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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Analysis of health education sections of health systems plans.

Health Systems Agencies are required by federal guidelines to plan for and provide educational opportunities for residents of their health service areas. A study was conducted of 9 health education components of health systems plans developed by HSAs in Region III. The health education plans were analyzed and scored using the "Health Education Plan Scorecard" developed by Sullivan and adapted by the present authors. Specifically this modified scorecard consists of eight dimensions of the health education planning process: Involvement, Principles and Practice of Health Education, Defining Problems, Setting Goals and Objectives, Recommending Actions, Obtaining Resources, Planning for Implementation, and Planning for Evaluation. Ratings were generally higher on the first five dimensions of the scorecard. The last three dimensions produced lower scores. The overall average score was 41 points out of a possible 100. Thus indicating the general overall low scores received by the plans. The paper includes 18 recommendations to HSAs for improving the quality of health education plans. A key recommendation is that the Health Education Plan Scorecard should be used as a guide and check list during the plan development process.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Vision care in health system plans.

The establishment of Health System Agencies, with the responsibility of developing a Health Systems Plan and Annual Implementation Plan, enables community vision care needs to be addressed in a logical and rational manner. Vision care program and activities that could be incorporated into these plans are discussed as they relate to HSP development and to a suggested HSP classification system.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Data for long-term care planning by Health Systems Agencies.

Planning for the long-term care and support of the elderly is uncoordinated. Although several agenices are charged with the planning role, the Health Systems Agency (HSA) has emerged as the major planning unit. Long-term care planning is currently based on skilled nursing facility (SNF) utilization rates. This limited focus is inappropriate and the data are inconclusive. Population-based data, including levels of functioning, age, and living arrangements of those in need of extended support would provide a more useful approach. Sources for such information are suggested. The HSA should commit itself to population-based planning with special consideration of the mental health needs of the SNF residents, and the function of nursing home auspice. All types of health and social services should be taken into account in planning a system for long-term care and support.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

National planning for locally controlled health systems: the Finnish experience.

The World Health Organization considers Finland's health planning system to be among the most successful in the developed world. Despite tight resource constraints--symbolized by total health expenditures held consistently to less than 7 percent of gross domestic product--the Finns have built up a strong primary care sector and dramatically improved the overall availability and accessibility of needed services. This article compares the official health planning system with the actual planning process as experienced within one Finnish central hospital district. The official planning system seeks to integrate national strategic goals with local municipal ownership, administration, and funding of service delivery. The actual planning process within the studied district suggests that technically oriented civil servants at the regional level may be at least as important in the overall decisionmaking structure. The article concludes with a brief exploration of this finding's potential consequences for the long-term development of the Finnish health care system and for national health planning efforts generally.

Cost Control↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experience of the Checkerboard Area Health System in planning for rural health care.

The design of rural health care delivery systems often is based on concepts obtained from urban models. The implicit planning premises of successful urban models, however, may be inappropriate for many rural systems. An alternative model planned and implemented in the checkerboard region of rural northwest New Mexico has proved to be successful. This experience may be helpful to health care policymakers and planners confronted with environments that are not congruent with typical urban settings. The checkerboard region presented a challenging health planning environment characterized by formidable geographic, population, economic, and health behavior constraints. The Checkerboard Area Health System (CAHS), designed to provide comprehensive services in an area dominated by these constraints, was formed around a central diagnostic and treatment facility with six satellite clinics. The CAHS used an innovative administrative structure, extended the productivity of traditional providers by extensive use of mid-level and ancillary personnel, and created an effective referral network. These features are distinctly different from those of urban health care models. Overall, the CAHS attained a high rate of inpatient use. Additionally, the performance of the outpatient program indicates that traditional ambulatory care can be integrated with other health services that are more oriented toward health promotion and disease prevention. Finally, the emergency room at the central facility has attained an impressive record that, like the inpatient and outpatient areas, is responsive to the needs of the target population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Health planning in the United States: an old idea with a new significance.

