that it provides for the reduction of exposure dosage.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2002

[Elastic stable intramedullary nailing of hand bones. ECMES even with the hand].

AIM: Apply the principles of elastic intra-medullary nailing developed by Metaizeau for children, to bone fixation of bones of the hand. METHOD: Retrospective review of 43 patients treated between 1995 and 1999 for fracture of one or more bones of the hand. Thirty five concerned the right hand, 11 the left; 54 involved metacarpal fractures and 2 fractures of the phalanx. Only those patients whose lesions were considered mended were taken into account in this study. RESULTS: In 32 cases, bone fixation was completed with the use of a single pre-stressed pin, in 24 cases 2 prestressed pins forming a double arc were used. The delay in removal of material varied from between 35 days to 4 1/2 months. In three cases it required a dynamic splint treatment. Functional re-education was prescribed for two patients. Eight patients were lost for follow up. Fourty eight were followed with complete recovery of joint range of motion. We deplored one necrosis of the skin due to the contusion at the time of the initial trauma, one delayed healing after an animal bite required keeping the material in place for 4 months, one case of infection; in another case insufficient stabilization by the ECMES resulted in a 10 degrees mal-union of the metacarpal diaphysis. Three times the site of a fracture had to be opened in order to perform bone fixation. CONCLUSION: The ECMES appears perfectly suitable for bone fixation of the diaphysis of bones of the hand and certain metaphyseal and epiphyseal fractures. Small incisions help to avoid unbecoming scars and adhesions and foster a rapid recovery of function.

Bone Nails↗
PubMed1996

Clinical associations of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurement of hand bone mass in rheumatoid arthritis.

Hand bone mineral density (BMD) measurement by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) has potential as a marker of progression in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined a DXA methodology and studied in a cross-sectional manner 202 patients with RA. Hand BMD correlated inversely with age and was higher in males. Hand BMD correlated with lumbar and femoral sites. In females, BMD of the hand correlated positively with grip strength and negatively with disability. Those with higher C-reactive protein (CRP) had significantly lower hand BMD than those with normal CRP. In patients with a normal CRP, the hand BMD:lumbar BMD ratios were significantly higher in patients with longer disease duration. Hand BMD correlates with measures of disease activity, functional capacity and also with lumbar and femoral BMD. Hand bone loss occurs in early disease, in the absence of detectable systemic disease, and before lumbar BMD loss. It has the potential to be an outcome measure in early disease.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hand bone segmentation in radioabsorptiometry images for computerised bone mass assessment.

From hand radiographs, the measurement of the bone density of hand bones is automatically performed, using units relative to an aluminium wedge, in order to know the absorption of the ray light intensity respect to a known substance. By means of a point distribution model, the variation modes of a statistical model of the phalanx are determined, and the boundaries of such bones localised, aiming to obtain their average grey level. The goal is to obtain an accurate and reliable computerised radiographic X-ray absorptiometry system for automatic bone mass assessment that can be easily applied to the population. The developed system has been tested and compared to other known methods with a high level of correlation.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1994

[Chiromegaly in syringomyelia--radiologic studies of hand bones].

Chiromegaly, localized hypertrophy of a hand, is known to be a rare but pathognomonic trophic disturbance in syringomyelia. We recently reported that the sympathetic hyperfunction was associated with chiromegaly. This time we carried out radiological studies of hand bones in 4 patients with syringomyelic chiromegaly. In simple roentogenography, enlargement and enhanced shadows of hand bones were recognized in the chiromegalic side. Radiographic measurements showed metacarpophalangeal length and width were increased by 1.7% and 8.8% respectively compared to the normal side, and metacarpal index was decreased significantly in the chiromegalic side. In X-ray photodensitometry (MD/MS method) of the second metacarpal bones, bone density was increased by 10.6% compared to the normal side. These results suggested that bone hypertrophy was associated with chiromegaly in patient with syringomyelia. Trophic disturbance may exert some influence on the bone tissue.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of systematic participation in boxing on the maturation of hand bones in young boxers].

The aim of the work was to state the time of ossification of hand bones in young boxers, residents of Far East, and to clarify how systematic box training affects maturation of the bones in question. Roentgenograms of boxers' hand bones training at sporting schools in Khabarovsk were used as the material of the investigation, and those of schoolchildren and students nonsportsmen from Khabarovsk were used as the control. Percentage ratio of rates and arrows served for comparative estimation of the results. The investigation demonstrated the time of the hand bones ossification, as well as the effect of systematic sport training on maturation of the hand bones towards its deceleration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of participation in certain types of sports on the hand bones of adolescents and youth].

