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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Nutritional status and daily physical activity of handicapped students in Tokyo metropolitan schools for deaf, blind, mentally retarded, and physically handicapped individuals.

Heights, weights, and skinfold thicknesses of 2222 handicapped students aged 3-22 y were measured in the 1984 nutritional survey for handicapped students in Tokyo metropolitan schools for deaf, blind, mentally retarded, and physically handicapped individuals. Although delayed growth was most obvious in physically handicapped students, obesity was already prevalent in many different types of handicapped students, especially those who were mentally handicapped. To estimate daily physical activity, 473 males and 329 females wore a pedometer for 24 h. There were considerable differences in the mean pedometer scores among the four groups of students: deaf greater than blind = mentally retarded greater than physically handicapped. In the female students who could walk normally, pedometer scores were negatively related with both body mass index and percent body fat. The nutritional status in the handicapped students is discussed in relation to daily physical activity.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1992

[Patients with severe multiple handicaps in workshops for the handicapped--a project of the Berlin Workshops for the Handicapped GmbH (BWB) 4 December 1989 to 31 May 1990].

A project had been carried out at Berliner Werkstätten für Behinderte GmbH (BWB) aimed at integrating cerebral palsied persons with very severe, multiple disability in a workshop for the disabled. Client workshop readiness had been determined on the criteria of social capacity, extraordinary care need at the workplace, and economic viability of work. The project, planned to last 6 months, had to be discontinued because the 9 disabled persons included in this programme refused to cooperate after a short period of time.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1990

[Is self disclosure by a physically handicapped proband reciprocated by the interaction partner? An experimental study of the effect of physical handicap on interaction behavior with non-handicapped interaction partners].

An experimental study tested whether an able-bodied person's positive disposition toward a disabled interaction partner was effective in the amount of reciprocation given to the disabled partner's self-disclosure. Sixty female subjects were confronted with either a disabled or nondisabled conversation partner who showed either a high or a low amount of self-disclosure. We anticipated that a "sympathy" effect of disablement in the amount of the subjects' self-disclosure would result from the nondisabled partner's overcompensation. This arises from an effort to compensate the negative, stereotyped attitudes to the disabled in actual behavior toward a single, disabled person by more strongly reciprocating the self-disclosure of a disabled interaction partner compared to a nondisabled one. Results showed that, contrary to expectations, self-disclosure was equally reciprocated with both a disabled and a nondisabled partner. However, a "sympathy" effect was found in the impression judgments on the disabled partner who had shown a high amount of self-disclosure in the previous conversation. The lack of a "sympathy" effect in the amount of self-disclosure was possibly the result of (1) the reciprocation of self-disclosure not being exclusively determined by intentional control processes; and/or (2) the evaluative significance of the amount of self-disclosure not being clear to the subjects in the interaction studied. It is concluded that the efforts of the nondisabled to show an unprejudiced attitude toward a disabled interaction partner are mostly effective in other aspects of behavior than the amount of self-disclosure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Defining fragility of the elderly severely mentally handicapped according to mortality risk, morbidity, motor handicaps and social functioning.

The main aim of this study was to find a cut-off point in the age-distribution at which the physical fragility of the severe mentally handicapped residents increases. The following criteria for age-related fragility were used: mortality risk, morbidity rates of chronic diseases, motor problems and social functioning. The age-specific mortality risks were computed by means of data of the National Case register in the period 1978-1983. The morbidity-rates, rates of motor handicaps and handicaps of social functioning were calculated from a random sample of 550 severe mentally handicapped in 100 institutions and sheltered homes. The results of this cross-sectional study showed a high prevalence of diseases and handicaps, and a high mortality-rate until the age of 30, mainly determined by pre- and perinatal birth defects. The most healthy residents were found according to our criteria in the 30-50 year age group. A significant increase in health problems of 'the elderly' were observed only after the age of about 50 years, as indicated by a high prevalence of diseases and sensory handicaps, mortality risk, motor problems and problems with basis personal skills. The linguistic skills of elderly persons were significantly better in comparison with the younger residents.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

Dental care for handicapped children reexamined: I. Dental training and treatment of the handicapped.

