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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Bovine leukemia virus specific antibodies among French cattle. I. Comparison of complement fixation and hematological tests.

Complement fixation (CF) and hematological studies were performed on 517 cows living in normal conditions in different geographical areas of France. The animals belonged to three different categories: (1) multiple or single case herds, in which lymphosarcomas had been detected in the past five years. (2) Leukemia free herds of high risk regions. (3) Leukemia free and apparently unexposed herds. Positive animals were found with both methods in the first two categories but not in the third. Persistent lymphocytosis and CF antibodies were more frequent in leukemia than in exposed but leukemia free herds. Approximately 2 times more animals were found positive by serologic than by hematologic tests. The mean geometrical titer of CF antibodies was higher in lymphocytotic than in normal animals and highest in lymphosarcomatous cows. Persistent lymphocytosis was first detected in 3-years-old animals whereas 22% of younger cows were positive in the CF test.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Analysis of the discriminative capacity of hematological tests used in the diagnosis of sideropenia and microcythemia].

The significance of haematological tests has been measured on a statistical base. The purpose of such an inquiry is the simplification of diagnosing thalassemia and sideropenia. A pilot research has been performed on a sample of 10 thalassemic male subjects and 14 female subjects, 10 male subjects and 14 sideropenic female subjects compared with the same number of "normal" subjects of two sexes. This research has pointed the particular sensibility of some tests. There are reasons to consider best tests, in the order, HbA2, Hcv, MCHb for discrimination between "normal" and "thalassemic" and "sideropenic" subjects; Sideremia, Hb, GR for that between "normal" and "sideropenic" subjects. By combining such tests one obviously obtains more reliable results. Combination of tests Hb, Sideremia, GR appears a useful test for the classification of the subjects. Particularly we propose for the "double cases" the consideration of the test HbA2.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Investigation of statistical decision rules for sequential hematologic laboratory tests.

A statistical data processing program for identifying patients who are likely to have abnormalities on various hematologic laboratory tests is described. The prediction of abnormal levels of serum vitamin B12, serum folate, transferrin saturation, and reticulocyte counts is based on a statistical analysis of the patient's age, sex, and routine blood cell measurements. The program was developed using data from normal-value studies and data from patients who had these laboratory abnormalities. The sensitivity and specificity of the program were evaluated in a controlled prospective study of about 5,000 ambulatory adult patients. The program's predictions also were compared with the laboratory tests requested by the patients' attending physicians. The program was most sensitive for predicting low serum vitamin B12 (74%) and low transferrin saturation (78%). In the prospective evaluation, the predictive values varied from 11% for predicting low serum folate to 65% for predicting low transferrin saturation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Hematologic screening tests in patients with operative prostatic disease.

One hundred sixty-five patients with operative prostatic disease were investigated for hematologic abnormalities. The tests were useful in the clinical management of 6 (3.7 per cent) patients. Preoperative hematologic screening tests are recommended in patients with prostatic cancer, potential sepsis, and in patients with a known bleeding tendency.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiologic study on enzootic bovine leukemia using serologic tests and hematologic examinations.

In order to find suitable diagnostic procedures to use in an epidemiologic survey for the detection of animals infected with the bovine leukemia virus (BLV), the authors conducted an investigation on 262 Friesian dairy cattle. The results of hematologic, serologic, and electron microscopic examinations are reported. Evaluation of the results demonstrated the validity of the immunodiffusion and immunofluorescence tests and the opportunity for their use in conjunction with examination of the blood picture. From the data reported it would appear useful to extend the investigation to the herds without history of lymphosarcoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Computerized hematology: operation of a high-volume hematology laboratory.

Operation of automated hematology testing, on-line to a laboratory-dedicated computer, is described. The computer stores, retrieves and monitors the results of two Model S Sr. Coulter Counters, three Technicon platelet counters, one Electra 600-D, and six leukocyte differential consoles, which are interphased to the computer. All other hematology tests are batch-entered via the keyboard of cathode-ray tubes. The computer generates specimen labels, worksheets, and lists of incomplete tests, monitors all on-line instruments, and performs all the calculations used in the procedures of quality control. Results are available instantaneously on cathod-ray tubes strategically located in patient-related areas throughout the institution. These can be obtained as all of the results for a given day or as cumulative summaries or histogram-type plots of results for a given day.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1979

Use of laboratory tests in a teaching hospital: long-term trends: reductions in use and relative cost.

We have assessed long-term trends in the use of laboratory tests among patients hospitalized on the medical service of a large teaching hospital. A significant decline in numbers of chemistry tests and no growth in numbers of microbiology or hematology tests or roentgenograms were noted between 1970 and 1977. Per-patient increases in laboratory costs and charges were considerably less than increases in total hospitalization costs and charges. These findings contrast to an average increase of 13.8% per year in numbers of laboratory tests for hospital laboratories in this country between 1970 and 1975. Factors responsible for the observed stability in numbers of laboratory tests per patient per hospitalization included, but were not limited to, increased reliance on test batteries as opposed to individual tests; changing patterns of care leading to decreased use of nonautomated tests; and the impact of administrative and educational strategies directed toward optimum use of the laboratory.

Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗
PubMed1978

[Neurogliale cerebral tumors: test of chemotherapy treatment. Forty five cases (author's transl)].

It is impossible to tell the exact prognosis of the patients affected with neuroglial cerebral tumors which are being treated with cytostatic chemotherapy. This impossibility has made it necessary to repeat the different examinations given before and during the treatment of 45 patients. We contemplate a series of clinical, immunological, biological, hematological tests; then electro-encephalogram, brain scan and a echography reveal the variations in volume of the tumor. If some of the examinations are not conclusive, the others, specifically the electro-encephalogram, the mental state evaluation are accurate in determining the final evolution. Immunological shows modification of cellular immunity with a decrease of T cells (57% +/- 5,9) which are hyporeactive (PHA 1/10: 42% +/- 7,5). EEG pertubations and clinical evolution are in agreement in 80% of cases. The median survival of patients as far as EEG signs are concerned in the third month is 375 days if there is an electival improvement and 188 days in the opposite difference which is significant. Scan ications are not conclusive because of peri tumoral edema evolution and hift of medical structures can be shown by echography.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Vindesine. A clinical trial with special reference to neurological side effects.

A good tumoricidal activity of vindesine (VDS) has been reported in a variety of animal tumors and in human leukemias and lymphomas. We treated 22 patients who had received no prior chemotherapy and were suffering from a variety of malignant neoplasms with 0.5 mg/m2 to 3.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. once or three times at weekly intervals and recorded the clinical, hematologic, and especially, neurological side effects. Clinically we observed fatigue in nine patients, paresthesias in seven, myalgias in three, vertigo and diarrhea in two, and skin pains, tinnitus, gastric pains, alopecia, and tremor in one patient each. There was no obvious dose-action relationship. Paravenous injection caused cellulitis similar to that seen with vincristine. No side effects were apparent in liver (SGPT) and renal (creatinine) function tests. Hematologically there was a clear trend toward leukopenia with higher doses of DVA and a mean increase in the thrombocyte count by 51 X 10(3)/mm3 was found (sign test: P greater than 0.05). The hemoglobin level did not change. Clinical neurological examination and monitoring by electroneurography revealed no changes in tensiometer performance, motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity, motor or sensory nerve action potential amplitudes, or H-reflex responses. There was dose-related diminution of the proprioceptive reflexes, especially in the lower extremities. Even with as little as 2.0 mg/m2 VDS i. v. at weekly intervals for 3 weeks Achilles and patellar tendon reflexes were diminished or absent in all patients.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1979

The effects of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor BAY g 5421 (Acarbose) on meal-stimulated elevations of circulating glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels in man.

In blind studies the effects of a new alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (BAY g 5421) were tested in normal weight and overweight male volunteers after oral application of 75, 150, or 300 mg of BAY g 5421 or placebo per os before three standardized main meals of one day. Before and three hours after each meal blood glucose, serum insulin, and serum triglyceride levels were determined. In addition, safety studies were performed. BAY g 5421 induced a statistically significant, in part dose-dependent inhibition of the postprandial increase of blood glucose- and serum insulin levels. The reduction of the postprandial increase of serum triglyceride levels was variable. Routine blood chemistry and hematology tests have revealed no adverse side effects; but the application of the drug was frequently associated with intestinal effects, such as flatulence and diarrhea, which were substrate (carbohydrate) and, in part, dose-dependent.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1977

Calibration methods for automated hematology instruments.

Recent CAP survey data have documented marked improvement in the reproducibility of hematologic tests. The favorable outcome is attributable largely to the widespread use of automated whole-blood analyzers. Calibration variability, however, detracts from this enhanced precision, and there are clear indications that improvement is necessary. Primary calibration methods for hemoglobin, hematocrit and cell counting procedures are presented. The methods of applying these primary calibration methods to automated whole-blood analyzers are delineated. The use of both preserved reference blood and statistical control technics for the identification of calibration loss is described.

Automation↗
PubMed1977

Pooled normal values, a useful technic.

Few laboratories determine their normal values, because of the work involved. This study attempted to see whether a group of laboratories, each contributing a portion of the samples, could pool their information to yield data applicable to the whole group. Each of 20 VA Hospital laboratories obtained approximately 20 fasting early morning specimens from healthy men, aged 20-29 years, during a four-week period. Routine chemistry examinations (16) were performed on Technicon AutoAnalyzers (12/60, 6/60, and AAII), and model S Coulter Counters were used for five hematology tests (381 values for each constituent). Within-day, day-to-day, and interlaboratory variance were determined in parallel-method variability studies. The data showed: (1) it is valid to pool normal values from different laboratories when non-random variables have been eliminated; (2) non-random variables can be identified by increased interlaboratory variance, whether differences such as methods and equipment are obvious or not; (3) normal values so derived agree well with those from large series performed in single laboratories.

Adult↗