PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Heart Septal Defects, Atrial”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1975

Interatrial septum in B-mode and conventional echocardiograms - a clue for the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases.

The interatrial septum was studied with B-mode echocardiography to determine whether there were specific ultrasonic features characteristic of such congenital heart diseases as atrial septal defect and endocardial cushion defect. In transverse tomograms in the third and fourth intercostal space the interatrial septum is detected almost parallel to the anterior chest wall. The septum continues leftward to the echo of the anterior mitral leaflet. When the interatrial septum extends beyond the left sternal border, it can also be recorded near the left sternal border in the sagittal tomogram. The interatrial septum can also be recorded by conventional echocardiography. The pattern is wavy and synchronous with the heart beat with an amplitude of about 10 mm. It is seen near the chest wall in patients with left atrial enlargement and far from the chest wall in patients with right atrial enlargement. The defect in the interatrial septum was visualized by B-mode and conventional echocardiogram in patients with ostium secundum atrial septal defect. The defects were no longer observed after surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Clinical diagnosis and prognosis of the course of congenital heart defects with pulmonary stenosis].

An analysis of 433 observations is presented (164 cases of isolated pulmonary stenosis, 132 cases of its combination with atrial septal defect, and 137--with ventricular septal defect), the patients being 1 year 1 month to 36 years old, and the form of their heart disease being verified during surgery on a "dry" heart. The mentioned diseases were classified into 3 groups according to the tactical importance of the pulmonary stenosis. Haemodynamic studies in patients with pulmonary stenosis and an intact ventricular septum have demonstrated that with age right-ventricular hypertension progresses the faster the greater the pulmonary artery valve is stenosed. A combination of a valvular stenosis with a large ventricular communication is accompanied by a levelling of the pressure in both ventricles, its absolute figures being somewhat higher in patients over 16 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Conduction disturbances after surgical correction of ventricular septal defect by the atrial approach.

Conduction disturbances have been documented after correction of ventricular septal defects by the ventricular route. Recently, repair of the ventricular septal defect has been through the right atrium to overcome damage to the conduction system and a right ventriculotomy. Thirty-nine children with ventricular septal defects under the age of 5 years were operated upon by the atrial route (group 1). The incidence of conduction disturbances in this group was compared with that occurring in 19 children of comparable age with a ventricular septal defect repaired via a right ventriculotomy (group 2). Complete right bundle-branch block developed in 13 of 39 children (33.3%) in group 1, compared with 15 of 19 children (78.9%) in group 2. This was a statistically significant reduction in complete right bundle-branch block in group 1. The incidence of left axis deviation occurring with complete right bundle-branch block was similarly statistically reduced. Transient complete heart block and arrhythmias were not statistically different in the two groups. The atrial approach to the repair of the ventricular septal defect significantly reduced the incidence of complete right bundle-branch block alone and occurring with left axis deviation.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1975

Congenital heart disease in adults: surgical management.

Fifty patients between 17 and 62 years of age who had been operated on in the past five years were reviewed. Of 24 patients with atrial septal defects, pulmonary hypertension and dysarrhythmia, which occurred more frequently in the older patients, contributed to marked disability in 54 percent and congestive heart failure in 25 percent. Correction carried minimal risk. All seven patients with coarctation of the aorta were previously hypertensive, and two remain moderately hypertensive after repair. Three patients with Ebstein anomaly were severely disabled but have improved after plastic repairs, although mild tricuspid insufficiency persists. The eight patients with ventricular septal defect were asymptomatic, but the rest, treated for tetralogy, pulmonic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, and coronary artery fistula, were moderately symptomatic. Clinical improvement has been achieved and sustained in all patients following repair. The results confirm that congenital heart malformations can be corrected with a good outcome in adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Diagnostic echocardiography.

Ultrasound has become an important diagnostic tool for a variety of cardiac problems. It has the advantage of being noninvasive and, in certain conditions, quite accurate. It has been used for the assessment of mitral stenosis and for the diagnosis of cardiac tumors, mitral valve prolapse, asymmetric thickening of the interventricular septum, atrial septal defect and pericardial effusion.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed1977

Congenital heart disease in high school and college students.

The prevalence and relative frequency of congenital heart disease in high school and college students were investigated during the period April 1970-March 1976. Forty congenital lesions were found among 13,127 subjects which shows a rate of 3 per thousand. The ratio of congenital lesion to rheumatic heart disease was 4/1. Ventricular septal defect was the most common defect, found in 30% of all lesions followed by atrial septal defect (20%) and patent ductus arteriosus (17.5%). The prevalence and relative frequency in those investigated differed only slightly from the results obtained among children. The possibility of spontaneous closure of ventricular septal defect during adulthood strongly suggested itself when compared with our previous data on post middle age subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Intracardiac conduction intervals in children with congenital heart disease: comparison of His bundle studies in 41 normal children and 307 patients with congenital cardiac defects.

His bundle electrograms were recorded in 348 patients aged 2 months to 24 years following routine diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Among 41 children found to be free of anatomic or hemodynamic abnormality the following mean values were obtained: P-H interval, 93.4 +/- 15.3 msec; P-A time, 21.2 +/- 7.1 msec; A-H interval, 72.2 +/- 15.9 msec; and H-V interval, 39.8 +/- 5.2 msec. The remaining 307 patients were analyzed by diagnosis of congenital heart disease. The mean P-H interval was found to be significantly increased in both ostium primum and secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with A-H prolongation in primum ASD and P-A prolongation in secundum ASD. The mean H-V interval was significantly prolonged in ostium primum ASD and in patients with severe aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency. and mitral regurgitation. Grouping of the patients physiologically revealed that patients with moderate-to-severe right ventricular volume overload had P-H prolongation, and patients with severe left ventricular volume or pressure overload had H-V prolongation. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Cardiac neoplasm, tachyarrhythmia, and anasarca in an infant.