1) Training experience is closely related to whether or not handicapped children are treated. If practitioners attended a postgraduate pedodontic training program, or received classroom education or clinical training in the treatment of handicapped children, they are much more likely to treat such patients. (Worth noting is the fact that one fourth of the pedodontists treating handicapped children had not received postgraduate pedodontic training and 20-30 percent reported no training on the treatment of such patients at all.) 2) Slightly less than half of the general practitioners and 96 percent of the pedodontists surveyed report that they currently treat the dental problems of handicapped children. 3) Practitioners currently treating handicapped children report treating more such patients during their dental training and are more likely to feel that they received sufficient exposure to these patients during their training. (Twenty percent of the general practitioners and 53 percent of the pedodontists felt they had sufficient exposure.) 4) Dentists treating handicapped children were more likely to report both classroom education and clinical training about the use of multidisciplinary health manpower in the treatment of their patients, and to report using such personnel as consultants in their dental practice.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Social representation of the physically handicapped person. "Overcoming one's handicap": effects of family situation and of income].

Continuing the study of social representation of the physically handicapped, the authors of this article study the influence of income and family situation on the evaluation of a fictive handicapped person. In creating twelve portraits by crossing the modalities of these variables, they arrive at a factorial plan which allows them to prove the effect of income and family situation as well on the positive adjectives marked on a list of personality traits as on the evaluations given by means of a scale ranging from "has overcome his handicap very poorly" to "has overcome his handicap very well". Although the evaluations are in general favorable and in spite of the fact that only little information was given to the subjects, the responses are significantly different. In addition, the relation between the number of positive adjectives attributed and the values received on the scale make it evident that the notion of having well or poorly "overcome one's handicap" is socially evaluated. Finally, the interaction observed between the two studied variables shows that the fact of having a professional occupation is clearly more important if the described person is unmarried than if he is married.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1979

Horticultural therapy--aspects of land use for the mentally handicapped. A system of planning for the requirements of the mentally handicapped gardener.

An increasing number of facilities for the mentally handicapped use horticulture, agriculture and gardening in their training programmes. This paper contains a review of: (1) some aspects of land use as a medium for leisure, rehabilitation, therapy and training for the mentally handicapped, (2) employment, both sheltered and open, in land use as reflected in a recent survey, (3) the variety of knowledge available through the medium of land use. The main emphasis of the paper deals with: (1) the need for planning, (2) a suggested planning system that assists the instructor in understanding the requirements of the mentally handicapped gardener when he approaches a given job, (3) some problems peculiar to land use work with the mentally handicapped. In conclusion the authors briefly examine: (1) the need for assessment, (2) the need to distinguish between production and training, (3) suggestions towards an expansion of the planning system to take in other areas of the horticultural unit than were originally described, (4) social activities connected with the horticultural activities described, (5) the hierarchy identified through the use of a particular planning system.

Agriculture↗
PubMed1979

Visual handicaps of mentally handicapped people.

Recent literature concerning visual handicaps of mentally handicapped people was reviewed. Topic areas considered were etiology and epidemiology, visual acuity, color vision, and educational techniques. The material considered indicated that a large proportion of mentally handicapped people are affected by some form of visual handicap and the extent to which further specialization of care and training techniques is required in order to limit the extra disadvantages imposed by such defects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Psycho-social aspects of dental care for the handicapped. An investigation into dental care for handicapped children living at home].

An investigation was carried out to determine those factors that play a decisive part in dental care for handicapped children living at home. Data were obtained by interviews with parents of 32 mentally retarded and cerebral palsied children, 20 attendants, 48 general dental practitioners and 19 dental hygienists in two districts in The Netherlands. The dental health of 21 children was clinically examined. Parents experienced many problems in maintenance of oral hygiene as well as in finding a dentist for their child. They perceived drooling, halitosis and oral-facial malfunctions as the most important oral problems. Poor levels of oral hygiene were found in the handicapped children and the normative treatment needs were high. Dentists and dental hygienists shrank from treating disabled patients mainly because of inadequate knowledge and training. The results of this study were discussed in the context of planning dental health care for the handicapped.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1985

[Early stimulation of the handicapped and potentially handicapped children--breakthrough of a concept].