This paper examines major features of the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974 (P.L. 93-641), a piece of legislation that would radically restructure the health planning system of the United States. The Act combines several, previously uncoordinated, health planning and health resources development agencies into one coordinated program. The program is to consist of statutorily restricted federal agency which will generally oversee the operation of the program, a state program directed by a consumer-dominated board and a series of locally based, generally private, nonprofit, consumer-dominated corporations ("Health Systems Agencies") which will carry the bulk of the planning functions. The resource development portion of the act grants funds for a variety of programs. These include both grants and loans (at very favorable interest rates) for medical facilities. In addition there are funds available for innovative projects which hold the prospect of improving health services and environmental conditions within the community. The act also provides the states and local organizations with substantial power over a large portion of the allocations made under the Public Health Act and specifies the process by which health planning must be carried out. Each local planning agency must design a long range health plan for its community and prepare a one-year plan for carrying out portions of the health system plan. These two documents then are used to create State Health plans, plans for construction, modernization or conversion of health facilities and criteria for judging the appropriateness of health services offered in the local areas and in each state. The act seems to create a mechanism whereby the health industry could be quickly converted into a heavily regulated industry. This regulatory process could be implemented in conjunction with national health insurance or by itself.

Financing, Government↗
PubMed1980

Regs control the planning process as well as the plan.

Approval for hospital expansion plans rests on how much they conform to the state health plan, the health state plan, the health systems plan, and the annual implementation plan. A hospital's planning process must start with a detailed analysis of these plans.

Certificate of Need↗
PubMed1977

The health systems agency: a new bureaucracy.

A Federal law signed by President Ford in 1975 (PL 93-641) mandates the establishment of Health Systems Agencies across the country. The major intent of the law is to provide local direction and control of health care planning. Each Agency shall have a professional staff under the aegis of a board of directors composed of a majority of consumers and a minority of providers. Data identifying health care needs shall be translated into a Health Systems Plan, which is a statement of goals for each Agency; an Annual Implementation Plan shall be developed as a statement of objectives, projects, and strategies requisite to achieving the Health Systems Plan. The concept of the Health Systems Agency has correlate state and federal bureaucratic strata to facilitate health care planning coordination.

Community Participation↗
PubMed1979

Voluntary coordination as a strategy of plan implementation for health systems agencies.

Health planning agencies are faced with the difficult mission of guiding change within a large complex social system whose power is dispersed. Initial short- and long-range plans have been established as frameworks, and now the major focus is implementation. Regulation (non-voluntary coordination) and voluntary coordination are the major means of implementation. Voluntary coordination is a significant strategy for consideration by Health Systems Agencies (HSAs). It may interact with regulation as a competitor, substitute, or complement. Because of limited regulatory powers, HSAs are dependent upon voluntary coordination as a major means of influencing behavior. Conflict, a major feature of voluntary coordination, has the potential of being used as a constructive means for dialogue; negotiation and bargaining may become positive approaches to arriving at decisions. Legitimized community authority is the primary source of authority in a strategy dominated by voluntary coordination as contrasted to state or federal mandates in a regulatory strategy. Knowledge of the environment within which the HSA operates will assist HSA staff and board to arrive at rational and realistic decisions.

Cooperative Behavior↗
PubMed1980

Should health systems agencies be involved in environmental health planning?

Public Law 93-641 provides health systems agencies (HSAs) with a broad planning preview which has enabled a number of agencies to address environmental health issues in their health systems plans. Opponents of HSA involvement in environmental health planning charge that these activities overextend agency resources, duplicate efforts of other government agencies and involve HSAs in "issues of public policy." Closer examination of these charges finds them lacking in validity. The planning activities of health systems agencies are cooperative in nature, drawing upon the planning efforts of other institutions and agencies. It is illogical to exclude environmental concerns from general health planning in light of the impact of the environment upon health. Charges that issues of public policy are inappropriate topics for health planning are seen as attempts to avoid scrutiny of inconsistant legislative policies. Cooperative planning between health systems agencies and environmental health agencies is considered both desirable and essential for the development of effective health planning.

Environmental Health↗