An infant had supraventricular tachycardia and massive anasarca at birth. The supraventricular tachycardia and congestive heart failure were minimally responsive to medical therapy. At 1 month of age, a diagnosis of atrial and ventricular septal defect was made by cardiac catheterization. At 5 months of age, at an operation for pulmonary banding, a peculiar neoplasm of the right atrium was noted. On clamping and resection of the neoplasm, the supraventricular tachyarrhythmia reverted to normal sinus mechanism. The neoplasm, by light and electron microscopy, was thought to be a conduction system hamartoma and was thought to have caused the arrhythmia. A review of the literature showed that no such lesions had been reported previously.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

Down syndrome with congenital heart malformation.

Two hundred fifty-one patients with Down syndrome and congenital heart disease was based on clinical (41%), catheterization (38%), surgical (11%), or autopsy data (10%). The most common lesions were endocardial cushion defect (43%), ventricular septal defect (32%), secundum atrial septal defect (10%), tetralogy of Fallot (6%), and isolated patent ductus arteriosus (4%). Thirty percent had multiple cardiac defects. The most common associated lesions were patent ductus arteriosus (16%) and pulmonic stenosis (9%). Twenty-five percent of the patients uncerwent cardiac surgery. Motality in the 68 patients undergoing surgery was 26% for open heart procedures and 11% for closed heart surgery. In 32% of nonsurgically treated patients with large left-to-right shunts, irreversible pulmonary vascular disease developed. Improved medical and surgical care have decreased morbidity and mortality in these patients in recent years.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

Juxtaposition of atrial appendages. Reinterpretation as an accessory appendage or atrial diverticulum.

The pathological features of 13 cases with juxtaposition of the atrial appendages in the autopsy files of The Johns Hopkins Hospital were studied. The anomaly occurs most frequently in association with transposition of the great vessels, ventricular septal defect, patent foramen ovale, and obstructive lesions of the tricuspid and pulmonic valves. The malformation complex of tricuspid atresia, atrial and ventricular septal communication, and the transposition of the great vessels seems particularly common with juxtaposition of the atrial appendage. A recent case showed a small accessory right atrial appendage lying in juxtaposition to the left atrial appendage. In addition, a normally situated right atrial appendages in addition to well-formed accessory appendages lying in juxtaposition to the left atrial appendages. It seems that juxtaposition of the atrial appendages should be reinterpreted as an accessory appendage or atrial diverticulum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Surgical treatment of congenital heart malformations. Indications and surgical management (author's transl)].

Congenital malformations of the heart have to be expected in approximately 0,8% of all newborns. The majority of them needs surgical treatment and can be corrected anatomically with a low operative risk (atrial and ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, coarctation, valvular aortic and pulmonary stenosis etc.). Surgical repair of complex anomalies includes either palliative or functionally corrective procedures and has a much higher operative and early postoperative mortality (transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, tricuspid atresia etc.). Surgery becomes urgent in babies suffering from congestive heart failure and/or progressive severe hypoxia during the first months of life. Early total surgical repair or primary palliation and two-stage correction depends on the kind of anomaly and has to be selected individually. Hemodynamical classification, general distribution and surgical considerations of the most common congenital malformations of the heart are described.

Aortic Coarctation↗
PubMed1975

[Ultrasonic cardiographic studies of heart size in atrial septal defect, combined mitral and aortic valve disease].

27 patients with following diagnoses were examined by ultrasound: ASD; Aortic valve disease; Mitral valve disease with predominant insufficiency; Mitral stenosis; right heart failure; patients without evidence of cardiac disease. The right ventricular dimension (RVD Index) was assessed representing the distance between the right ventricular epicardial echoes and echoes from the right side of the interventricular septum divided by the patient's body surface area, analogue measurements were done to obtain the left ventricular dimension (LVD Index). The ratio from LVD to RVD was calculated. The motion of the interventricular septum was classified as Normal, Abnormal A and Abnormal B, according to known criteria. Three groups of patients could be differentiated: Patients without cardiac disease; Patients with right ventricular enlargement and ASD; Patients with left ventricular enlargement with aortic and mitral valve disease. In patients with cardiac enlargement, echocardiography provides better information concerning the ratio of the left ventricular to the right ventricular diameter compared to a routine chest X ray.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Atrial septal defect: acute left heart failure after surgical closure.

Sixteen of 766 patients operated on for isolated arterial septal defect developed severe acute left heart failure that necessitated partial reopening of the defect; 6 died. The prognosis depended mainly on prompt surgical intervention. The most frequent pathological and anatomical finding was marked hypoplasia of the left ventricle. Pulmonary hypertension appeared to be of minor importance. Hemodynamic data published by others support the hypothesis that this complication is often the result of markedly impaired left ventricular compliance associated with left ventricular hypoplasia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Autosomal dominant hereditary atrial septal defect with heart conduction defects and mitral valve insufficiency].

An autosomal dominant inherited ASD with conduction defects in one family is described. 6 members of 4 generations were fallen ill. In 4 patients the diagnosis was made clinically, in 2 sisters the diagnosis was confirmed by operation. Moreover, the last 2 patients had a mitral insufficiency--probably congenital. The ecg-findings of 4 patients additionally showed conduction defects in form of AV-and bundle branch blocks.

Adult↗