The author describes the importance and value of early stimulation within the overall concept of working with handicapped persons. A brief definition and scientific arguments are given. Data on the historical development of this relatively recent field are given considerable space, as are details on concepts and organisation. Problems and weak points of the system are pointed out. From the aspect of the fact that the family is the centre of child activities, it is important to make it quite clear that early stimulation of rehabilitation must be an interdisciplinary, "open" and holistic "assistance" system for parents and families as a whole. A point worth considering is whether the system, which had so far been restricted mainly to children with handicaps in somatic field, can also be extended to cover children whose handicaps are mainly caused by psychosocial factors.

Achievement↗
PubMed1989

[Handicapped children and children at risk for handicaps in Bavarian integrated kindergartens--initial results of a survey].

The survey "integrative preschool education - an inquiry in Bavarian preschools/kindergartens" aimed to obtain a representative picture of the situation of handicapped children in regular preschool settings - as opposed to special institutions. In this paper we present information regarding distribution among different group-sizes as well as different defining/diagnosing systems. We also investigated the influence of certain ecological conditions such as size of place where the preschool is situated and distance between preschool and the nearest special institution. Furthermore we gained insight into the conditions which hinder and those which promote the admission of handicapped children.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A parental perspective on the Honeylands Home Visiting Project for severely handicapped infants provided by three mothers of older handicapped children.

Three mothers of severely handicapped children, who had not attended Honeylands nor received any home visiting, were asked to attend and participate in the monthly group meetings for the second year of the three year project (Rayner 1978). They each then decided to visit a family with their home therapist. They comment on the responsibility undertaken by all parties to this work; parents, therapist and supportive team.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Age and functional abilities of people with a mental handicap: evidence from the Wessex mental handicap register.

Functional behaviours in relation to age were investigated using data from approximately 3000 people on the Wessex Mental Handicap Register. The main functional data on the register, the National Development Team's 24-item questionnaire, were cluster and factor analysed to derive a series of client-defining variables. Age-trends were analysed in relation to self and community care skills (activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living), problem behaviours, chronic medical conditions, mobility and sensory abilities. Generally, it was found that differential mortality leads to an older population in good health and with a high level of functional skills. As with the general population, however, people over 70 years old show increasing prevalence of age-related infirmities.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1992

[Psychosis, mental handicap, motor handicap].

Child mental disorders have to be considered both in terms of morbid process and handicap, the two aspects entertaining a dialectical relationship. The authors support this opinion through a nationwide epidemiological study of mental deficiency and by a long term follow-up case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Relatively limited utilization of transportation facilities for handicapped by allochthonous handicapped subjects in The Netherlands].

In order to check whether immigrants and nationals in the Netherlands behave differently in connection with the application for mobile facilities for handicapped people, a retrospective, comparative study was carried out in The Hague and Rotterdam, where more than 20% of the immigrants reside. A total of 600 applicants for mobile facilities in 1986 were selected at random, 300 from Rotterdam and 300 from The Hague; based on the surname of the applicant, the latter was considered to be either an immigrant or a national. Mobile facilities are the most frequently provided facilities. The division between the different nationalities involving the applications was derived from the demographic figures of both cities. Moreover various characteristics of a minor group of immigrant and national applicants for mobile facilities were analysed. In both cities fewer immigrants had applied for a mobile facility than might have been expected on the basis of the demographic figures. To substantiate this, a similar study was made of a file on 1477 clients, who had a mobile facility on loan from the Community Health Service in The Hague. Fewer immigrants than might have been expected on the basis of the demographic figures, had a mobile facility on loan. Immigrants, compared to nationals, are lagging considerably behind with respect to using mobile facilities from the facility package of the General Disablement Act (p less than 0.05). It was noticeable from the characteristics of the applicants and users of mobile facilities, that applications from immigrants for a mobile facility were mostly submitted by an official of a convalescence institute. Applications from immigrants mostly involved young people suffering from neurological disorders. National applicants and users of a mobile facility mostly submitted the application themselves; they had a higher average age and often suffered from neurological disorders or diseases of joints and muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Housing for the handicapped--handicapped housing?].

The article in the first line points out the housing problems faced by people with a severe physical handicap, especially with regard to nursing/care dependence. In this framework, linkages are established with the needs associated with housing, the various practical approaches in the satisfaction of housing needs are outlined. The legal basis with regard to architectural aspects as well as relative to the financing mechanisms for nursing/care and income maintenance are essential factors in view of their practical implementation, as is the acquisition of life skills on the part of those concerned. A number of possible changes in these respects are described.

Architectural Accessibility↗