The effect of such sports training as boxing, basket-ball and football on the hand skeleton was studied. Roentgenograms of hands in 80 young sportsmen 15--17 years old were examined. Synostosis in the hand bones, in distal portion of the forearm and mineral saturation of the metacarpal bones were studied by the standard method of roentgenodensitometry. It was stated that specific loading on the hand bones as a result of sports training (boxing, basket-ball) produces certain adaptive-compensatory changes in the hand bones development and structure. These changes are manifested as: decreasing rate of synostosis in the distal epiphysis of the forearm and hand bones in young boxers; certain time changes in sinostosis of definite parts of basket-ballers' hand skeleton. Their structural changes are seen as increased mineral saturation in the hand bones (more in boxers and less in basket-ballers) that correspondingly results in their increasing resistivity.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2005

Reduced loss of hand bone density with prednisolone in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis presents as osteoporosis and joint erosions. Prednisolone has been shown to reduce the rate of hand joint destruction as seen on radiography but has not been shown to reduce the rate of hand bone loss. METHODS: In a double-blind study comparing oral prednisolone (7.5 mg/d for 2 years) with placebo, hand bone density assessed with digital x-ray radiogrammetry was examined in 95 patients with rheumatoid arthritis with disease duration of less than 2 years. RESULTS: The mean loss of hand bone density was less in prednisolone-treated patients compared with placebo-treated patients at the 1-year follow-up (-0.011 vs -0.022 g/cm(2)) (P = .005) and at the 2-year follow-up (-0.026 vs -0.039 g/cm(2)) (P = .03). The mean percentage group difference in loss of hand bone density was 2.8% (P = .004) at the 1-year follow-up and 3.5% (P = .01) at the 2-year follow-up. In the first year, C-reactive protein, a marker of inflammation, was strongly correlated with hand bone loss in placebo-treated patients but not in prednisolone-treated patients, suggesting that prednisolone breaks the link between bone loss and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first double-blind randomized study to show that disease-related loss of hand bone density in rheumatoid arthritis can be decelerated by prednisolone. This finding suggests that the deleterious effect of prednisolone on bone may be counteracted by its anti-inflammatory effect.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Tumors of the hand bones].

The article is devoted to an actual problem of surgical treatment of hand bone tumors. It presents a classification of hand bone tumors, pathogenesis, clinical course of the most common tumors, methods of surgical treatment. Results of treatment of 108 patients with hand bone tumors are described.

Bone Cements↗
PubMed1998

Fluctuating asymmetry and morphometric variation of hand bones.

The major aim of this study was to test three hypotheses: 1) more complex traits of the hand are less prone to developmental insults and therefore show lower fluctuating asymmetry (FA) as compared with simple traits; 2) the manifestation of FA correlates with the variability of the trait (i.e., CV); and 3) FA is an organ-wide property, and therefore a concordance exists between the FA measures of different traits in hand bones. Seventy-two bilateral measurements of hand bones, were made from plain-film radiographs of 365 cadavers. A complex trait was considered as the total length of the three phalanges of a finger and their contiguous metacarpals. Simple traits were considered to be the lengths of individual bone that made up the complex trait. The following results were obtained: 1) on the average simple traits, composing the complex trait, show much higher FA than the corresponding complex trait, but this result is expected if there is no correlation (or low correlation) between FA of simple traits within the complex trait, due to random direction of right-left differences; 2) strong and highly significant correlation was observed between FA and CV of studied traits, regardless of sex and age of individuals; and 3) the majority of FA measurements of hand bones showed no correlation. However, correlations between some sets of FA traits were highly significant. They were interpreted, although not specifically tested, as the result of a tight relationship between traits related not only developmentally but also by active performance of the same function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Tubular hand bone growth during the latter half of the prenatal period: an allometric analysis.

The growth of the 19 tubular hand bones from fetal months 5 to 9 was studied by the allometric method. The hand bones were carefully dissected under a low power stereoscopic microscope. The length and breadth of all bones was found to be monophasic in relation to crown-rump length. In general, maximum bone and ossified shaft lengths in the same row group demonstrate similar allometric coefficients. The specific growth rate of ossified shaft length for all fetal hand bones is greater than the growth rate of maximum length. The highest allometric coefficients for both maximum length and ossified shaft length were obtained from the middle phalanges. The shape of the metacarpals and distal phalanges becomes thinner, while the other bones become thicker or maintain their length-breadth ratio. The relative growth pattern of the first proximal phalanx differed from the middle phalangeal group of the other digits. This suggests that current nomenclatures for the three bones of the pollex is appropriate.

Embryonic and Fetal Development↗